痉病二十方 热病十五方 湿病十五方 暑病三十一方
栝蒌根桂枝汤方（《金匮》方 论具本门前） 栝蒌根（二两） 桂枝（三两） 芍药（三两） 甘草（二两）
生姜（三两） 大枣（十二枚） 上六味，以水九升，煮取三升，分温三服，取微汗。汗不出，食顷，食热粥发之。 按∶
此方原是不欲发汗之意，以夏月纵不得汗。服药亦易透出也。若服此食顷不得汗，当食热粥发之。所以桂枝有汗能止，
无汗能发也。然既以栝蒌根为君，当增之；桂枝为臣，当减之。大约栝蒌根三钱，桂枝一钱五分，芍药二钱，甘草一钱
五分，生姜三片，大枣二枚。无汗发以热粥，连服三剂可也。盖湿持其汗，或兼微受风寒，荣卫不和。设不用此通其荣
卫，则未痉者成痉，已痉者难愈矣。凡用古方，分两当仿此裁酌。
葛根汤方（《金匮》方 论具本门中） 葛根（四两） 桂枝（三两） 麻黄（三两） 芍药（二两） 甘草
（二两） 生姜（三两） 大枣（十二枚） 上七味 咀，以水一斗，先煮麻黄、葛根减三升，去沫，内诸药煮取三升。
温服一升，复取微似汗，不须啜粥。余如桂枝汤方法及禁忌。 按∶此方为夏月伤寒，脉紧发热无汗者而设。仲景云∶
夏月脉洪大者，是其本位。若其人病苦头疼，发热无汗者，须发其汗，亦此意也。然身才有润，便撤其复，勿令汗出为
节可矣。
大承气汤方（《金匮》方 论具本门） 大黄（四两酒洗） 浓朴（半斤炙去皮） 枳实（三枚炙） 芒硝（一
合） 上四味，以水一斗，先煮二味，取五升。去滓，内大黄，煮取二升。去滓，内芒硝，更上火微一二沸。分温再
服，得下止服。 按∶此治痉病之极重难返，死里求生之法。在邪甚而正未大伤者，服此十有九活，所以仲景着之为法
也。
麻黄加独活防风汤（治刚痉） 麻黄（去节） 桂枝（各一两） 芍药（三两） 甘草（半两） 独活 防风
（各一两） 上锉细，每服一两，以水二钟，煎至一钟半，温服。 按∶此方乃后人假托仲景之名而立，以治风湿相搏，
骨节烦疼，无汗而成刚痉者。然无引及服法，殊不精详。当知前葛根汤方内，去葛根加独活、防风，与此无二，但引及
服法详明耳。
海藏神术汤（治内伤冷冻饮料，外感寒邪而无汗者。） 苍术（制） 防风（各二两） 甘草（一两炒） 上 咀。
加葱白、生姜同煎服，如太阳证，发热恶寒，脉浮而紧者，加羌活二钱。太阳脉浮紧中带弦数者，是兼少阳，加柴胡二
钱。太阳脉浮紧带洪者，是兼阳明，加黄芩二钱。妇人加当归，或加木香汤，或加 本汤。如乳吹，煎成调六一散三五
钱。按∶此海藏得意之方也。以治春夏外感寒邪，内伤生冷，发热而无汗者。即痉病亦可用之。盖不欲无识者，轻以麻
黄、桂枝之热伤人也。夫麻黄、桂枝，遇湿热时令，原不敢轻用。即有宜用之证，十中不过一二而已。昌明仲景，不得
不表扬海藏之功。
海藏白术汤（治内伤冷物，外感风寒有汗者。） 白术（三两） 防风（二两） 甘草（一两炙） 上 咀，
每服三钱，水一盏，姜三片，煎至七分，温服，一日止用一二服。待二三日，渐渐汗少为解。 按∶二术最能行湿，夏
月分有汗无汗用之，所以为神。
海藏白术汤加药法（上解三阳，下安太阴。） 白术（如欲汗之换用苍术） 防风（各一两） 上 咀，水煎
至七分，温服。若发热引饮者，加黄芩、甘草。若头疼恶风者，加羌活散，羌活一钱五分、川芎七分五厘、细辛五分是
也。若身热目痛者，加石膏汤，石膏二钱半、知母八分、白芷一钱是也。腹中痛者，加芍药汤，芍药二钱、桂枝一钱是
也。往来寒热而呕者，加柴胡散，柴胡二钱、半夏一钱是也。心下痞者，加枳实一钱。若有里证，加大黄一钱。量虚实
加减之，邪去止服。三方总称神术，所称上解三阳，下安太阴，纵未必然。而太阴脾恶湿者也，夏月预清其湿，俾不与
热邪相合，其得力不亦多乎。
海藏桂枝葛根汤 治伤寒项背强，及有汗不恶风柔痉，即仲景葛根汤去麻黄也。若无汗之刚痉，又必用麻黄矣。
可见麻黄、桂枝，夏月原有不得不用之病。盖邪在太阳，通其荣卫，则外受之邪，有出无入，其所全不更大乎。但未可
执为常法耳，学人参之。
海藏桂枝加川芎防风汤 治发热，自汗而不恶寒者，名曰柔痉。即仲景葛根汤去麻黄、葛根，加川芎、防风也。
海藏柴胡加防风汤 治汗后不解，乍静乍躁，目直视，口噤，往来寒热，脉弦，此少阳风痉。 柴胡 防风（各
一两） 半夏（制六钱） 人参 黄芩（各五钱） 生姜 甘草（各六钱五分） 大枣（三枚） 每服一两，水三盏，
煎一盏半，去渣温服。
海藏防风当归汤 治发汗过多，发热，头面摇动，口噤，背反张者，太阳兼阳明也，宜去风养血。 防风 当
归川芎 地黄（各一两） 每服一两，水三盏，煎至二盏温服。 按∶痉病，本太阳经病。太阳日久，势必传遍六经，
然必兼乎太阳。二方治太阳兼少阳，太阳兼阳明，论证颇详，超越寻常万万。惜其于三阴之痉，独详太阴，连出五方，
似欲推及少阴、厥阴而未明言。观其后三方项下云∶手足厥冷，筋脉拘急，意可识矣。然终是三阴混同立治，未有精详，
且三阴经既有阴痉矣，又岂无阳痉耶。此等处，合《尚论篇》三阴经细参。自为得师可矣。
海藏八物白术散 治伤寒阴痉三日，面肿，手足厥冷，筋脉拘急，汗不出，恐阴气内伤。 白术 茯苓 五味
子（各半两） 桂心（三分） 麻黄（半两） 良姜（三分） 羌活（半两） 附子（三分） 每服四钱，水一大盏，
姜五片，同煎至五分，去渣，温服无时。按∶此方乃太阳兼三阴之证治也。
海藏桂枝加芍药防风防己汤 治发热脉沉而细者，附太阴也，必腹痛。 桂枝（一两半） 防风 防己（各一
两） 芍药（二两） 生姜（一两半） 大枣（六枚） 每服一两，水三盏，煎至一盏半，去渣温服。亦宜服小续命汤。
按∶脉沉而细，未是太阳确证，少阴亦有发热者，服此方。及小续命汤，恐有不对。
海藏附子散 治伤寒阴痉，手足厥冷，筋脉拘急，汗出不止，头项强直，头摇口噤。 桂心（三钱） 附子（一
两炮） 白术（一两） 川芎（三钱） 独活（半两） 每服三钱，水一盏，枣一枚，煎至五分，去渣温服。
海藏桂心白术汤 治伤寒阴痉，手足厥冷，筋脉拘急，汗出不止。 白术 防风 甘草 桂心 川芎 附子（各
等分） 每服五钱，水二钟，生姜五片，枣二枚，同煎至七分，去渣温服。
海藏附子防风散 治伤寒阴痉，闭目合面，手足厥逆，筋脉拘急，汗出不止。 白术（一两） 防风 甘草 茯
苓附子 干姜（各七钱五分） 柴胡 五味（各一两） 桂心（半两） 每服三钱，生姜四片，同煎，去渣温服。 按∶
