风中有五者,谓心肝脾肺肾,五脏之中,其言生死,各不同也。心风之状,汗自出而偃
仰卧,不可转侧,语言狂妄者生,宜于心俞灸之;若唇面青白黄黑赤,其色不足,眼眶动不
休,心绝者不可救,过五日即死。肝风之状,青色围目额,坐不得佝偻者可治;若喘目直,
唇面俱青者死,宜于肝俞灸之。脾风之证,一身通黄,腹大而满,不嗜食,四肢不收者,或
可治,宜于脾俞灸之。肾风者腰脚痛重,视胁下未生黄点者可治,不然则死,肾风宜于肾俞
灸之。肺风者,胸中气满,冒昧汗出,鼻不闻香臭,喘而不得卧者可治;若失血及妄言者不
可治,七八日死,肺风宜于肺俞灸之。凡诊其风脉,滑而散者风也;缓而大,浮而紧,软而
弱,皆属风也。又风之病,鼻下赤黑相兼,吐沫身直者七日死。又中风人口噤筋急,脉迟者
生;脉急而数者死。又心脾俱中风,则舌强而不能言;肝肾中风,则手足不遂。其外有瘾疹
者,有偏枯者,有失音者,有历节者,有癫厥者,有疼痛者,有聋瞽者,有疮癞者,有胀满
者,有喘乏者,有赤白者,有青黑者,有瘙痒者,有狂妄者,皆起于风也。其脉虚浮者,自
虚而得;实大者,自实而得之;强紧者,汗出而得之;喘乏者,饮酒而得之;癫厥者,自劳
而得之;手足不遂者,语言謇失者,房中而得之;瘾疹者,自痹湿而得之;历节疼痛者,因
醉犯房而得之;聋盲疮癞者,自五味饮食冒犯禁忌而得之;千端万状,要不离于五脏六腑所
生耳。
风邪致病有五种情况,分别对应心、肝、脾、肺、肾五脏。在五脏之中,关于其预后生死的判断,各不相同。
心风的症状表现为:汗液自然流出,患者只能仰卧,无法翻身侧卧,言语狂妄错乱。若出现上述症状但神志尚存者,预后较好(生);适宜在心俞穴进行艾灸治疗。如果嘴唇和面色呈现青、白、黄、黑、赤五色中的一种或混杂,且色泽枯槁无华,眼眶跳动不止,这是心气衰竭的表现,无法救治,超过五天就会死亡。
肝风的症状表现为:青色环绕眼睛和额头,坐姿僵硬不能弯腰曲背的,可以治愈;如果出现喘息、双眼直视、嘴唇和面色均发青的,为死证;适宜在肝俞穴进行艾灸治疗。
脾风的症状表现为:全身发黄,腹部胀大且满闷,没有食欲,四肢无力无法收持。这种情况或许可以治愈,适宜在脾俞穴进行艾灸治疗。
肾风的症状表现为:腰部和脚部疼痛沉重,观察胁下如果没有出现黄色斑点的,可以治愈;否则就会死亡;肾风适宜在肾俞穴进行艾灸治疗。
肺风的症状表现为:胸中气机壅满,头目昏沉并伴有出汗,鼻子闻不到气味,喘息且不能平卧的,可以治愈;如果出现咯血或胡言乱语的,无法治愈,大约七八天就会死亡;肺风适宜在肺俞穴进行艾灸治疗。
凡是诊断风病的脉象,滑利而散乱的,属于风病;脉象缓大而浮紧,或者软弱无力的,也都属于风病范畴。
另外,患风病的人,如果鼻下颜色红黑相间,口吐涎沫且身体僵直如弓的,七天后会死亡。
另外,中风导致牙关紧闭、筋脉拘急的患者,如果脉象迟缓的,预后良好(生);如果脉象急促且频率快的,预后不良(死)。
另外,心和脾同时感受风邪,会导致舌体僵硬而不能说话;肝和肾同时感受风邪,会导致手足活动不遂。
此外,风邪致病的外在表现还有:出现瘾疹(皮肤瘙痒起疹)的,出现偏枯(半身不遂)的,出现失音的,出现历节病(关节剧烈疼痛)的,出现癫厥(精神失常或突然昏倒)的,出现疼痛的,出现耳聋目盲的,出现疮癞(皮肤病变)的,出现胀满的,出现气喘乏力的,出现大便赤白的,出现面色青黑的,出现瘙痒的,出现狂妄行为的,这些病症都是由风邪引起的。
其脉象虚浮的,是由于正气自虚而感风邪所致;脉象实大的,是由于邪气自实而感风邪所致;脉象强紧的,是出汗后受风所致;气喘乏力的,是饮酒后受风所致;癫厥的,是由于过度劳累所致;手足不遂、语言謇涩的,是房事不节所致;瘾疹的,是由于自身痹阻湿气所致;历节疼痛的,是因醉酒行房所致;耳聋、目盲、疮癞的,是由于饮食五味不当、冒犯禁忌所致。
Wind pathogenic factors manifest in five patterns, corresponding to the Heart, Liver, Spleen, Lung, and Kidney. Within these five Zang organs, the prognoses of life and death differ for each.
