味苦，温，微寒，无毒。主风热死肌，痈伤，口干舌焦，痈肿不消，喉舌肿不通，水浆
不下，大惊入腹，除邪气，养肾。主腰髋痛，坚筋骨，利关节。久服轻身明目，润泽，好颜
色，不老延年，通神。一名石鲮，一名石磋，一名略石，一名明石，一名领石，一名悬石
生太山川谷，或石山之阴，或高山岩石上，或生人间，正月采。
味甘，平，无毒。主补五脏，益气，续筋骨，长肌肉，去诸痹。久服轻身不饥，耐老通
神明，一名 芜，生太山川谷。
味苦，寒，微寒无毒。主热气，目痛 伤，泪出，明目，肠 ，腹痛下痢，妇人阴中
痛，五脏冷热，久下泻 脓血，止消渴，大惊，除水，利骨，调胃，浓肠，益胆，疗口疮。
久
味苦，微寒，无毒。主血积惊气，除寒热，补中，益肺气。疗胃痹，心腹痛，结
气，头痛，皮间邪热，安五脏，补中。久服利人。一名知母，一名苦心，一名志取，一名虎
须，一名白参，一名识美，一名文希。生河内川谷，及冤句般阳续山，二月八月采根，曝干
味苦，微寒，无毒。主心腹邪气，肠鸣幽幽，如走水寒热，积聚，破症除瘕，止
益气养血。去心腹痼疾结气，腰脊强脚痹，除风邪留热。久服利人。一名郗蝉草，一名赤
一名木羊乳。生桐柏山川谷及太山，五月采根，曝干。
味苦，性温，兼有微寒之性，无毒。主治风热所致的肌肉坏死、痈疽外伤、口干舌焦、痈肿不消散、咽喉及舌部肿胀导致吞咽困难（水浆不下）、因大惊导致邪气入腹，能祛除邪气，滋养肾脏。主治腰部和髋部疼痛，坚固筋骨，滑利关节。长期服用可使人身体轻盈、视力明亮、肌肤润泽、面色红润，延缓衰老，通灵达神。又名石鲮、石磋、略石、明石、领石、悬石。生长于太山的山川河谷，或石山的背阴处，或高山的岩石上，或生于人间俗世，正月采收。
味甘，性平，无毒。主治补益五脏，益气力，接续筋骨，促进肌肉生长，祛除各种痹症。长期服用可使人身体轻盈、不易饥饿、耐受衰老、通灵达神。又名芜，生长于太山的山川河谷。
味苦，性寒，兼有微寒之性，无毒。主治热气、目痛受伤、流泪、明目、肠道病变、腹痛下痢、妇人阴道内疼痛、五脏冷热不调、长期腹泻脓血、止消渴、治大惊、祛除水饮、利骨、调和胃气、增厚肠壁、益胆、治疗口疮。长期服用……
味苦，微寒，无毒。主治血积、惊气，祛除寒热，补益中气，益肺气。治疗胃痹、心腹痛、气结、头痛、皮肤间邪热，安五脏，补中气。长期服用对人有益。又名知母、苦心、志取、虎须、白参、识美、文希。生长于河内川谷，以及冤句般阳续山，二月和八月采收根部，晒干。
味苦，微寒，无毒。主治心腹邪气、肠鸣幽幽、如走水般的寒热交替、积聚症瘕，破除症块、消除瘕聚，止……益气养血。祛除心腹顽固疾病和气结、腰脊僵硬、脚部痹症，祛除风邪留热。长期服用对人有益。又名郗蝉草、赤……、木羊乳。生长于桐柏山川谷及太山，五月采收根部，晒干。
Bitter, warm, slightly cold, non-toxic. It primarily treats muscle necrosis caused by wind-heat, carbuncles and traumatic injuries, dry mouth with scorched tongue, persistent swelling and abscesses, swelling of the throat and tongue leading to inability to swallow fluids (water and gruel), fright entering the abdomen due to sudden shock, expels evil qi, and nourishes the Kidney. It primarily treats pain in the waist and hips, strengthens bones and sinews, and promotes joint mobility. Long-term consumption makes the body light, improves vision, moistens the skin, enhances complexion, delays aging, and enhances spiritual clarity. Also known as Shiling (Stone Ling), Shicuo (Stone Cuo), Lueshi (Slight Stone), Mingshi (Bright Stone), Lingshi (Leading Stone), Xuan Shi (Hanging Stone). Grows in the valleys and rivers of Mount Tai, or on the shady side of rocky mountains, or on high mountain rocks, or in human habitations; harvested in the first lunar month.
Sweet, neutral, non-toxic. It primarily tonifies the Five Zang organs, benefits Qi, reconnects bones and sinews, promotes muscle growth, and expels various Bi syndromes. Long-term consumption makes the body light, prevents hunger, increases resistance to aging, and enhances spiritual clarity. Also known as Wu, grows in the valleys and rivers of Mount Tai.
Bitter, cold, slightly cold, non-toxic. It primarily treats heat qi, eye pain from injury, tearing, improves vision, intestinal disorders, abdominal pain with dysentery, pain in the female genitalia, cold and heat imbalances in the Five Zang organs, chronic diarrhea with pus and blood, stops thirst (Xiao Ke), treats sudden fright, expels water retention, benefits bones, harmonizes the Stomach, thickens the intestines, benefits the Gallbladder, and treats mouth ulcers. Long-term...
Bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. It primarily treats blood accumulation and fright qi, expels cold and heat, tonifies the Middle Jiao, and benefits Lung Qi. It treats Wei Bi (Stomach Bi), heart and abdominal pain, Qi stagnation, headache, pathogenic heat in the skin, calms the Five Zang organs, and tonifies the Middle Jiao. Long-term consumption is beneficial to people. Also known as Zhimu (Knowledge Mother), Kuxin (Bitter Heart), Zhiqu (Will Take), Huxu (Tiger Whisker), Baishen (White Ginseng), Shimai (Knowing Beauty), Wenxi (Literary Xi). Grows in the valleys of He Nei, and at Guanyan Ju Banyang Xu Mountain; roots are harvested in the second and eighth lunar months and sun-dried.
Bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. It primarily treats pathogenic qi in the heart and abdomen, rumbling intestines, alternating cold and heat resembling flowing water, accumulations, breaks masses and eliminates fixed lumps (Zhen Jia), stops... benefits Qi and nourishes Blood. Expels stubborn diseases and Qi stagnation in the heart and abdomen, stiffness of the waist and spine, Bi syndrome in the legs, and expels lingering pathogenic wind-heat. Long-term consumption is beneficial to people. Also known as Xichancao (Xi Cicada Grass), Chi..., Muyangru (Wood Sheep Milk). Grows in the valleys of Tongbai Mountain and Mount Tai; roots are harvested in the fifth lunar month and sun-dried.