三方俱用白术在内，原为太阴而设。然俱云汗出不止，则阳亡于外，津亡于内，方中每兼表散，何耶？况筋脉拘急，全
赖阳气以柔和之，阴津以灌润之，方中两不相照，殊有未到也。
羚羊角散（此四方，别选精益。） 治伤寒阳痉，身热无汗恶寒，头项强直，四肢疼痛，烦躁心悸，睡卧不得。
羚羊角（屑） 犀角（屑） 防风 茯神 柴胡 麦门冬 人参 葛根 枳壳 甘草（炙各二钱五分） 石膏 龙齿（各
五钱） 上 咀，每服五钱，水一钟，煎至五分，去渣温服，不拘时。 按∶此方治阳痉，深得清解之法。
麦门冬散 治伤寒阳痉，身体壮热，项背强直，心膈烦躁，发热恶寒，头面赤色，四肢疼痛。 麦门冬 地骨
皮麻黄（去节） 赤茯苓（去皮） 知母 黄芩 赤芍药 白藓皮 杏仁（麸炒去皮尖） 甘草（炙） 犀角屑（各
七分半） 上 咀，每服五钱，水一大盏，煎至五分，去渣温服，不拘时。 按∶此方径用麻黄，不用防、柴、葛、枳，
其意更深。但羚角、石膏，似不可少。
石膏散 治伤寒阳痉，通身壮热，目眩头痛。 石膏（二两） 秦艽（去土） 龙齿（各一两另研） 犀角屑
前胡（各半两） 上 咀，每服五钱，水一大盏，入豆豉五十粒，葱白七茎，同煎至五分。去渣，入牛黄末一字，搅令
匀，温服不拘时。 按∶三方俱用龙齿之涩，似有未当。余药则各极其妙，此方用豆豉、葱白作引，调入牛黄末，更妙。
牛黄散 治伤寒阳痉，发热恶寒，头项强直，四肢拘急，心神烦躁。 牛黄（另研） 麝香（另研） 犀角屑
朱砂（水飞） 人参 赤茯苓 防风 芎 甘草 麦门冬 桂心 地骨皮 天麻（各二钱半） 上为细末研匀，每服
二钱，竹沥调下，不拘时。 按∶发热恶寒之证，邪在经络。此一方，直攻神明，何耶？即谓邪入心胞，用犀、羚、牛
黄足矣。何并朱砂、麝香而用之，毋乃开门延寇乎？
海藏愈风汤（一名举卿古拜饮） 治一切失血，筋脉紧急，产后与汗后搐搦。 荆芥（为细末） 先以炒大豆
黄卷，以酒沃之，去黄卷，取清汁调前末三五钱，和渣服之。轻者一服，重者二三服即止。气虚者，忌服。童便调亦可。
按∶此海藏治风入血分之方，与痉病无涉。然而《金匮》有垂戒二条云，夫风病下之则痉，复发汗必拘急；又云疮家虽
身疼痛，不可发汗，汗出则痉。设使不发汗，但用此方治之，亦何遽成痉病耶？盖邪风从虚而入，补则补其邪，汗则伤
其正。惟先服此出其风，随即补之，乃为要诀耳。以上治痉。
人参泻肺汤（治热十五方） 治肺经积热，上喘咳嗽，胸膈胀满，痰多大便涩。 人参 黄芩 栀子仁 枳壳
（炒） 薄荷 甘草 连翘 杏仁（去皮尖） 桑白皮 大黄 桔梗（各等分） 每服七钱，水二盏，煎八分，食后通
口服。 按∶人参肺热反能伤肺。此清肺经积热，以人参泻肺立名，可见泻其肺热，必不可伤其肺气也。况人参之温，
以一味清凉，监之有余。如此大队寒下之药，不推之为君，其敢用乎？
天门冬散 治肺壅脑热，鼻干，大便秘涩。 天门冬（去心） 桑白皮 升麻 大黄 枳壳（麸炒） 甘草（各
八分） 荆芥（一钱） 水二盏，煎八分，食后温服。 按∶此方药味，较前少减。然用升麻，且升且降，以散上焦壅
热，可取。
半夏汤 治胆热，精神不守。 半夏曲 黄芩 干姜（炮） 远志（去心） 茯苓 生地黄（各八分） 黍米
（一合） 酸枣仁（微炒研八分） 长流水二盏，煎八分，食后温服。 按∶此方虽曰治胆热，尚有未备。如柴胡、人
参、青黛、羚羊角、猪胆汁之属，加入一二味为切。
赤茯苓汤 治膀胱实热，小便不通，口苦舌干，咽肿不利。 赤茯苓 猪苓 葵子 枳实 瞿麦 木通 黄芩
车前 滑石 甘草（各等分） 水二盏，姜三片，煎八分，食前服。 按∶此方不清肺热，颛利小便。且有降无升，上
窍不开，徒开其下，是名霸道，是为劫法，庸医多蹈此。
龙脑鸡苏丸 除烦热，郁热，肺热。咳嗽吐血，鼻衄血崩，消渴惊悸。解酒毒膈热，口臭口疮，清心明目。 薄
荷叶（一两六钱） 生地黄（六钱浸汁） 麦门冬（四钱） 蒲黄（炒） 阿胶（炒各二钱） 黄 （一钱） 人参 木
通（各二钱） 甘草（钱半） 银柴胡（用木通浸二日取汁入膏） 上为末，用蜜三两炼过，后下地黄汁等药，熬成膏，
丸如梧桐子大。每服二十丸，嚼碎汤送下。 按∶此丸两解气分血分之热，有益无损，宜常制用之。
利膈散 治脾肺大热，虚烦上壅，咽喉生疮。 鸡苏叶 荆芥穗 防风 桔梗 牛蒡子（炒） 人参 甘草（各
一两） 上为末，每服二钱，不拘时，沸汤点服。咽痛口疮甚，加僵蚕一两。 按∶此方清上焦热，全用辛凉轻清之气，
不杂苦寒降下之味，其见甚超，较凉膈散更胜。
地黄煎 治积热 地黄汁（四升三合） 茯神 知母（各四两） 葳蕤（四两） 栝蒌根 生姜汁 鲜地骨皮
生麦冬汁 白蜜（各二升） 石膏（八两） 竹沥（三合） 上 咀，以水一斗零二升，先煮诸药取汁三升。去渣，下
竹沥、地黄、麦冬汁，缓火煎四五沸，下蜜姜汁，微火煎至六升。初服四合，日三服，夜一服。加至五七合，四五月作
散服之。 按∶此方生津凉血，制火彻热，兼擅其长，再加人参，乃治虚热之圣方也。
碧雪 治一切积热，咽喉口舌生疮，心中烦躁，咽物妨闷，致咽闭壅塞。及天行时热，发强昏愦。 芒硝 朴
硝硝石 马牙硝 青黛 石膏 寒水石（水研飞） 甘草（各等分） 上将甘草煎汤二升。去渣，却入诸药再煎，用
柳木棍不住手搅，令消溶得所，却入青黛和匀，倾入砂盆内候冷，结凝成霜，研为细末。每用少许，含化津咽，不拘时
候。如觉喉壅闭塞，不能吞物者，即以小竹筒，吹药入喉中，即愈。 按∶此方仿紫雪之制，而不用黄芩、犀、羚等贵
重之药，亦为简便。
栝蒌根桂枝汤方（出自《金匮要略》，详细论述见本门之前）：栝蒌根（二两）、桂枝（三两）、芍药（三两）、甘草（二两）、生姜（三两）、大枣（十二枚）。以上六味药，用水九升，煮取三升，分三次温服，以微微出汗为度。如果服药后不出汗，过一会儿，喝热粥来助发汗。按语：此方原本意在不发大汗，因为夏季即使不能出汗，服药也容易透出药力。如果服用此药过了一会儿仍不出汗，应当喝热粥来发汗。这就是为什么桂枝在有汗时能止汗，在无汗时能发汗的原因。然而既然以栝蒌根为君药，应当增加其用量；桂枝为臣药，应当减少其用量。大约栝蒌根用三钱，桂枝一钱五分，芍药二钱，甘草一钱五分，生姜三片，大枣二枚。无汗时用热粥发汗，连续服用三剂即可。这是因为湿气束缚着汗液，或者兼有轻微的风寒侵袭，导致营卫不和。如果不使用此方疏通营卫，那么未发生痉病的人就会变成痉病，已经患痉病的人也难以痊愈。凡是使用古方，剂量都应当参照此法进行裁量调整。
