张文潜粥记赠潘 老张安道每晨起食粥一大碗空腹胃虚谷气便作所补不细又极柔腻与肠
腑相得
最为饮食之良妙齐和尚说山中僧每将旦一粥甚系利害如或不食则终日觉脏腑燥渴盖能畅胃气
生津液也今劝人每日食粥以为养生之要必大笑大抵养生性命求安乐亦无深远难知之事正在寝
食之间耳或者读之果笑丈潜之说然予观史记阳虚侯相赵章病太仓公诊其脉曰法五日死后十日
乃死所以过期者其人嗜粥故中脏实故过期师言曰安谷者过期不安谷者不过期由是观之则文潜
之言又似有症后又见东坡一帖云夜饥甚吴子野劝食白粥云能推陈致新利膈养胃僧家五更食粥
良有以也粥既快美粥后一觉尤不可说尤不可说
五味养形过则致病故多食咸则凝泣而变色多食苦则皮槁而发拔多食酸则肉 皱而唇揭多
食甘则骨痛而发落多食辛则筋急而爪枯(本事方)
有术勿食桃李及雀肉胡荽大蒜青鱼 等物有藜芦勿食狸肉有巴豆勿食芦笋羹及野猪肉有
黄连桔
梗勿食猪肉有地黄勿食芜荑有半夏菖蒲勿食饴糖及羊肉有细辛勿食生菜有甘草勿食菘菜又云
勿食海藻有牡丹勿食生胡荽有商陆勿食犬肉有怕山勿食生葱生菜有空青朱砂勿食生血有茯苓
勿食醋物有鳖甲勿食苋菜有天门冬勿食鲤鱼服药不可多食胡荽及蒜杂生菜又不可食诸滑物果实
等又不可多食肥猪犬肉油腻肥羹鱼 腥臊等物服药通忌见死尸及产妇厌秽事(本草)
张文潜撰写《粥记》赠予潘老：张安道先生每天早晨起床后吃一大碗粥，空腹时胃气虚弱，谷物之气随即产生，其补益作用不小。而且粥极其柔滑细腻，与肠胃相协调，是最为良好的饮食。齐和尚说，山中的僧人每当天将亮时喝一碗粥，这关系非常重大，如果不喝，就会觉得整天脏腑干燥口渴。大概是因为粥能通畅胃气、生津液。现在劝人每天喝粥，作为养生的关键，人们一定会大笑。大抵养生保命、寻求安乐，并没有深远难懂的事情，正在于睡眠和饮食之间罢了。有人读了之后果然嘲笑张文潜的说法。然而我观察《史记》，阳虚侯的丞相赵章生病，太仓公诊察他的脉象说：“按照常规是五天后死亡，结果过了十天才死。”之所以超过期限，是因为这个人喜欢吃粥，所以中脏充实，因此超过了预定的期限。老师曾说：“能进食谷气的能超过预期存活时间，不能进食谷气的则不能。”由此看来，张文潜的说法似乎有验证。后来又看到苏东坡的一封信，信中说夜里饥饿得很厉害，吴子野劝他吃白粥，说能推陈出新、利膈养胃。僧人在五更天喝粥，确实是有道理的。粥既美味可口，喝完粥后的一阵睡意更是妙不可言，妙不可言。
五味滋养形体，但过量则会致病。所以多吃咸味食物会使血液凝滞而面色改变；多吃苦味皮肤干枯而毛发脱落；多吃酸味肌肉收缩而嘴唇干裂；多吃甜味骨头疼痛而头发掉落；多吃辛味筋脉拘急而指甲枯槁。（出自《本事方》）
养生方记载：没有鳃的鱼不可食用，吃了会让人在五月患癞病（出自《巢氏病源》）。
服用术类药物时，不要食用桃李、雀肉、胡荽、大蒜、青鱼等食物；服用藜芦时，不要食用狸肉；服用巴豆时，不要食用芦笋羹及野猪肉；服用黄连、桔梗时，不要食用猪肉；服用地黄时，不要食用芜荑；服用半夏、菖蒲时，不要食用饴糖及羊肉；服用细辛时，不要食用生菜；服用甘草时，不要食用菘菜（白菜）。又说：不要食用海藻配牡丹；不要食用生胡荽配商陆；不要食用犬肉配怕山（注：疑为某药名或误字，此处保留原意）；不要食用生葱、生菜配空青、朱砂；不要食用生血配茯苓；不要食用醋类食物配鳖甲；不要食用苋菜配天门冬；不要食用鲤鱼。服药期间不可多食胡荽及蒜、杂生菜，也不可食用各种滑腻之物、果实等，也不可不食肥猪、犬肉、油腻浓汤、鱼腥臊臭等物。服药期间普遍忌讳见到死尸及产妇等污秽之事。（出自《本草》）
Zhang Wenqian wrote "Record of Porridge" as a gift to Pan Lao: Mr. Zhang Andao ate a large bowl of porridge every morning after rising. When the stomach is empty and weak, the qi of grains arises, providing considerable nourishment. Moreover, porridge is extremely soft and smooth, harmonizing well with the intestines and stomach, making it an excellent dietary choice. Monk Qi said that monks in the mountains drink a bowl of porridge at dawn; this is of great importance. If they do not drink it, they feel dryness and thirst in their internal organs all day. This is because porridge can unblock stomach qi and generate body fluids. Now, advising people to eat porridge daily as a key to health preservation would likely cause laughter. Generally speaking, preserving life and seeking peace and comfort involves no profound or difficult matters; it lies precisely between sleep and diet. Some people laughed at Zhang Wenqian's words after reading them. However, I observed in the *Records of the Grand Historian* (*Shiji*) that Zhao Zhang, Chancellor of Yangxu Marquis, fell ill. The Grand Granary Doctor (Tai Cang Gong) diagnosed his pulse and said, "According to the method, he should die in five days, but he died after ten days." The reason for exceeding the period was that he liked eating porridge, so his central zang organs were solid, thus extending his life. The master said, "Those who can digest grain will exceed the expected time; those who cannot will not." From this, Zhang