虢太子死扁鹊曰太子病所谓尸蹶者也夫以阳入阴中动胃缠缘中经维络别下于三焦膀胱是
以
阳脉下遂阴脉上争会气闭而不通阴上而阳内行下内鼓而不起上外绝而不为使上有绝阳之络下
有破阴之细破阴绝阳之色已废脉乱而形静如死状太子未死也夫以阳入阴支兰脏者生以阴入阳
支兰脏者死凡此数事皆五脏蹶中之时暴作也良工取之拙者疑殆扁鹊乃使弟子子阳厉针砥
石以
取外三阳五会有间太子苏乃使子豹为五分之熨以八减之剂和煮之以更熨两胁下太子起坐更适
阴阳但服汤二旬而复故故天下尽以扁鹊为能生死人扁鹊曰越人非能生死人也此自当生者越人
能使之起尔(史记)
李将军妻病甚呼华佗视脉曰伤娠而胎不去将军言闻实伤娠胎已去矣佗曰按脉胎未去也将
军以
为不然佗舍去妇稍小瘥百余日复动更呼佗佗曰此脉故事有胎前当生两儿一儿先出血出甚多后
儿不及生母不自觉旁人亦不寤不复迎遂不得生胎死血脉不复归必燥着母脊故多使脊痛今当与
汤并针一处此死胎必出汤针既加妇痛急如欲生者佗曰此死胎久枯不能自出宜使人探之果得一
死男手足完具黑长可尺所佗之绝技凡此类也(三国魏志)
郝翁者名允博陵人少代其兄长征河朔不堪其役遁去月夜行山间惫甚憩一树下忽有大羽禽
飞止
其上熟视之一黄衣道士也允拜手乞怜道士曰汝郝允乎因授以医术晚迁郑圃世以神医名之远近
之人赖以活者四十余年非病者能尽活之也盖其术精良可信不幸而不可治必先语之虽死亦无恨
于脉非独知已病能前知未病与死近者顷刻远者累年至其日时皆无失岁常候测天地六元五运考
四方之病前以告人亦无失皇 中翁死张峋子坚志其墓云夏英公病泄太医皆为中虚翁曰风客于
胃则泄殆 本汤证也英公骇曰吾服金石等药无数泄不止其敢饮 本乎翁强进之泄止(邵氏闻
见录)
虢国太子病危,扁鹊说:“太子患的是‘尸蹶’这种病。这是因为阳气陷入阴分之中,扰动胃腑,缠绕经络,贯穿经脉维系之处,向下波及三焦和膀胱。因此,阳脉下行而阴脉上争,导致气机闭塞不通。阴气在上,阳气在内运行,下部阳气鼓动却无法升起,上部阳气断绝而无法行使功能。上有断绝阳气的络脉,下有破损阴气的细脉。出现这种阴阳断绝、破损的征象,脉象混乱,形体静止如同死亡之状。但太子并未真正死亡。若是阳气入于阴分,阻碍脏腑气机则生;若是阴气入于阳分,阻碍脏腑气机则死。大凡这些情况,都是五脏气机逆乱突然发作所致。高明的医生能正确处理,拙劣的医生则会犹豫迟疑。扁鹊于是让弟子子阳磨砺针石,用来针刺‘外三阳五会’穴(即百会穴等头部穴位)。片刻之后,太子苏醒了。接着又让弟子子豹调制‘五分熨’药,用‘八减剂’调和煮好,交替热敷太子的两胁下。太子能够坐起,通过调理使阴阳平衡,仅服用汤药二十天便恢复了健康。因此天下人都认为扁鹊能使死人复活。扁鹊说:‘我越人并不能使死人复活,这本来是该活的人,我只是让他苏醒罢了。’(出自《史记》)
李将军的妻子病重,召华佗诊脉。华佗说:“这是怀孕受惊且死胎未去。”将军说:“听说确实是怀孕受惊,但胎儿已经生下了。”华佗说:“按脉象,胎儿并未去除。”将军认为不对。华佗离开后,妇人病情稍有好转。一百多天后,病情再次发作,又召唤华佗。华佗说:“此脉象在古籍中有记载,产前应当生两个婴儿。一个先出生,因出血过多而死,另一个来不及出生。母亲自己不觉察,旁人也不知晓,不再迎接助产,所以未能生出。死胎血脉无法回归,必然干枯附着在母亲的脊柱上,所以经常引起脊痛。现在应当给予汤药并针刺一处,这个死胎必定能排出。”汤药和针刺施加后,妇人疼痛紧急,感觉像是要生产一样。华佗说:“这个死胎已经干枯很久,不能自行排出,应该让人用手探取。”果然取出一个死男婴,手足完整,黑色,长约一尺。华佗的绝技,大抵就是这类情况。(出自《三国志·魏书》)
郝翁,名允博,是博陵人。年轻时代替兄长长征河朔地区,不堪忍受劳役,便逃走了。一个月夜在山间行走,非常疲惫,在一棵树下休息。忽然有一只长着大羽毛的禽鸟飞落停在他上面,仔细一看,是一位身穿黄衣的道士。郝允拱手乞求怜悯。道士问:“你是郝允吗?”于是传授给他医术。后来迁居郑圃,世代以神医闻名。远近的人依靠他得以存活四十多年,并非所有生病的人都能被他治好。大概是因为他的医术精良可信,如果遇到不可治的病,一定事先告知病人,即使死了也没有遗憾。对于脉诊,不仅知道已发生的疾病,还能预知未发生的疾病以及死亡的日期。近的顷刻之间,远的几年到几月,到了那个时辰都丝毫不差。每年常观察测定天地的六元五运,考察四方的疾病,提前告诉人们,也从未失误。皇祐年间,郝翁去世,张峋之子张坚为他写了墓志铭。文中提到夏英公患病腹泻,太医们都认为是中气虚弱。郝翁说:“风邪客居于胃就会引起腹泻,这大概是附子粳米汤证吧。”夏英公害怕地说:“我服用了无数金石类药物,腹泻不止,怎么敢喝附子粳米汤呢?”郝翁强行进献此汤,腹泻随即停止。(出自《邵氏闻见录》)
The Crown Prince of Guo was critically ill. Bian Que said, "The Crown Prince suffers from 'Shi Jue' (Corpse-like Coma). This occurs when Yang Qi enters the Yin aspect, disturbing the Stomach, winding around the collaterals, penetrating the meridians and their connecting networks, and descending to affect the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) and Bladder. Consequently, the Yang pulses descend while the Yin pulses ascend in contention, causing Qi obstruction and blockage. Yin rises while Yang circulates internally; below, Yang Qi surges but cannot rise, and above, Yang Qi is severed and cannot function. There are severing Yang collaterals above and breaking Yin fine vessels below. With these signs of broken Yin and severed Yang, the pulse becomes chaotic, and the body remains still as if dead. However, the Crown Prince is not truly dead. If Yang enters Yin and obstructs the Zang organs, there is life; if Yin enters Yang and obstructs the Zang organs, there is death. All these events are sudden manifestations of violent disruption of the Five Zang Qi. Skilled physicians can handle this correctly, whereas incompetent ones will hesitate and doubt. Bian Que then instructed his disciple Zi Yang to sharpen needles and stones to puncture the 'Waihui' acupoints (External Three Yang Five Convergences, referring to acupoints on the head like Baihui). After a short while, the Crown Prince revived. Then, he instructed another disciple, Zi Bao, to prepare a 'Five-Part Moxibustion/Warming' paste, mixing it with the 'Eight-Reduction Formula', boiling it, and applying alternating compresses to both hypochondriac regions of the Crown Prince. The Crown Prince was able to sit up. By regulating the balance of Yin and Yang and taking only herbal decoctions for twenty days, he fully recovered. Thus, the world regarded Bian Que as one who could bring the dead back to life. Bian Que said, 'I, Yue Ren, cannot bring the dead back to life. Those who recover were destined to live; I merely facilitated their revival.' (From *Records of the Grand Historian*)