葛根汤方（出自《金匮要略》，详细论述见本门之中）：葛根（四两）、桂枝（三两）、麻黄（三两）、芍药（二两）、甘草（二两）、生姜（三两）、大枣（十二枚）。以上七味药，切碎，用水一斗，先煮麻黄、葛根，水量减少三升，撇去浮沫，加入其他药物，煮取三升。温服一升，再取微微似有汗出的效果，不需要喝粥。其余如桂枝汤的服用方法及禁忌事项相同。按语：此方是为夏季伤寒，脉象紧、发热、无汗的患者而设。张仲景说：夏季脉象洪大，是其本位常态。如果病人头痛、发热、无汗，必须发汗，也是这个意思。然而身体刚刚湿润，就应撤去覆盖物，以不让大汗淋漓为节制即可。
大承气汤方（出自《金匮要略》，详细论述见本门）：大黄（四两，酒洗）、浓朴（半斤，炙烤去皮）、枳实（三枚，炙烤）、芒硝（一合）。以上四味药，用水一斗，先煮前两种药（指浓朴、枳实），取五升。滤去药渣，加入大黄，煮取二升。滤去药渣，加入芒硝，再次上火微沸一二下。分两次温服，得到通便效果即停止服用。按语：这是治疗痉病极重难返、在死里求生的一种方法。对于邪气盛而正气未受严重损伤的患者，服用此方十次有九次能活，所以张仲景将其列为法则。
麻黄加独活防风汤（治疗刚痉）：麻黄（去节）、桂枝（各一两）、芍药（三两）、甘草（半两）、独活、防风（各一两）。以上药材切碎细末，每次服用一两，用水二钟，煎至一钟半，温服。按语：此方是后人假托张仲景之名而立，用于治疗风湿相搏，骨节烦痛，无汗而成刚痉的情况。然而没有引用来源及详细的服用方法，非常不精详。应当知道在前面的葛根汤方中，去掉葛根加上独活、防风，与此方没有区别，只是引用和服用方法详尽明确罢了。
海藏神术汤（治疗内伤冷冻饮料，外感寒邪而无汗者。）：苍术（制）、防风（各二两）、甘草（一两，炒）。以上切碎。加葱白、生姜同煎服。如果是太阳证，发热恶寒，脉浮而紧的，加羌活二钱。太阳脉浮紧中带弦数的，是兼少阳证，加柴胡二钱。太阳脉浮紧带洪大的，是兼阳明证，加黄芩二钱。妇人加当归，或加木香汤，或加藁本汤。如果是乳吹（乳腺炎），煎好后调六一散三五钱。按语：这是张元素（号海藏）得意的方子。用于治疗春夏季节外感寒邪，内伤生冷，发热而无汗的情况。即使是痉病也可以用。大概是怕没有见识的人，轻易用麻黄、桂枝的热性伤害人体。麻黄、桂枝，遇到湿热时令，本来就不敢轻用。即使有适宜使用的证候，十人中不过一二而已。我阐明张仲景的宗旨，不得不表扬张元素（海藏）的功劳。
海藏白术汤（治疗内伤冷物，外感风寒有汗者。）：白术（三两）、防风（二两）、甘草（一两，炙）。以上切碎，每次服用三钱，水一盏，姜三片，煎至七分，温服，一天只用一到二次。等到二三天，渐渐汗少即为病解。按语：二术（苍术、白术）最能行湿，夏季分有汗无汗使用它，所以称为神效。
海藏白术汤加药法（上解三阳，下安太阴。）：白术（如果想发汗则换用苍术）、防风（各一两）。以上切碎，水煎至七分，温服。如果发热想喝水的，加黄芩、甘草。如果头疼恶风的，加羌活散，即羌活一钱五分、川芎七分五厘、细辛五分。如果身热目痛的，加石膏汤，即石膏二钱半、知母八分、白芷一钱。腹中痛的，加芍药汤，即芍药二钱、桂枝一钱。往来寒热且呕吐的，加柴胡散，即柴胡二钱、半夏一钱。心下痞满的，加枳实一钱。如果有里证，加大黄一钱。根据虚实加减，邪气去除即停服。三方总称神术，所称“上解三阳，下安太阴”，虽然未必完全如此。但太阴脾脏厌恶湿气，夏季预先清除湿气，使其不与热邪相合，其功效不是很大吗？
海藏桂枝葛根汤 治疗伤寒项背强直，以及有汗不恶风的柔痉，即张仲景葛根汤去掉麻黄。如果没有汗的刚痉，又必须用麻黄了。可见麻黄、桂枝，夏季原来也有不得不用之病。大概邪气在太阳经，疏通其营卫，那么外受的邪气，只有出去没有进来，所保全的不是更大吗？只是不可以固执地作为常规法则罢了，学习的人要仔细参悟。
海藏桂枝加川芎防风汤 治疗发热，自汗而不恶寒的，名叫柔痉。即张仲景葛根汤去掉麻黄、葛根，加上川芎、防风。
海藏柴胡加防风汤 治疗发汗后病不解，乍静乍躁，眼睛直视，口噤不开，往来寒热，脉弦，这是少阳风痉。柴胡、防风（各一两）、半夏（制六钱）、人参、黄芩（各五钱）、生姜、甘草（各六钱五分）、大枣（三枚）。每次服用一两，水三盏，煎一盏半，去渣温服。
海藏防风当归汤 治疗发汗过多，发热，头面摇动，口噤，背反张的，是太阳兼阳明证，宜祛风养血。防风、当归、川芎、地黄（各一两）。每次服用一两，水三盏，煎至二盏温服。按语：痉病，本是太阳经病。太阳日久，势必传遍六经，然而必兼乎太阳。这两方治疗太阳兼少阳，太阳兼阳明，论证颇为详细，超越寻常万万倍。可惜它们对三阴经的痉病，唯独详细论述太阴，连出五方，似乎想推及少阴、厥阴而未明言。看其后三方项下说：“手足厥冷，筋脉拘急”，意思可以识别了。然而终究是三阴经混同立治，没有精详，况且三阴经既有阴痉了，难道就没有阳痉吗？这些地方，结合《尚论篇》三阴经仔细参悟。自然能得到师法精髓。
海藏八物白术散 治疗伤寒阴痉三日，面肿，手足厥冷，筋脉拘急，汗不出，恐怕阴气内伤。白术、茯苓、五味子（各半两）、桂心（三分）、麻黄（半两）、良姜（三分）、羌活（半两）、附子（三分）。每次服用四钱，水一大盏，姜五片，同煎至五分，去渣，随时温服。按语：此方是太阳兼三阴证的治法。
海藏桂枝加芍药防风防己汤 治疗发热脉沉而细的，附属于太阴，必定腹痛。桂枝（一两半）、防风、防己（各一两）、芍药（二两）、生姜（一两半）、大枣（六枚）。每次服用一两，水三盏，煎至一盏半，去渣温服。也适宜服用小续命汤。按语：脉沉而细，不是太阳的确切证据，少阴也有发热的，服用此方及小续命汤，恐怕不对症。
海藏附子散 治疗伤寒阴痉，手足厥冷，筋脉拘急，汗出不止，头项强直，头摇口噤。桂心（三钱）、附子（一两，炮）、白术（一两）、川芎（三钱）、独活（半两）。每次服用三钱，水一盏，枣一枚，煎至五分，去渣温服。
海藏桂心白术汤 治疗伤寒阴痉，手足厥冷，筋脉拘急，汗出不止。白术、防风、甘草、桂心、川芎、附子（各等分）。每次服用五钱，水二钟，生姜五片，枣二枚，同煎至七分，去渣温服。
