砭、石针也。《山海经》∶高氏之山多针石。《素问·异法方宜论》∶东方之民，黑色
疏理
，其病痈疡，其治宜砭石。古人针砭并重，药石同称。《史记·仓公传》∶年二十，是谓易
贸，法不当砭灸。汉时犹有此法，后世废之，并不识其石。博考诸书，只瓷锋砭血法，有以
石刺病遗义。爰亟录之，亦礼亡羊存之意耳。
一、砭赤游丹也。丹毒赤肿，先以水漱口，吮恶血各聚一处，用细瓷一片击碎，取锋芒
者，
将箸头劈破夹定，以线缚之，左手二指捻定，右手另取一箸，将锋芒对恶血处，轻轻击破，
血出后，以玉红膏封之。如小儿生在百日内者，忌用，患在头者，亦忌用。(《医宗金鉴》)
附∶《秘传极验方》∶银朱一钱，明雄黄五分，共研细末糁之，或敷亦可。
《玉机真脏论》∶脾风治法，可按、可药、可浴。《至真要大》论∶摩之，浴之……。
是浴
法为岐黄所用者。汉有仲师，述伊芳尹汤液之法，古治遂弃而不讲用，特搜录浴法数条，以存
古法之遗。
一、《千金方》浴法也。凡浴小儿汤，须冷热调和，勿令儿惊而生疾也。第在冬不可久
浴，
浴久则伤寒。夏不可久浴，浴久则伤热。若频浴而儿背受冷，则发痫，如不浴又令儿毛落。
一、《千金方》浴法也。凡新生儿，以猪胆一枚，取汁投汤，其汤则宜用桃根、梅根、
李根各二三枝， 咀，以水三斗，煮取二十沸，去滓，浴之能除不详，令儿终身无疮疥。
一、《简要济众方》浴法也。小儿初生，以益母草半斤，锉细，煎汤温浴之，能除百病
。
一、痘证浴法也。水杨叶(无叶用嫩枝)一斤，煎汤去滓，加酒少许，俟凉热得宜，入密
室中浴之。头面胸背宜少浴，治痘将出未出时，为寒邪所束，标不见，出不快，等证。
一、《证治准绳》浴法也。凡浴小儿后，以蚌粉轻轻扑之，然后包裹，能辟邪收湿散气
砭，就是石针。《山海经》记载：高氏之山盛产针石。《素问·异法方宜论》说：东方地区的百姓，肤色黑且皮肤纹理疏松，容易患痈疡（化脓性疮疡），治疗适宜用砭石。古人重视针刺与砭石并重，药物与石针同称。《史记·仓公传》记载：二十岁时，称为“易贸”（指气血逆乱、阴阳失调的病症），按照医理不应当使用砭石或艾灸。汉代还有这种方法，后世废弃了它，人们甚至不认识那种石头了。广泛考证各类书籍，只有瓷锋放血法，还保留着以石刺病遗留下来的意义。因此急忙记录这些方法，也是礼失求诸野、亡羊补牢的意思罢了。
一、砭法用于治疗赤游丹（一种新生儿急性感染性皮肤病）。丹毒表现为皮肤红肿胀痛，先用清水漱口，吮吸恶血使其聚集在一处，取一片细瓷器击碎，选取有锋利边缘的部分，将筷子头劈破夹住固定，用线绑紧，左手两指捏定，右手另取一根筷子，将锋芒对准恶血积聚处，轻轻击破皮肤，血液流出后，用玉红膏封贴伤口。如果婴儿在出生百日内，忌用此法；患处如果在头部，也忌用。（出自《医宗金鉴》）
附方：《秘传极验方》：银朱一钱，明雄黄五分，共同研成细末撒在患处，或者调敷也可以。
《素问·玉机真脏论》说：脾风的治疗方法，可以按摩、用药、洗浴。《素问·至真要大论》说：摩挲它，洗浴它……。这说明浴法是岐伯、黄帝所使用的疗法。汉代有张仲景，阐述伊尹汤液（中药汤剂）的方法，古代的治疗方式于是被抛弃而不加研究使用，这里特意搜集记录几条浴法，以保存古法的遗存。
一、《千金方》中的浴法。凡是给小儿洗澡的水，必须冷热调和，不要让婴儿受惊而生病。只是在冬天不可长时间洗澡，洗久了会伤于寒邪。夏天不可长时间洗澡，洗久了会伤于热邪。如果频繁洗澡而婴儿背部受冷，则会引发痫证（抽搐痉挛类疾病），如果不洗澡又会导致婴儿毛发脱落。
一、《千金方》中的浴法。凡是新生儿，用一个猪胆，取胆汁投入洗澡水中，这种水适宜用桃根、梅根、李根各二三枝，切碎，用三斗水，煮至沸腾二十次，滤去药渣，用来给婴儿洗澡，能去除不祥之气，让婴儿终身不生疮疥。
一、《简要济众方》中的浴法。婴儿刚出生时，用益母草半斤，切碎，煎汤温洗婴儿，能去除百病。
一、痘疹病症的浴法。用水杨叶（没有叶子就用嫩枝）一斤，煎汤滤去药渣，加入少许酒，等到水温冷热适宜，进入密闭房间中给婴儿洗澡。头部、面部、胸部、背部适宜少洗，适用于痘疹将要发出但尚未发出的时候，因寒邪束缚，体表症状不明显，出疹缓慢等情况。
Bian (Stone Needle) refers to stone needles. The *Classic of Mountains and Seas* records: Gaoshi Mountain is abundant in needle stones. The *Suwen: Yifa Fangyi Lun* states: People in the Eastern region have dark skin and loose skin texture; their diseases are often carbuncles and sores, and the appropriate treatment is Bian stone. In ancient times, acupuncture and Bian were given equal importance, and medicines and stones were referred to together. The *Records of the Grand Historian: Biography of Cang Gong* records: At twenty years old, this condition is called "Yi Mao" (referring to disorders of Qi and blood with yin-yang imbalance), and according to medical principles, Bian or moxibustion should not be used. This method still existed in the Han Dynasty, but was abandoned in later generations, and people no longer recognized such stones. After extensively consulting various books, only the porcelain-point bloodletting method retains the legacy of using stones to treat disease. Therefore, I hastily record these methods, out of the intention to preserve what remains of lost traditions.