The wife of General Li was severely ill. Hua Tuo examined her pulse and said, "This is due to pregnancy shock with a retained dead fetus." The General replied, "It is known that she suffered pregnancy shock, but the fetus has already been delivered." Hua Tuo said, "According to the pulse, the fetus has not been expelled." The General disagreed. After Hua Tuo left, the woman's condition improved slightly. Over a hundred days later, the symptoms recurred, and she summoned Hua Tuo again. Hua Tuo said, "This pulse pattern is recorded in ancient texts: prior to birth, twins should have been delivered. One child was born first but died from excessive hemorrhage; the second did not survive birth. The mother was unaware, and bystanders did not notice, so no assistance was provided, resulting in the failure to deliver. The blood vessels of the dead fetus could not return to normal circulation and must have dried out and adhered to the mother's spine, causing frequent spinal pain. Now, we must administer a herbal decoction and apply acupuncture at one point; the dead fetus will surely be expelled." After the decoction and acupuncture were applied, the woman experienced urgent pain, feeling as though she were in labor. Hua Tuo said, "This dead fetus has been dry and withered for a long time and cannot be expelled naturally. Someone must manually explore and retrieve it." Indeed, a dead male infant was retrieved, with complete limbs, black in color, and about one chi in length. Hua Tuo's extraordinary skills were of such nature. (From *Book of Wei*, *Records of the Three Kingdoms*)
Hao Weng, whose name was Yunbo, was from Boling. In his youth, he served in place of his elder brother on long campaigns in the He-Shuo region. Unable to endure the hardships, he fled. One moonlit night, while walking through the mountains, he became extremely exhausted and rested under a tree. Suddenly, a large feathered bird flew down and landed on him. Looking closely, he saw a Daoist priest wearing yellow robes. Hao Yun bowed and begged for mercy. The priest asked, "Are you Hao Yun?" He then transmitted medical arts to him. Later, Hao moved to Zhengpu and became famous as a divine physician for generations. People from near and far relied on him to survive for over forty years. Not every sick person could be cured by him; rather, his medical skills were excellent and trustworthy. For cases deemed incurable, he would inform the patient beforehand, so that even upon death, there would be no regret. Regarding pulse diagnosis, he not only knew existing diseases but could also predict future illnesses and the exact timing of death. For nearby matters, he predicted within moments; for distant matters, within months or years, never missing the specific hour. Each year, he observed and calculated the Six Yuan and Five Movements of Heaven and Earth, investigated diseases in all directions, and warned people in advance without error. During the Huangyou era, Hao Weng passed away. Zhang Xun's son, Zhang Jian, wrote his tomb inscription. It mentions that Duke Xia Ying suffered from diarrhea. Imperial physicians attributed it to deficiency of the Middle Jiao. Hao Weng said, "When Wind pathogen lodges in the Stomach, it causes diarrhea. This is likely a Fuzi Jingmi Tang (Aconite and Coix Seed Decoction) syndrome." Duke Xia Ying exclaimed in alarm, "I have taken countless mineral-based medicines, yet the diarrhea persists. How dare I drink Fuzi Jingmi Tang?" Hao Weng insisted on administering the decoction, and the diarrhea ceased immediately. (From *Shaoshi Wenjian Lu*)