海藏附子防风散 治疗伤寒阴痉，闭目合面，手足厥逆，筋脉拘急，汗出不止。白术（一两）、防风、甘草、茯苓、附子、干姜（各七钱五分）、柴胡、五味子（各一两）、桂心（半两）。每次服用三钱，生姜四片，同煎，去渣温服。按语：这三方都用白术在内，原本是为太阴而设。然而都说汗出不止，则是阳气亡于外，津液亡于内，方中每兼表散，为什么呢？况且筋脉拘急，全靠阳气来柔和它，阴津来灌润它，方中两者互不照应，确实有不到之处。
羚羊角散（这四四方，另外精选精良。）治疗伤寒阳痉，身热无汗恶寒，头项强直，四肢疼痛，烦躁心悸，睡卧不得。羚羊角（屑）、犀角（屑）、防风、茯神、柴胡、麦门冬、人参、葛根、枳壳、甘草（炙各二钱五分）、石膏、龙齿（各五钱）。以上切碎，每次服用五钱，水一钟，煎至五分，去渣温服，不拘时候。按语：此方治疗阳痉，深得清解之法。
麦门冬散 治疗伤寒阳痉，身体壮热，项背强直，心膈烦躁，发热恶寒，头面赤色，四肢疼痛。麦门冬、地骨皮、麻黄（去节）、赤茯苓（去皮）、知母、黄芩、赤芍药、白藓皮、杏仁（麸炒去皮尖）、甘草（炙）、犀角屑（各七分半）。以上切碎，每次服用五钱，水一大盏，煎至五分，去渣温服，不拘时候。按语：此方径用麻黄，不用防风、柴胡、葛根、枳壳，其意更深。但羚角、石膏，似乎不可少。
石膏散 治疗伤寒阳痉，通身壮热，目眩头痛。石膏（二两）、秦艽（去土）、龙齿（各一两另研）、犀角屑、前胡（各半两）。以上切碎，每次服用五钱，水一大盏，入豆豉五十粒，葱白七茎，同煎至五分。去渣，入牛黄末一字，搅令匀，温服不拘时候。按语：三方都用龙齿的涩性，似乎不太恰当。其余药物则各极其妙，此方用豆豉、葱白作引，调入牛黄末，更妙。
牛黄散 治疗伤寒阳痉，发热恶寒，头项强直，四肢拘急，心神烦躁。牛黄（另研）、麝香（另研）、犀角屑、朱砂（水飞）、人参、赤茯苓、防风、川芎、甘草、麦门冬、桂心、地骨皮、天麻（各二钱半）。以上为细末研匀，每次服用二钱，竹沥调下，不拘时候。按语：发热恶寒的证候，邪在经络。此一方，直攻神明，为什么呢？即使说是邪入心胞，用犀角、羚羊角、牛黄就够了。何必并用朱砂、麝香呢，这难道是开门延寇吗？
海藏愈风汤（一名举卿古拜饮） 治疗一切失血，筋脉紧急，产后与汗后搐搦。荆芥（为细末）。先用炒大豆黄卷，用酒浇淋，去掉黄卷，取清汁调前末三五钱，连同药渣一起服用。轻者一服，重者二三服即止。气虚者，忌服。童便调服也可以。按语：这是张元素治疗风入血分的方子，与痉病无关。然而《金匮要略》有两条告诫说：风病下之则痉，复发汗必拘急；又说疮家虽身疼痛，不可发汗，汗出则痉。假设不发汗，只用此方治疗，怎么会立刻成为痉病呢？大概邪风从虚而入，补则补其邪，汗则伤其正。只有先服此方出其风，随即补之，才是关键秘诀。以上治疗痉病。
人参泻肺汤（治热十五方之一） 治疗肺经积热，上喘咳嗽，胸膈胀满，痰多大便涩。人参、黄芩、栀子仁、枳壳（炒）、薄荷、甘草、连翘、杏仁（去皮尖）、桑白皮、大黄、桔梗（各等分）。每次服用七钱，水二盏，煎八分，食后通口服。按语：人参治肺热反而能伤肺。此方清肺经积热，以人参泻肺立名，可见泻其肺热，必不可伤其肺气也。何况人参的温性，以一味清凉药监制它还有余。像这样大队寒下之药，不推之为君药，谁敢用呢？
天门冬散 治疗肺壅脑热，鼻干，大便秘涩。天门冬（去心）、桑白皮、升麻、大黄、枳壳（麸炒）、甘草（各八分）、荆芥（一钱）。水二盏，煎八分，食后温服。按语：此方药味，较前少减。然而用升麻，且升且降，以散上焦壅热，可取。
半夏汤 治疗胆热，精神不守。半夏曲、黄芩、干姜（炮）、远志（去心）、茯苓、生地黄（各八分）、黍米（一合）、酸枣仁（微炒研八分）。长流水二盏，煎八分，食后温服。按语：此方虽曰治胆热，尚有未备。如柴胡、人参、青黛、羚羊角、猪胆汁之类，加入一二味为切。
赤茯苓汤 治疗膀胱实热，小便不通，口苦舌干，咽肿不利。赤茯苓、猪苓、葵子、枳实、瞿麦、木通、黄芩、车前、滑石、甘草（各等分）。水二盏，姜三片，煎八分，食前服。按语：此方不清肺热，专利小便。且有降无升，上窍不开，徒开其下，是名霸道，是为劫法，庸医多蹈此。
龙脑鸡苏丸 除烦热，郁热，肺热。咳嗽吐血，鼻衄血崩，消渴惊悸。解酒毒膈热，口臭口疮，清心明目。薄荷叶（一两六钱）、生地黄（六钱浸汁）、麦门冬（四钱）、蒲黄（炒）、阿胶（炒各二钱）、黄芪（一钱）、人参、木通（各二钱）、甘草（钱半）、银柴胡（用木通浸二日取汁入膏）。以上为末，用蜜三两炼过，后下地黄汁等药，熬成膏，丸如梧桐子大。每次服用二十丸，嚼碎汤送下。按语：此丸两解气分血分之热，有益无损，宜常制用之。
利膈散 治疗脾肺大热，虚烦上壅，咽喉生疮。鸡苏叶、荆芥穗、防风、桔梗、牛蒡子（炒）、人参、甘草（各一两）。以上为末，每次服用二钱，不拘时候，沸汤点服。咽痛口疮甚，加僵蚕一两。按语：此方清上焦热，全用辛凉轻清之气，不杂苦寒降下之味，其见甚超，较凉膈散更胜。
地黄煎 治疗积热。地黄汁（四升三合）、茯神、知母（各四两）、葳蕤（四两）、栝蒌根、生姜汁、鲜地骨皮、生麦冬汁、白蜜（各二升）、石膏（八两）、竹沥（三合）。以上切碎，以水一斗零二升，先煮诸药取汁三升。去渣，下竹沥、地黄、麦冬汁，缓火煎四五沸，下蜜姜汁，微火煎至六升。初服四合，日三服，夜一服。加至五七合，四五月作散服之。按语：此方生津凉血，制火彻热，兼擅其长，再加人参，乃治虚热之圣方也。
碧雪 治疗一切积热，咽喉口舌生疮，心中烦躁，咽物妨闷，致咽闭壅塞。及天行时热，发强昏愦。芒硝、朴硝、硝石、马牙硝、青黛、石膏、寒水石（水研飞）、甘草（各等分）。上将甘草煎汤二升。去渣，却入诸药再煎，用柳木棍不住手搅，令消溶得所，却入青黛和匀，倾入砂盆内候冷，结凝成霜，研为细末。每用少许，含化津咽，不拘时候。如觉喉壅闭塞，不能吞物者，即以小竹筒，吹药入喉中，即愈。按语：此方仿紫雪之制，而不用黄芩、犀、羚等贵重之药，亦为简便。
Twenty Formulas for Spasm, Fifteen Formulas for Heat Disease, Fifteen Formulas for Dampness Disease, Thirty-One Formulas for Summerheat Disease.