1. Bian is used to treat Chi You Dan (a form of acute infectious dermatitis characterized by spreading redness). For carbuncle-toxin presenting as red swelling, first rinse the mouth with water, suck out the foul blood until it gathers in one area, take a piece of fine porcelain and shatter it, select the sharp-edged fragments, split the head of a chopstick to clamp the fragment, bind it tightly with thread, hold it firmly with two fingers of the left hand, and use another chopstick in the right hand to gently strike the sharp edge against the site of accumulated foul blood. Once blood flows, seal the wound with Yuhong Ointment. This method is contraindicated for infants within 100 days of birth, and also contraindicated if the lesion is on the head. (From *Yizong Jinjian*)
Appendix: *Michuan Jiyan Fang*: Silver Cinnabar (Ag2S) 1 qian, Realgar (As4S4) 5 fen, grind both into fine powder and sprinkle on the lesion, or apply as a poultice.
The *Suwen: Yuji Zhenzang Lun* states: The treatment for Pi Feng (Spleen Wind) can include massage, medication, and bathing. The *Suwen: Zhizhen Yao Da Lun* states: Rub it, bathe it... Thus, bathing is a therapy utilized by Qibo and Huangdi. In the Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhongjing expounded upon the methods of Yi Yin's decoctions (herbal medicine), causing ancient therapeutic practices to be abandoned and neglected. Here, several bathing methods are specifically collected and recorded to preserve the remnants of ancient techniques.
1. Bathing method from *Qianjin Fang*. Whenever bathing an infant, the water temperature must be balanced and moderate, ensuring the child is not startled into illness. However, in winter, prolonged bathing should be avoided, as it may lead to Cold injury. In summer, prolonged bathing should be avoided, as it may lead to Heat injury. If bathing frequently causes the infant's back to become cold, it may trigger Epilepsy (seizures/spasms); conversely, not bathing at all may cause hair loss.
1. Bathing method from *Qianjin Fang*. For newborns, take one pig gallbladder, extract the bile, and add it to the bathwater. The bathwater should be prepared using branches of Peach root, Plum root, and Li (Plum) root, 2-3 branches each, chopped coarsely. Boil in three dou of water until reduced by twenty boils, strain the dregs, and use for bathing. This can dispel misfortune and ensure the child remains free from sores and scabies throughout life.
1. Bathing method from *Jianyao Jizhong Fang*. For a newly born infant, use half a jin of Motherwort Herb (Leonurus japonicus), finely chopped, decocted in water for a warm bath. This can eliminate myriad diseases.
1. Bathing method for Smallpox/Rash conditions. Use one jin of Water Willow Leaf (Salix integra leaf; if leaves are unavailable, use tender twigs), decoct in water, strain the dregs, add a small amount of wine, and wait until the temperature is comfortable. Bathe the infant in a sealed room. The head, face, chest, and back should be bathed sparingly. This is indicated when rashes are about to erupt but have not yet appeared, constrained by Cold Evil, resulting in obscure surface symptoms and slow eruption.
1. Bathing method from *Zhengzhi Zhunsheng*. After bathing an infant, lightly dust the body with Concha Meretricis (Clam Shell Powder), then wrap the infant. This can dispel evil qi, absorb dampness, and dissipate stagnant qi.