Wenqian's words seem to be verified. Later, I saw a letter from Su Dongpo, which stated that when he was very hungry at night, Wu Ziye advised him to eat white porridge, saying it could eliminate stale matter and promote new generation, benefit the diaphragm, and nourish the stomach. It is indeed reasonable for monks to eat porridge at the fifth watch (early morning). Porridge is delicious, and the drowsiness after eating it is indescribably good, indescribably good.
The five flavors nourish the form, but excess causes disease. Therefore, excessive consumption of salty food causes blood coagulation and changes in complexion; excessive consumption of bitter food causes dry skin and hair loss; excessive consumption of sour food causes muscle contraction and cracked lips; excessive consumption of sweet food causes bone pain and hair loss; excessive consumption of pungent food causes tendon stiffness and brittle nails. (From *Benshi Fang*)
For those who drink alcohol, if liver qi is weak, the face turns blue; if heart qi is weak, the face turns red.
Health preservation formulas state: Fish without gills should not be eaten, as doing so causes leprosy-like diseases in the fifth month. (From *Chao Shi Bing Yuan*)
When taking *Atractylodis Rhizoma* (Zhu), do not consume peaches, plums, sparrow meat, Coriandri Herba (Hushu), garlic, or green fish. When taking *Veratrum Nigrum* (Lilu), do not consume civet cat meat. When taking *Crotonis Fructus* (Badou), do not consume asparagus soup or wild boar meat. When taking *Coptidis Rhizoma* (Huanglian) and *Platycodonis Radix* (Jiegeng), do not consume pork. When taking *Rehmanniae Radix* (Dihuang), do not consume *Mume Fructus* (Wuyi). When taking *Pinelliae Rhizoma* (Banxia) and *Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma* (Changpu), do not consume malt sugar (Yitang) or mutton. When taking *Asari Radix* (Xixin), do not consume raw vegetables. When taking *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (Gancao), do not consume Chinese cabbage (Songcai). It is also said: Do not consume *Sargassum* (Haizao) with *Paeonia suffruticosa* (Mudan); do not consume raw *Coriandrum sativum* (Hushu) with *Phytolaccae Radix* (Shanglu); do not consume dog meat with Pa Shan (likely a textual error or specific herb name); do not consume raw scallions and raw vegetables with *Azurolite* (Kongqing) and *Cinnabaris* (Zhusha); do not consume raw blood with *Poria* (Fuling); do not consume vinegar products with *Trionycis Carapax et Plastrum* (Biejia); do not consume amaranth with *Asparagi Radix* (Tianmendong); do not consume carp. During medication, one should not consume excessive amounts of coriander, garlic, mixed raw vegetables, nor various slippery substances, fruits, fatty pork, dog meat, greasy rich soups, or fishy/foul-smelling foods. Generally, during medication, one must avoid seeing corpses, parturient women, and other unclean matters. (From *Bencao*)