**Gualougen Guizhi Tang Formula** (From *Jingui Yaolue*, detailed discussion in the preceding section of this chapter): Gualougen (*Trichosanthis Radix*, two liang), Guizhi (*Cinnamomi Ramulus*, three liang), Shaoyao (*Paeoniae Radix Alba*, three liang), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, two liang), Shengjiang (*Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens*, three liang), Dazao (*Jujubae Fructus*, twelve pieces). The above six ingredients are decocted in nine sheng of water to obtain three sheng. Divide into three warm doses to induce slight sweating. If sweat does not occur, after a short while, drink hot congee to promote sweating. Commentary: This formula originally intended not to induce profuse sweating, as in summer, even if sweating is difficult, the medicinal power easily penetrates. If after taking this medicine no sweat occurs after a short while, one should drink hot congee to induce sweating. This demonstrates that Guizhi (*Cinnamomi Ramulus*) can stop sweating when present and induce sweating when absent. However, since Gualougen (*Trichosanthis Radix*) is the sovereign drug, its dosage should be increased; Guizhi (*Cinnamomi Ramulus*), being the minister drug, should be decreased. Approximately: Gualougen (*Trichosanthis Radix*) 3 qian, Guizhi (*Cinnamomi Ramulus*) 1.5 qian, Shaoyao (*Paeoniae Radix Alba*) 2 qian, Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) 1.5 qian, Shengjiang (*Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens*) three slices, Dazao (*Jujubae Fructus*) two pieces. Use hot congee to induce sweating if there is no sweat; it can be taken continuously for three doses. This is because dampness binds the sweat, or there is a slight invasion of wind-cold, leading to disharmony between Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) Qi. If this method is not used to unblock Ying and Wei Qi, those who have not yet developed spasm will develop it, and those who already have spasm will find it difficult to heal. When using ancient formulas, dosages should be adjusted according to this principle.
**Ge Gen Tang Formula** (From *Jingui Yaolue*, detailed discussion in the middle section of this chapter): Ge Gen (*Puerariae Lobatae Radix*, four liang), Guizhi (*Cinnamomi Ramulus*, three liang), Mahuang (*Ephedrae Herba*, three liang), Shaoyao (*Paeoniae Radix Alba*, two liang), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, two liang), Shengjiang (*Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens*, three liang), Dazao (*Jujubae Fructus*, twelve pieces). The above seven ingredients are crushed, decocted in one dou of water. First boil Mahuang (*Ephedrae Herba*) and Ge Gen (*Puerariae Lobatae Radix*) until the volume reduces by three sheng, skim off the foam, then add the remaining herbs and decoct to obtain three sheng. Take one sheng warm to induce slight sweating; drinking congee is not necessary. Other administration methods and contraindications are the same as for Guizhi Tang (*Cinnamon Twig Decoction*). Commentary: This formula is designed for summer cold damage with tight pulse, fever, and absence of sweat. Zhang Zhongjing stated: A surging-large pulse in summer is its normal position. If the patient suffers from headache, fever, and absence of sweat, sweating must be induced, following this principle. However, once the body is slightly moist, remove coverings, ensuring sweat does not become excessive.
**Da Cheng Qi Tang Formula** (From *Jingui Yaolue*, detailed discussion in this chapter): Dahuang (*Rhei Radix et Rhizoma*, four liang, washed with wine), Nongpo (*Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex*, half jin, roasted and peeled), Zhishi (*Aurantii Fructus Immaturus*, three pieces, roasted), Mangxiao (*Natrii Sulfas*, one he). The above four ingredients are decocted in one dou of water. First boil the first two ingredients (Nongpo and Zhishi) to obtain five sheng. Filter out the dregs, add Dahuang (*Rhei Radix et Rhizoma*), and decoct to obtain two sheng. Filter out the dregs again, add Mangxiao (*Natrii Sulfas*), heat briefly for one or two boils. Divide into two warm doses. Stop taking upon defecation. Commentary: This is a method for treating severe, refractory cases of spasm, seeking life amidst death. For patients with excess pathogenic factors but undamaged righteous qi, nineteen out of twenty survive taking this, which is why Zhang Zhongjing established it as a standard.
**Mahuang Jia Duhuo Fangfeng Tang** (Treating Gang Spasm): Mahuang (*Ephedrae Herba*, nodes removed), Guizhi (*Cinnamomi Ramulus*) (one liang each), Shaoyao (*Paeoniae Radix Alba*, three liang), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, half liang), Duhuo (*Angelicae Pubescentis Radix*), Fangfeng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*) (one liang each). Crush finely. Each dose is one liang, decocted in two zhong of water to one and a half zhong. Take warm. Commentary: This formula was posthumously attributed to Zhang Zhongjing to treat rheumatism-wind-dampness binding, causing painful joints, absence of sweat, and resulting in Gang Spasm (Yang Spasm). However, lacking citations and detailed administration, it is imprecise. Note that removing Ge Gen (*Puerariae Lobatae Radix*) from the previous Ge Gen Tang (*Kudzu Root Decoction*) and adding Duhuo (*Angelicae Pubescentis Radix*) and Fangfeng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*) yields an identical effect, differing only in clarity of citation and administration.
**Haizang Shenzhu Tang** (Treating internal injury from cold drinks, external contraction of cold pathogen without sweat): Cangzhu (*Atractylodis Rhizoma*, processed), Fangfeng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*) (two liang each), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, one liang, stir-fried). Crush. Add Congbai (*Allii Fistulosi Bulbus*) and Shengjiang (*Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens*) and decoct together. If presenting as Taiyang syndrome with fever, aversion to cold, floating-tight pulse, add Qianghuo (*Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix*) two qian. If Taiyang floating-tight pulse contains wiry-rapid qualities, indicating Shaoyang involvement, add Chaihu (*Bupleuri Radix*) two qian. If Taiyang floating-tight pulse contains surging qualities, indicating Yangming involvement, add Huangqin (*Scutellariae Radix*) two qian. For women, add Danggui (*Angelicae Sinensis Radix*), or use Muxiang Tang (*Aucklandiae Decoction*), or Gaoben Tang (*Ligustici Wallichii Decoction*). For breast inflammation (Ru Chui), after decoction, mix in Liuyi San (*Six-to-One Powder*) three to five qian. Commentary: This is Zhang Yuansu’s (Haizang) prized formula. It treats spring-summer external cold contraction combined with internal injury from raw/cold food, causing fever without sweat. It can also be used for spasm. The intent is to prevent ignorant practitioners from harming people with the heating properties of Mahuang (*Ephedrae Herba*) and Guizhi (*Cinnamomi Ramulus*). In humid-heat seasons, these are rarely used. Even when indicated, they apply to only one or two in ten cases. I elucidate Zhang Zhongjing’s principles and must praise Haizang’s contribution.
