诸淋与小便不利者。皆由五脏不通。六腑不和。三焦痞涩。荣卫耗失。冒热饮酒。过醉入房。竭散精神。劳伤
气血。或因女色兴。而败精不出。或因迷宠不已。而真髓多输。或惊惶不次。或思虑未宁。或饥饱过时。或奔
驰才定。或隐忍大小便。或发泄久兴。或寒入膀胱。或暑中胞囊。伤兹不慎。致起斯疾。状候变异。名亦不同。
则有冷、热、气、劳、膏砂、虚、实之八种耳。冷淋者。小便数。色白如泔也。热淋者。小便涩。而色赤如血也。气淋
者。脐腹满闷。小便不通利而痛也。劳淋者。小便淋沥不绝。如水之滴漏而不断绝也。膏淋者。小便中出物如
脂膏也。砂淋者。腹脐中隐痛。小便难。其痛不可忍须臾。从小便中下如砂石之类。有大者如 子。或赤或
白（一作黄。）色泽不定。此由肾气弱而贪于女色。房而不泄。泄而不止。虚伤真气。邪热渐强。结聚而成砂。又如
以水煮盐。火大水少。盐渐成石之类谓肾者水也。咸归于肾水消于下虚热日甚。煎结而成。此非一时而
作也。盖远久乃发。成节五岁。败即三年。壮人。五载祸必至矣。宜乎急攻。八淋之中。唯此最危。其脉盛大而
实者可治。虚小而涩者不可治。虚者谓肾与膀胱俱虚。而精滑梦泄。小便不禁者也。实则谓经络闭涩。水
道不利。而茎痛腿酸者也。又诸淋之病。与淋相从者活。反者死凶。治疗之际。亦在详酌耳。
各种淋证和小便不通利的病症，都是由五脏气机阻滞、六腑功能失调、三焦痞塞不畅、营卫之气耗损流失所致。或因感受热邪后饮酒，或因醉酒之后行房事，导致精神竭散、气血劳伤；或因贪恋女色而败精无法排出；或因沉溺于宠幸而真髓大量流失；或因惊恐惶乱、起居无常；或因思虑过度、心神不宁；或因饥饱失时；或因剧烈奔跑刚停下；或因强行忍住大小便；或因久持阳具兴奋状态；或因寒邪侵入膀胱；或因暑邪中伤胞囊。这些损伤都是由于不慎所致，从而引发此病。其症状表现各异，名称也不相同，主要分为冷、热、气、劳、膏、砂、虚、实这八种类型。
冷淋的症状是：小便频数，颜色白如米泔水。
热淋的症状是：小便涩滞不畅，颜色红赤如血。
气淋的症状是：脐腹部胀满闷痛，小便不通利且伴有疼痛。
劳淋的症状是：小便淋漓不尽，像水滴漏一样连绵不断。
膏淋的症状是：小便中排出物状如脂膏。
砂淋的症状是：腹脐部隐隐作痛，小便困难，疼痛剧烈难以忍受，片刻之后从小便中排出如砂石样的物质，大的像鱼子一样，颜色或红或白（另一种说法是黄色），色泽不定。这是由于肾气虚弱又贪恋女色，有性行为但不射精，或者射精不止，导致真气受损，邪热逐渐增强，凝结聚集成砂石。这就像用水煮盐，火大水少，盐逐渐结成石块一样。肾属水，咸味归于肾，水分在下焦消耗，虚热日益加重，煎熬凝结而成砂石。这种病不是突然发作的，而是经过长久积累才发病，大概五年左右发作，一旦败坏，三年即可致死。身体强壮的人，五年内灾祸必然降临。应当紧急攻治。在八种淋证中，唯独砂淋最为危险。脉象盛大而实的可以治疗，脉象虚小且涩的不可治疗。所谓“虚”，是指肾与膀胱都虚弱，出现精液滑泄、梦中遗精、小便不禁的情况。所谓“实”，是指经络闭塞涩滞，水道不利，出现阴茎疼痛、腿部酸楚的情况。此外，各种淋证如果伴随相应的证候则预后良好，如果证候相反则预后凶险。在治疗时，也必须仔细斟酌。
Various forms of Lin syndrome (strangury) and difficulty in urination are all caused by the obstruction of the Qi mechanism of the Five Zang organs, the disharmony of the Six Fu organs, the stagnation and roughness of the San Jiao (Triple Burner), and the depletion and loss of Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) Qi. These conditions may result from drinking alcohol after being exposed to heat, engaging in sexual intercourse while excessively drunk, leading to the exhaustion of spirit and laboring injury of Qi and Blood; or from lust for women causing seminal fluid to remain unexcreted; or from excessive indulgence in concubines leading to the massive loss of true marrow; or from惊惶 (fright and panic) with irregular daily routines; or from excessive worry and unsettled mind; or from irregular timing of hunger and fullness; or from vigorous running followed immediately by stopping; or from forcibly holding back urine and feces; or from prolonged sexual arousal without release; or from cold pathogens invading the bladder; or from summer-heat pathogens affecting the urinary bladder sac. Such injuries arise from carelessness, giving rise to this disease. The symptoms vary, and thus the names differ, falling into eight categories: Cold Lin, Heat Lin, Qi Lin, Labor Lin, Gao (Paste/Grease) Lin, Sha (Sand) Lin, Deficiency Lin, and Excess Lin.
Cold Lin is characterized by frequent urination with urine color white like rice wash water.
Heat Lin is characterized by difficult, astringent urination with urine color red like blood.
Qi Lin is characterized by fullness and oppression in the umbilical and abdominal regions, with difficult and painful urination.
Labor Lin is characterized by continuous dribbling of urine, dripping like water without cessation.
Gao Lin is characterized by the discharge of substances resembling grease or paste in the urine.
Sha Lin is characterized by dull pain in the abdomen and umbilicus, difficult urination, and unbearable pain that subsides momentarily as sand-like stones are passed through the urethra. The stones may be as large as fish eggs, varying in color between red or white (or yellow according to some texts), with no fixed luster. This condition arises from weak Kidney Qi combined with lust for women, where sexual activity occurs without ejaculation, or where ejaculation is uncontrollable, damaging the True Qi. Pathogenic heat gradually intensifies, condensing and aggregating to form stones. This is analogous to boiling salt in water: when the fire is strong and the water scarce, the salt gradually solidifies into stones. The Kidney belongs to Water, and the salty flavor returns to the Kidney. As water is consumed downward and deficiency-heat increases daily, it boils and coagulates to form stones. This pathology does not develop overnight but emerges after a long period, typically manifesting around five years. Once the condition deteriorates, death may occur within three years. Even in robust individuals, disaster will inevitably strike within five years. Urgent treatment is required. Among the eight types of Lin, Sha Lin is the most critical. If the pulse is large, forceful, and excess, the condition is treatable; if the pulse is deficient, small, and choppy, it is untreatable. "Deficiency" refers to the simultaneous weakness of the Kidney and Bladder, manifesting as seminal slipperiness, nocturnal emission, and involuntary urination. "Excess" refers to the closure and stagnation of meridians and collaterals, impeding the water pathways, manifesting as penile pain and leg soreness. Furthermore, regarding various Lin syndromes, if the accompanying signs match the syndrome, the prognosis is favorable; if they contradict the syndrome, the prognosis is ominous. Therefore, during treatment, careful deliberation is essential.