Heart Wind presents with spontaneous sweating, where the patient lies supine and cannot turn or roll over, accompanied by delirious speech. If the spirit is preserved despite these symptoms, the prognosis is favorable (life); moxibustion should be applied to Xinshu (BL-15, Heart Shu). If the lips and complexion exhibit cyanosis, pallor, yellowing, blackening, or redness, appearing dull and lacking luster, with continuous twitching of the eye sockets, this indicates Heart Qi exhaustion and is incurable; death will occur within five days.
Liver Wind presents with a bluish hue surrounding the eyes and forehead, and stiffness preventing bending or stooping; this is treatable. However, if there is panting, fixed staring eyes, and cyanosis of both lips and face, it is a fatal sign; moxibustion should be applied to Ganshu (BL-18, Liver Shu).
Spleen Wind presents with generalized jaundice, abdominal distension and fullness, anorexia, and flaccidity of the four limbs. This may be treatable; moxibustion should be applied to Pishu (BL-20, Spleen Shu).
Kidney Wind presents with pain and heaviness in the lower back and legs. If no yellow spots appear under the hypochondrium, it is treatable; otherwise, it is fatal. Moxibustion should be applied to Shenshu (BL-23, Kidney Shu).
Lung Wind presents with chest fullness and qi stagnation, dizziness with sweating, anosmia (loss of smell), panting, and inability to lie flat; this is treatable. However, if hemoptysis or delirious speech occurs, it is incurable, and death will likely occur within seven to eight days. Moxibustion should be applied to Feishu (BL-13, Lung Shu).
In diagnosing wind diseases, a slippery and scattered pulse indicates wind; a slow and large pulse that is floating and tight, or a soft and weak pulse, also belong to wind patterns.
Furthermore, in wind diseases, if the area below the nose shows mixed red and black discoloration, with frothy saliva and a rigid body resembling a bow, death will occur in seven days.
Additionally, in stroke (Zhong Feng) presenting with locked jaws and tendon tension, a slow pulse indicates a favorable prognosis (life); a rapid and urgent pulse indicates a poor prognosis (death).
If both the Heart and Spleen are affected by wind, the tongue becomes stiff and speech is lost. If both the Liver and Kidney are affected by wind, the hands and feet become immobile.
Externally, wind pathogens can cause various manifestations: urticaria (Yin Zhen), hemiplegia (Pian Ku), aphonia, joint pain (Li Jie disease), mania and syncope (Dian Jue), pain, deafness and blindness, skin ulcers and leprosy-like conditions (Chuang Lai), distension and fullness, asthma and fatigue, bloody or white stools, cyanotic or black complexions, pruritus, and delirium. All these originate from wind.
A deficiency-floating pulse indicates wind contracted due to intrinsic deficiency. A excess-large pulse indicates wind contracted due to intrinsic excess. A strong-tight pulse indicates wind contracted after sweating. Asthma and fatigue indicate wind contracted after drinking alcohol. Mania and syncope indicate wind contracted due to overexertion. Immobility of hands and feet and slurred speech indicate wind contracted due to sexual indiscretion. Urticaria indicates wind contracted due to internal bi-syndrome with dampness. Joint pain indicates wind contracted due to sexual activity while intoxicated. Deafness, blindness, ulcers, and skin lesions indicate wind contracted due to improper diet violating dietary taboos.
Although wind diseases present in myriad forms, they ultimately do not depart from the pathological changes originating in the Five Zang and Six Fu organs.