**Haizang Baizhu Tang** (Treating internal injury from cold substances, external contraction of wind-cold with sweat): Baizhu (*Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*, three liang), Fangfeng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*, two liang), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, one liang, roasted). Crush. Each dose is three qian, decocted in one lamp of water with three slices of ginger to seven parts. Take warm. Use only one to two doses per day. Wait two to three days until sweat gradually decreases for resolution. Commentary: Both types of Atractylodes (*Atractylodis Rhizoma* and *Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*) effectively move dampness. Using them in summer, regardless of presence or absence of sweat, is divine.
**Haizang Baizhu Tang Modification Method** (Resolving the Three Yang above, Stabilizing the Taiyin below): Baizhu (*Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*; replace with Cangzhu (*Atractylodis Rhizoma*) if inducing sweat), Fangfeng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*) (one liang each). Crush, decoct in water to seven parts, take warm. If fever with thirst, add Huangqin (*Scutellariae Radix*) and Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*). If headache and aversion to wind, add Qianghuo San (*Notopterygium Powder*): Qianghuo (*Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix*) 1.5 qian, Chuanxiong (*Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma*) 0.75 qian, Xixin (*Asari Radix et Rhizoma*) 0.5 fen. If body heat and eye pain, add Shigao Tang (*Gypsum Decoction*): Shigao (*Gypsum Fibrosum*) 2.5 qian, Zhimu (*Anemarrhenae Rhizoma*) 0.8 fen, Baizhi (*Angelicae Dahuricae Radix*) 1 qian. If abdominal pain, add Shaoyao Tang (*Paeonia Decoction*): Shaoyao (*Paeoniae Radix Alba*) 2 qian, Guizhi (*Cinnamomi Ramulus*) 1 qian. If alternating chills and fever with vomiting, add Chaihu San (*Bupleurum Powder*): Chaihu (*Bupleuri Radix*) 2 qian, Banxia (*Pinelliae Rhizoma*) 1 qian. If epigastric fullness/stuffiness, add Zhishi (*Aurantii Fructus Immaturus*) 1 qian. If interior syndrome exists, add Dahuang (*Rhei Radix et Rhizoma*) 1 qian. Adjust based on deficiency/excess; stop when pathogens are eliminated. These three formulas are collectively called Shenzhu (*Divine Atractylodes*). While "resolving Three Yang above, stabilizing Taiyin below" may not be entirely accurate, since the Taiyin Spleen dislikes dampness, clearing dampness in summer prevents it from combining with heat pathogens, greatly enhancing efficacy.
**Haizang Guizhi Ge Gen Tang** Treats cold damage with stiffness of neck and back, and Rou Spasm (Yin Spasm) with sweat and no aversion to wind, which is Zhang Zhongjing’s Ge Gen Tang (*Kudzu Root Decoction*) minus Mahuang (*Ephedrae Herba*). For Gang Spasm (Yang Spasm) without sweat, Mahuang (*Ephedrae Herba*) is essential. Thus, Mahuang (*Ephedrae Herba*) and Guizhi (*Cinnamomi Ramulus*) do have indications in summer. Generally, if the pathogen is in the Taiyang channel, unblocking Ying and Wei Qi ensures external pathogens exit rather than enter, preserving health significantly. However, this should not be rigidly applied as a constant rule; students must study carefully.
**Haizang Guizhi Jia Chuanxiong Fangfeng Tang** Treats fever, spontaneous sweating, and no aversion to cold, named Rou Spasm (Yin Spasm). This is Zhang Zhongjing’s Ge Gen Tang (*Kudzu Root Decoction*) minus Mahuang (*Ephedrae Herba*) and Ge Gen (*Puerariae Lobatae Radix*), plus Chuanxiong (*Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma*) and Fangfeng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*).
**Haizang Chaihu Jia Fangfeng Tang** Treats unresolved condition after sweating, alternating calmness and agitation, fixed gaze, trismus, alternating chills and fever, wiry pulse. This is Shaoyang Wind Spasm. Chaihu (*Bupleuri Radix*), Fangfeng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*) (one liang each), Banxia (*Pinelliae Rhizoma*, processed, six qian), Renshen (*Ginseng Radix*), Huangqin (*Scutellariae Radix*) (five qian each), Shengjiang (*Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens*), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) (6.5 qian each), Dazao (*Jujubae Fructus*) (three pieces). Each dose is one liang, decocted in three lamps of water to one and a half lamps. Strain and take warm.
**Haizang Fangfeng Danggui Tang** Treats excessive sweating leading to fever, shaking of head and face, trismus, opisthotonos. This is Taiyang combined with Yangming. Indicated to dispel wind and nourish blood. Fangfeng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*), Danggui (*Angelicae Sinensis Radix*), Chuanxiong (*Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma*), Dihuang (*Rehmanniae Radix*) (one liang each). Each dose is one liang, decocted in three lamps of water to two lamps. Take warm. Commentary: Spasm originates in the Taiyang channel. Prolonged Taiyang disease inevitably spreads through the Six Channels, but always involves Taiyang. These two formulas treat Taiyang combined with Shaoyang, and Taiyang combined with Yangming, with detailed differentiation, far surpassing ordinary methods. Regrettably, regarding Yin Spasm of the Three Yin channels, only Taiyin is detailed across five formulas, seemingly intending to extend to Shaoyin and Jueyin but not explicitly stating so. Observing the subsequent three formulas mentioning "cold limbs, tendon contraction," the meaning is clear. However, treating all Three Yin channels together lacks precision. Moreover, if there is Yin Spasm in the Three Yin channels, surely there is Yang Spasm? Consult *Shanglun Pian* (*Commentary on the Cold Damage Treatise*) regarding the Three Yin channels for deeper understanding.
**Haizang Bawu Baizhu San** Treats cold damage Yin Spasm for three days, facial swelling, cold limbs, tendon contraction, absence of sweat, fearing internal injury of Yin Qi. Baizhu (*Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*), Fuling (*Poria*), Wuweizi (*Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus*) (half liang each), Guixin (*Cinnamomi Cortex*) (three fen), Mahuang (*Ephedrae Herba*) (half liang), Liangjiang (*Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma*) (three fen), Qianghuo (*Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix*) (half liang), Fuzi (*Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata*) (three fen). Each dose is four qian, decocted in one large lamp of water with five slices of ginger to five parts. Strain and take warm at any time. Commentary: This formula treats Taiyang combined with Three Yin syndromes.
**Haizang Guizhi Jia Shaoyao Fangfeng Fangji Tang** Treats fever with deep-thin pulse, attaching to Taiyin,必定 abdominal pain. Guizhi (*Cinnamomi Ramulus*) (one and a half liang), Fangfeng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*), Fangji (*Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix*) (one liang each), Shaoyao (*Paeoniae Radix Alba*) (two liang), Shengjiang (*Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens*) (one and a half liang), Dazao (*Jujubae Fructus*) (six pieces). Each dose is one liang, decocted in three lamps of water to one and a half lamps. Strain and take warm. Xiao Xuming Tang (*Minor Continuation Life Decoction*) is also suitable. Commentary: Deep-thin pulse is not definitive for Taiyang; Shaoyin also presents with fever. Taking this formula and Xiao Xuming Tang (*Minor Continuation Life Decoction*) may be inappropriate.
**Haizang Fuzi San** Treats cold damage Yin Spasm, cold limbs, tendon contraction, continuous sweating, stiff neck/head, head tremor, trismus. Guixin (*Cinnamomi Cortex*) (three qian), Fuzi (*Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata*, processed, one liang), Baizhu (*Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*, one liang), Chuanxiong (*Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma*) (three qian), Duhuo (*Angelicae Pubescentis Radix*) (half liang). Each dose is three qian, decocted in one lamp of water with one jujube to five parts. Strain and take warm.
