吴子野云芡实盖温平耳本不能大益人然俗谓之水硫黄何也人之食芡也必枚啮而细嚼之未
有多
嘬而亟咽者也舌颊唇齿终日嗫嚅而芡无五味腴而不腻是以致玉池之水故食芡者能使人华液通
流转相揖注积其力虽过乳石可也以此知人能澹食而徐饱者当有大益吾在黄岗中见牧羊者必驱
之瘠土云草短而有味羊得细嚼则肥而无疾羊犹尔况人乎(良方)
太素经曰一面之上两手常摩拭使热令人光泽皱斑不生先摩切两掌令热以拭两目
又顺手摩发理栉之状两臂更互以手摩之发不白脉不浮外
无锡游氏子少年耽于酒色旋得疾久而弗愈势危甚忽语家人曰常见两女子服饰华丽其长财
三四
寸每缘吾足而行冉冉至腰而没家人以为妖祟他日名医自远而至诸游或以扣之医曰此盖肾神也
肾气绝则神不守舍故病者见之(癸志)
心之神发乎目则谓之视肾之神发乎耳则谓之听肝之精发乎鼻则谓之嗅胆之魄发乎口则谓
之言故妄视则伤心妄听则伤肾妄嗅则伤肝妄言则伤胆
精者神之本气者神之主形者气之宅故神大用则歇精大用则竭气大劳则绝
魏志曰吴普常问道于华佗佗谓普曰人体欲得动摇但不当使极耳如动摇则谷气易消血脉流
通病不得生譬犹户枢不蠹流水不腐以其常动故也(史记)
士大夫服丹砂死者前后固不一余所目击林彦振平日充实饮啖兼人居吴下每以强壮自夸有
医周
公辅言得宋道方丹砂秘术可延年而无后害道方拱州良医也彦振信之服三年疽发于脑始见发际
如粟越两日须颔与胸背略平十日死方疾亟时医使人以帛渍所溃脓血濯之水中澄其下略有丹砂
盖
积于中与毒俱出也谢任伯平日闻人畜伏丹砂不问其方必求之服唯恐尽去岁亦发脑疽有人与之
语见其疾将作俄顷间形神顿异而任伯犹未知觉既觉如风雨经夕死十年间亲见此二人可以为戒
矣(石林老人避暑录)
吴子野说：芡实不过是性味温和平和罢了，本来并不能极大地补益人体。然而世俗称之为“水硫黄”，为什么呢？人们吃芡实时，一定是一颗颗地咬、细细地嚼，没有多少人是一口吞下或急促咽下的。舌头、脸颊、嘴唇和牙齿整天都在咀嚼，而芡实没有五味，肥美却不腻人，因此能产生口中的津液（玉池之水）。所以吃芡实能使人津液通畅流转，相互灌注积累，其效力虽然超过乳石类药物，也是可以的。由此可知，人如果能清淡饮食且细嚼慢咽，应当会有很大的益处。我在黄冈时，看见牧羊人一定要把羊赶到贫瘠的土地上，说是草短而有味道，羊得到细细咀嚼就会肥胖而没有疾病。羊尚且如此，何况人呢？（出自《良方》）
《太素经》说：在面部，双手经常摩擦擦拭使其发热，让人面色光泽，皱纹斑点不生。先摩擦双掌使其发热，用来擦拭双眼；又顺着发际线按摩头发，像梳头一样；双臂交替用手按摩，这样头发不会变白，脉象也不会浮越。（出自《太素经》）
无锡游家的儿子年轻时沉迷于酒色，随即患病，久治不愈，病情非常危急。他突然对家人说：“我常常见到两个女子，服饰华丽，身高只有三四寸，每时每刻沿着我的脚行走，缓缓走到腰部就消失了。”家人认为是妖邪作祟。后来一位名医从远方来到，有人向他请教。医生说：“这其实是肾神。肾气断绝，则神不能守舍，所以病人会看到这些景象。”（出自《癸志》）
心的神气表现于眼睛，就称为视；肾的神气表现于耳朵，就称为听；肝的精气表现于鼻子，就称为嗅；胆的魄表现于口，就称为言。所以胡乱看会伤心，胡乱听会伤肾，胡乱闻会伤肝，胡乱说话会伤胆。
远吐唾液损伤气，多吐唾液损伤神，多出汗损伤血，快速行走损伤筋。
精是神的根本，气是神的主宰，形是气的宅舍。所以神过度使用就会疲乏，精过度耗用就会枯竭，气过度劳累就会断绝。
《魏志》记载：吴普经常向华佗问道。华佗对吴普说：“人的身体需要活动，但不应当使身体达到极度疲劳的程度。如果经常活动，那么谷气容易消化，血脉流通，疾病就不会产生。这就好比门轴不转动就会被虫蛀，流水不流动就会腐败，因为经常运动的原因。”（出自《史记》注引或相关史料，此处原文标注为史记，但内容多见于华佗传，依原文标注）
士大夫服用丹砂而死的人前后不止一个。我所亲眼目睹的有林彦振，他平日身体充实，饮食兼人，居住在吴地，常常以强壮自夸。有个叫周公辅的医生告诉他得到了宋道方的丹砂秘术，可以延年益寿且无后患。宋道方是拱州的名医，林彦振相信了他，服用了三年，结果脑部长了疽疮，起初在发际处出现如粟米大小的脓点，过了两天，胡须、下巴与胸背部的皮肤都变得平坦溃烂，十天后死亡。当病情危急时，医生让人用丝绸浸泡溃烂处的脓血，在水中澄清，底部略有丹砂沉淀，大概是药物积聚在体内，随毒一起排出的缘故。谢任伯平时听说有人饲养伏龙肝或收藏丹砂，不问其方剂，必定寻求来服用，唯恐吃得不够多。这一年他也长了脑疽。有人与他交谈，见他的病即将发作，顷刻间形神顿然改变，而谢任伯自己还不知道。等他清醒过来，就像经历了一夜的风雨，第二天晚上死亡。十年来亲眼见到这两个人，可以作为警戒了。（出自石林老人《避暑录话》）
Wu Ziye said: Qianshi (Euryale ferox seed) is merely warm and neutral in nature, and originally cannot greatly benefit the human body. However, it is commonly referred to as "water sulfur" (Shui Liuhuang). Why? When people eat Qianshi, they invariably bite each piece individually and chew it thoroughly; there are few who swallow it in large mouthfuls or hastily. The tongue, cheeks, lips, and teeth chew all day long, yet Qianshi has no strong flavors, is rich but not greasy, thereby generating saliva (Jinye, bodily fluids/saliva). Thus, eating Qianshi enables the smooth circulation and mutual infusion of bodily fluids, accumulating its power; although this effect may surpass that of Ru Shi (mineral drugs like arsenic compounds), it is acceptable. From this, we know that if a person can eat blandly and chew slowly until full, they will derive significant benefits. While in Huanggang, I saw shepherds driving sheep to barren lands, saying that the grass is short but flavorful; when sheep chew it carefully, they become fat and free from disease. If sheep are so affected, how much more so for humans? (From *Liang Fang*)
The *Tai Su Jing* states: On the face, rub and wipe with both hands frequently until warm, making the complexion lustrous and preventing wrinkles and spots. First, rub both palms until hot, then use them to wipe the eyes; next, massage the hair along the hairline as if combing it; alternate massaging both arms with your hands. In this way, hair will not turn white, and the pulse will not float superficially. (From *Tai Su Jing*)