**Haizang Guixin Baizhu Tang** Treats cold damage Yin Spasm, cold limbs, tendon contraction, continuous sweating. Baizhu (*Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*), Fangfeng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*), Guixin (*Cinnamomi Cortex*), Chuanxiong (*Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma*), Fuzi (*Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata*) (equal parts). Each dose is five qian, decocted in two zhong of water with five slices of ginger and two jujubes to seven parts. Strain and take warm.
**Haizang Fuzi Fangfeng San** Treats cold damage Yin Spasm, eyes closed, face turned away, cold limbs, tendon contraction, continuous sweating. Baizhu (*Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*, one liang), Fangfeng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*), Fuling (*Poria*), Fuzi (*Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata*), Ganjiang (*Zingiberis Rhizoma*) (seven qian five fen each), Chaihu (*Bupleuri Radix*), Wuwei Zi (*Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus*) (one liang each), Guixin (*Cinnamomi Cortex*) (half liang). Each dose is three qian, decocted with four slices of ginger. Strain and take warm. Commentary: All three formulas contain Baizhu (*Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*), originally intended for Taiyin. However, all mention continuous sweating, implying Yang collapse externally and Jin fluid loss internally. Why include exterior-dispelling herbs? Tendon contraction relies on Yang Qi for flexibility and Yin fluids for lubrication. The formulas fail to address both aspects adequately.
**Lingyangjiao San** (These four formulas are separately selected for excellence.) Treats cold damage Yang Spasm, body heat, absence of sweat, aversion to cold, stiff neck/back, limb pain, irritability, palpitations, insomnia. Lingyangjiao (*Saigae Tataricae Cornu*, shaved), Xijiao (*Rhinocerotis Cornu*, shaved), Fangfeng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*), Fushen (*Poria cum Radix*, Chaihu (*Bupleuri Radix*), Maidong (*Ophiopogonis Radix*), Renshen (*Ginseng Radix*), Ge Gen (*Puerariae Lobatae Radix*), Zhike (*Aurantii Fructus Immaturus*), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, roasted) (2.5 qian each), Shigao (*Gypsum Fibrosum*), Longchi (*Dentis Fossum Mammutis*) (five qian each). Crush. Each dose is five qian, decocted in one zhong of water to five parts. Strain and take warm at any time. Commentary: This formula treats Yang Spasm, deeply grasping the method of clearing and resolving.
**Maidong San** Treats cold damage Yang Spasm, high fever, stiff neck/back, chest/diaphragm irritability, fever/aversion to cold, red face/head, limb pain. Maidong (*Ophiopogonis Radix*), Digupi (*Lycii Cortex*), Mahuang (*Ephedrae Herba*, nodes removed), Chi Fuling (*Poria*, peeled), Zhimu (*Anemarrhenae Rhizoma*), Huangqin (*Scutellariae Radix*), Chi Shaoyao (*Paeoniae Radix Rubra*), Baixianpi (*Dictamni Cortex*), Xingren (*Armeniacae Semen Amarum*, bran-roasted, skin/point removed), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, roasted), Xijiao Xie (*Rhinocerotis Cornu*, shaved) (0.75 qian each). Crush. Each dose is five qian, decocted in one large lamp of water to five parts. Strain and take warm at any time. Commentary: This formula uses Mahuang (*Ephedrae Herba*) directly, omitting Fangfeng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*), Chaihu (*Bupleuri Radix*), Ge Gen (*Puerariae Lobatae Radix*), Zhike (*Aurantii Fructus Immaturus*), implying deeper intent. However, Lingyangjiao (*Saigae Tataricae Cornu*) and Shigao (*Gypsum Fibrosum*) seem indispensable.
**Shigao San** Treats cold damage Yang Spasm, whole-body high fever, dizzy vision, headache. Shigao (*Gypsum Fibrosum*, two liang), Qinjiao (*Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix*, soil removed), Longchi (*Dentis Fossum Mammutis*) (one liang each, ground separately), Xijiao Xie (*Rhinocerotis Cornu*, shaved), Qianhu (*Peucedani Radix*) (half liang each). Crush. Each dose is five qian, decocted in one large lamp of water with fifty grains of Douchi (*Sojae Seminem Preparatum*) and seven stalks of Congbai (*Allii Fistulosi Bulbus*) to five parts. Strain, add Niuhuang (*Bovis Calculus*, one character amount), mix well, take warm at any time. Commentary: Using the astringent property of Longchi (*Dentis Fossum Mammutis*) in these three formulas seems inappropriate. Other herbs are excellent. Using Douchi (*Sojae Seminem Preparatum*) and Congbai (*Allii Fistulosi Bulbus*) as guides, mixed with Niuhuang (*Bovis Calculus*), is particularly brilliant.
**Niuhuang San** Treats cold damage Yang Spasm, fever/aversion to cold, stiff neck/back, limb contraction, mental irritability. Niuhuang (*Bovis Calculus*, ground separately), Shexiang (*Moschus*, ground separately), Xijiao Xie (*Rhinocerotis Cornu*, shaved), Zhusha (*Cinnabaris*, water-ground), Renshen (*Ginseng Radix*), Chi Fuling (*Poria*), Fangfeng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*), Xiong (*Chuanxiong Rhizoma*), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*), Maidong (*Ophiopogonis Radix*), Guixin (*Cinnamomi Cortex*), Digupi (*Lycii Cortex*), Tianma (*Gastrodiae Rhizoma*) (2.5 qian each). Grind into fine powder. Each dose is two qian, taken with Zhu Li (*Bambusae Succus*) at any time. Commentary: Fever and aversion to cold indicate pathogen in meridians. This formula attacks the Spirit directly. Why? Even if pathogen enters the Pericardium, Xijiao (*Rhinocerotis Cornu*), Lingyangjiao (*Saigae Tataricae Cornu*), and Niuhuang (*Bovis Calculus*) suffice. Why add Zhusha (*Cinnabaris*) and Shexiang (*Moschus*)? Is this inviting the thief through the door?
**Haizang Yufeng Tang** (Also known as Juqing Gabai Yin) Treats all hemorrhages, tendon tension, postpartum convulsions, and post-sweating spasms. Jingjie (*Schizonepetae Spica*, fine powder). First, use fried Da Dou Huang Juan (*Sojae Helvolae Semen Praeparatum*), pour wine over it, remove the residue, take the clear juice to mix with the powder (three to five qian), including dregs, and take. Mild cases: one dose stops it. Severe cases: one to three doses stop it. Contraindicated for Qi deficiency. Can also be taken with child’s urine. Commentary: This is Haizang’s formula for wind entering the Blood level, unrelated to spasm. However, *Jingui Yaolue* warns: Purging wind disease causes spasm; re-inducing sweating causes contracture. Also: Patients with sores, despite body pain, must not sweat; sweating causes spasm. If sweating is avoided and this formula is used instead, how could spasm immediately result? Wind-pathogen enters via deficiency; tonification tonifies the pathogen, sweating damages righteous Qi. Only by first using this formula to expel wind, then tonifying, is the key secret. Above: Treating Spasm.