The son of the You family in Wuxi was young and indulged in wine and lust, subsequently falling ill. The illness persisted without cure, becoming critical. He suddenly told his family, "I often see two women dressed splendidly, only three or four cun tall, walking along my feet, rising slowly to my waist before disappearing." His family believed it was a demonic possession. Later, a renowned physician arrived from afar. Someone consulted him. The physician said, "This is actually the Shen (Spirit) of the Kidney. When Kidney Qi is exhausted, the Spirit does not reside within its house, thus the patient sees such visions." (From *Gui Zhi*)
The Spirit of the Heart manifests through the eyes, which is called seeing; the Spirit of the Kidney manifests through the ears, which is called hearing; the Essence of the Liver manifests through the nose, which is called smelling; the Po (Corporeal Soul) of the Gallbladder manifests through the mouth, which is called speaking. Therefore, reckless looking damages the Heart; reckless listening damages the Kidney; reckless smelling damages the Liver; reckless speaking damages the Gallbladder.
Spitting saliva far away depletes Qi; excessive spitting depletes Shen; excessive sweating depletes Blood; rapid walking damages the Tendons.
Essence is the root of Shen; Qi is the master of Shen; Form is the residence of Qi. Therefore, overuse of Shen leads to fatigue; overuse of Essence leads to exhaustion; overexertion of Qi leads to severance.
The *Wei Zhi* records: Wu Pu often sought guidance from Hua Tuo. Hua Tuo told Wu Pu, "The human body needs movement, but one should not drive it to extremes. If one moves regularly, the Qi from grain digests easily, and blood vessels flow smoothly, preventing disease. This is like a door hinge that does not rot because it is always moving, or running water that does not stagnate, due to constant motion." (From *Shi Ji*)
Scholars and officials who died after taking Dan Sha (Cinnabar) have been numerous. Among those I witnessed personally was Lin Yanzhen. He was robust in daily life, ate more than others, lived in the Wu region, and often boasted of his strength. A doctor named Zhou Gongfu told him he had obtained a secret recipe for Dan Sha from Song Daofang, which could extend life without harmful side effects. Song Daofang was a skilled physician from Gongzhou. Yanzhen believed him and took the medicine for three years. Eventually, a carbuncle developed on his brain/head. Initially, it appeared as millet-sized pustules at the hairline. Two days later, the skin around the beard, chin, chest, and back became flat and ulcerated. He died ten days later. When the condition was critical, the physician instructed someone to soak silk in the pus and blood from the ulcer, clear it in water, and observe sediment at the bottom. There was slight Cinnabar residue, likely accumulated internally and expelled along with the toxin. Xie Renbo, upon hearing that others kept Fu Dan Sha (prepared Cinnabar), regardless of the prescription, would seek it out and take it, fearing he did not take enough. That same year, he also developed a brain carbuncle. Someone conversed with him and saw his illness about to manifest; in an instant, his form and spirit changed drastically, though Renbo himself was unaware. Upon regaining consciousness, he seemed to have endured a night of wind and rain, and died the following evening. Having witnessed these two individuals over ten years, one can take this as a warning. (From Shi Lin Laoren's *Bushu Lu*)