**Renshen Xiefei Tang** (One of fifteen Heat Treatment Formulas) Treats accumulated heat in Lung Meridian, upper wheezing/cough, chest/diaphragm fullness, copious phlegm, constipation. Renshen (*Ginseng Radix*), Huangqin (*Scutellariae Radix*), Zhizi Ren (*Gardeniae Fructus*), Zhike (*Aurantii Fructus Immaturus*, stir-fried), Bohe (*Menthae Haplocalycis Herba*), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*), Lianqiao (*Forsythiae Fructus*), Xingren (*Armeniacae Semen Amarum*, skin/point removed), Sangbaipi (*Mori Cortex*), Dahuang (*Rhei Radix et Rhizoma*), Jiegeng (*Platycodonis Radix*) (equal parts). Each dose is seven qian, decocted in two lamps of water to eight parts. Take orally after meals. Commentary: Renshen (*Ginseng Radix*) treating lung heat might injure the Lung. This formula clears accumulated Lung heat, named "Renshen Xiefei" (Renshen Draining Lung), showing that draining Lung heat need not injure Lung Qi. Furthermore, Renshen’s warmth is restrained by one cooling herb. With such a large group of cold-purgative herbs, if Renshen is not made the sovereign, who dares use it?
**Tianmendong San** Treats Lung congestion and brain heat, dry nose, severe constipation. Tianmendong (*Asparagi Radix*, heart removed), Sangbaipi (*Mori Cortex*), Shengma (*Cimicifugae Rhizoma*), Dahuang (*Rhei Radix et Rhizoma*), Zhike (*Aurantii Fructus Immaturus*, bran-roasted), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) (0.8 fen each), Jingjie (*Schizonepetae Spica*) (one qian). Two lamps of water, decoct to eight parts. Take warm after meals. Commentary: Fewer ingredients than before. Using Shengma (*Cimicifugae Rhizoma*) lifts and descends to dissipate Upper Jiao congested heat; this is acceptable.
**Banxia Tang** Treats Gallbladder heat, unsettled spirit. Banxia Qu (*Pinelliae Fermentatum*), Huangqin (*Scutellariae Radix*), Ganjiang (*Zingiberis Rhizoma*, roasted), Yuanzhi (*Polygalae Radix*, heart removed), Fuling (*Poria*), Shengdihuang (*Rehmanniae Radix Recens*) (0.8 fen each), Shumi (*Panicum miliaceum*, one he), Suanzaoren (*Ziziphi Spinosae Semen*, lightly roasted, ground, 0.8 fen). Two lamps of long-flowing water, decoct to eight parts. Take warm after meals. Commentary: Although said to treat Gallbladder heat, it is incomplete. Adding one or two of Chaihu (*Bupleuri Radix*), Renshen (*Ginseng Radix*), Qingdai (*Indigo Naturalis*), Lingyangjiao (*Saigae Tataricae Cornu*), or Zhuyedan (*Porci Bile*) would be more appropriate.
**Chifuling Tang** Treats Bladder excess heat, urinary retention, bitter taste, dry tongue, swollen throat, difficulty swallowing. Chifuling (*Poria Coccos*), Zhuling (*Polyporus*), Kuizi (*Abutili Semen*), Zhishi (*Aurantii Fructus Immaturus*), Qumai (*Dianthi Herba*), Mutong (*Akebiae Caulis*), Huangqin (*Scutellariae Radix*), Cheqian (*Plantaginis Semen*), Huashi (*Talcum*), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) (equal parts). Two lamps of water, three slices of ginger, decoct to eight parts. Take before meals. Commentary: This formula does not clear Lung heat but specifically promotes urination. It has descending but no ascending action. If the upper orifice is not opened, merely opening the lower orifice is termed "Hegemonic Method" or "Plundering Method," often practiced by mediocre physicians.
**Longnao Jisu Wan** Relieves vexing heat, stagnant heat, Lung heat. Cough with hemoptysis, epistaxis, metrorrhagia, xerostomia/thirst, palpitations/fright. Resolves alcohol toxicity, diaphragmatic heat, bad breath, mouth ulcers, clears heart and brightens eyes. Bohe Ye (*Menthae Haplocalycis Folium*, one liang six qian), Shengdihuang (*Rehmanniae Radix Recens*, six qian, juice extracted), Maidong (*Ophiopogonis Radix*, four qian), Puhuang (*Typhae Pollen*, roasted), Ejiao (*Colla Corii Asini*, roasted, two qian each), Huangqi (*Astragali Radix*) (one qian), Renshen (*Ginseng Radix*), Mutong (*Akebiae Caulis*) (two qian each), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) (1.5 qian), Yin Chaihu (*Stellariae Radix*, soaked in Mutong juice for two days, juice added to paste). Grind into powder. Refine three liang of honey, add Di Huang juice etc., boil into paste, form pills like wutong seeds. Each dose is twenty pills, chewed and swallowed with soup. Commentary: This pill resolves heat in both Qi and Blood levels, beneficial without harm; suitable for regular preparation and use.
**Lige San** Treats severe heat in Spleen/Lung, empty vexation rising upward, throat ulcers. Jisu Ye (*Elsholtziae Herba*), Jingjie Sui (*Schizonepetae Spica*), Fangfeng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*), Jiegeng (*Platycodonis Radix*), Niubangzi (*Arctii Fructus*, roasted), Renshen (*Ginseng Radix*), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) (one liang each). Grind into powder. Each dose is two qian, take at any time with boiling water. For severe throat pain/mouth ulcers, add Jiangcan (*Bombyx Batryticatus*) one liang. Commentary: This formula clears Upper Jiao heat using purely acrid-cool light-clearing qi, without bitter-cold purgatives. Its insight is superior, surpassing Liangge San (*Cool Diaphragm Powder*).
**Dihuang Jian** Treats accumulated heat. Dihuang Zhi (*Rehmanniae Radix Recens Juice*, four sheng three he), Fushen (*Poria cum Radix*), Zhimu (*Anemarrhenae Rhizoma*) (four liang each), Weirui (*Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma*) (four liang), Gualougen (*Trichosanthis Radix*), Shengjiang Zhi (*Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens Juice*), Xian Digupi (*Lycii Cortex Recens*), Sheng Maidong Zhi (*Ophiopogonis Radix Juice*), Baimi (*Mel*, two liang each), Shigao (*Gypsum Fibrosum*) (eight liang), Zhuli (*Bambusae Succus*) (three he). Crush. Decoct in one dou two sheng of water, first boil herbs to obtain three sheng of juice. Strain, add Zhuli (*Bambusae Succus*), Dihuang Zhi (*Rehmanniae Radix Recens Juice*), Maidong Zhi (*Ophiopogonis Radix Juice*). Simmer gently for four-five boils, add honey and ginger juice. Simmer on low heat to six sheng. Initial dose: four he. Take three times daily, once at night. Increase to five-seven he. In fourth-fifth month, make into powder and take. Commentary: This formula generates fluids, cools blood, controls fire, and eliminates heat, excelling in all aspects. Adding Renshen (*Ginseng Radix*) makes it a sage formula for treating deficient heat.
**Bixue** Treats all accumulated heat, throat/tongue ulcers, mental irritability, difficulty swallowing causing obstruction. Also epidemic febrile diseases causing severe stupor. Mangxiao (*Natrii Sulfas*), Puxiao (*Natrii Sulfas*), Xiaoshi (*Nitrums), Mayaxiao (*Natrii Sulfas*), Qingdai (*Indigo Naturalis*), Shigao (*Gypsum Fibrosum*), Hanshuishi (*Aragonitum*, water-ground and flown), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) (equal parts). First decoct Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) in two sheng of water. Strain, return liquid, add other herbs and decoct again. Stir constantly with willow wood stick until dissolved properly. Add Qingdai (*Indigo Naturalis*) and mix evenly. Pour into clay basin to cool, forming frost-like crystals. Grind into fine powder. Use a small amount, dissolve in saliva and swallow at any time. If throat obstruction prevents swallowing, blow powder into throat using small bamboo tube. Commentary: This formula imitates Zixue (*Purple Snow*) but omits expensive herbs like Huangqin (*Scutellariae Radix*), Xijiao (*Rhinocerotis Cornu*), Lingyangjiao (*Saigae Tataricae Cornu*), making it simple and convenient.