疹，亦温热所化也，从肺所发。其先必咽痛咳嗽，身热恶风，脉浮数，宜散表清肺，苏
叶
（早春初冬用之） 薄荷、杏仁、连翘、花粉、地骨皮、蝉衣、橘红、生甘草、竹叶、西河柳
枝。热甚加黄芩，咽痛加射干、马勃，有痰加象贝，二三剂可痊。愈后忌肉食一月，避风为
要。蔗浆甘寒，病中最宜。
此症有轻有重，轻者不过肺气不宣，火郁咽痛，或心火上炎，治肺有郁火者，用苏叶、
（不
恶寒可勿用） 薄荷、杏仁、射干、橘红、马勃、连翘、元参。火甚者，加黄芩或石膏。
痰涎缠绕，加天虫、象贝。治心火上炎，竹卷心、灯心、茯神、甘草，或加黄连、连翘，俱
一二服可愈。惟有一种冬温，伏火又为寒邪所袭，每在小寒后，春分前，患恶寒身热，脉紧
咽喉作痛，不能纳食。若失治与治之不当，必致胶痰壅盛，并鼻塞不通，一二日间，多有殒
命。治法须用大青龙汤、麻桂散寒邪，石膏清伏火，杏仁开肺，炙甘、姜、枣和表里，煎服
取效甚速。予治五房工人张二，腊月患喉痛颈肿，恶寒壮热，脉紧神呆，语言不清，用前方
得汗即瘥。后周身脱皮，可见伏火寒邪，尽从肌肤而泄，皮受冲夺，故麸而脱也。不然极甚
之邪，尽升于三寸之喉，其不毙者几希。再用真鸭嘴胆矾研细，同酽醋调。（酽醋，醋之好
者）用鸡翎蘸探喉中，吐出胶痰，胀即松而可愈矣。此方最效。胆矾须平时购得，以便临时
取用也。蛾喉者，喉间起紫血泡如茧。一为单蛾，二为双蛾，泡起象茧，故曰蛾。亦因风寒
火毒而成。血泡须用银针点破出血，即无妨，用药亦宜散风寒，清郁火。更有大便燥结，多
日不解者，用大黄下之，为釜底抽薪法亦可。间旋上病取下，古人有之。若从肝肾而发，用
八味汤，导火归源。予未之遇，不敢妄断焉。
疹，也是由温热邪气转化而成的疾病，发源于肺脏。发病初期必然出现咽喉疼痛、咳嗽、身体发热、怕风、脉象浮数等症状，治疗宜采用疏散表邪、清泄肺热的治法，方用苏叶（早春和初冬时节使用）、薄荷、杏仁、连翘、天花粉、地骨皮、蝉蜕、橘红、生甘草、竹叶、西河柳枝。如果热势严重，加入黄芩；咽喉疼痛剧烈，加入射干、马勃；有痰液，加入象贝母（浙贝母），服用二三剂即可痊愈。病愈后忌食肉类一个月，避免受风是关键。甘蔗汁味甘性寒，患病期间最为适宜。
这种病症有轻有重之分。轻症不过是肺气不宣畅，火邪郁结导致咽喉疼痛，或者是心火上炎。治疗肺气有郁火的，用苏叶（如果不恶寒可以不用）、薄荷、杏仁、射干、橘红、马勃、连翘、玄参。火邪严重的，加入黄芩或石膏。痰涎缠绕，加入天南星（此处指僵蚕，即天虫）、象贝母。治疗心火上炎的，用竹卷心、灯心草、茯神、甘草，或者加入黄连、连翘，通常服用一二剂即可痊愈。唯独有一种冬温病，伏藏的火热之邪又被寒邪侵袭，往往在小寒之后、春分之前发作，表现为怕冷、身体发热、脉象紧、咽喉疼痛、不能进食。如果延误治疗或治疗不当，必然导致胶固的痰液壅盛，并且鼻塞不通，一两天内多有死亡的危险。治疗方法必须使用大青龙汤、麻黄桂枝散除寒邪，石膏清泄伏藏的火邪，杏仁开宣肺气，炙甘草、生姜、大枣调和表里，煎服后见效很快。我治疗过五房工人张二，腊月患咽喉痛、颈部肿胀，怕冷、高热、脉象紧、神情呆滞、语言不清，使用前面的方剂，出汗后即痊愈。后来全身脱皮，可见伏藏的火热之邪和寒邪，都从肌肤排泄出去，皮肤受到冲击掠夺，所以像麦麸一样脱落。否则，极厉害的邪气全部上攻到仅三寸长的咽喉，不死的几率就很小了。再用真鸭嘴胆矾研成细末，同浓醋调匀。（酽醋，指优质的醋）用鸡毛蘸取探入喉咙中，吐出胶固的痰液，肿胀就会缓解而痊愈。这个方子最有效。胆矾须平时购买好，以便临时取用。蛾喉，是指咽喉间起紫红色的血泡，形状像蚕茧。一种叫单蛾，一种叫双蛾，血泡隆起像蚕茧，所以叫蛾。也是因为风寒和火毒造成的。血泡需要用银针点破出血，就没有妨碍，用药也宜疏散风寒，清泄郁火。更有大便干燥坚硬，多天不解的，用大黄泻下，这是釜底抽薪的方法也可以。间或运用上病下取的治疗方法，古人已有先例。如果是从肝肾发出的，用八味丸（金匮肾气丸），引导火气回归本源。我没有遇到过这种情况，不敢妄加判断。
Rash (Zhen) is also a disease transformed from warm-heat pathogens, originating from the Lung. Initially, it must present with sore throat, cough, fever, aversion to wind, and a floating, rapid pulse. The treatment should involve dispersing the exterior and clearing the Lung. The prescription consists of Perilla Leaf (Su Ye, used in early spring and early winter), Mint (Bohe), Apricot Kernel (Xingren), Forsythia Fruit (Lianqiao), Trichosanthes Root (Huafen), Cortex Lycii (Digupi), Cicada Slough (Chanyi), Tangerine Peel (Juhong), Raw Licorice Root (Sheng Gancao), Bamboo Leaves (Zhuye), and Willow Twig (Xihe Liuzhi). If the heat is severe, add Scutellaria Root (Huangqin); if the sore throat is severe, add Belamcanda Rhizome (Shegan) and Fritillaria Bulb (Mabo); if there is phlegm, add Zhebei Mother-bulb (Xiangbei). Recovery can be expected after two or three doses. After recovery, meat should be avoided for one month, and avoiding wind is crucial. Sugarcane juice is sweet and cold in nature, making it most suitable during the illness.
This condition varies in severity. Mild cases merely involve the failure of Lung Qi to diffuse, fire stagnation causing sore throat, or Heart Fire flaming upward. For treating Lung Qi with stagnant fire, use Perilla Leaf (omit if there is no aversion to cold), Mint, Apricot Kernel, Belamcanda Rhizome, Tangerine Peel, Fritillaria Bulb, Forsythia Fruit, and Scrophularia Root (Xuanshen). If the fire is severe, add Scutellaria Root or Gypsum (Shigao). If phlegm and saliva are entangled, add Silkworm (Tianchong, referring to Bombyx Batryticatus) and Zhebei Mother-bulb. For treating Heart Fire flaming upward, use Bamboo Core (Zhujuanxin), Centella Herb (Dengxincao), Poria (Fushen), and Licorice Root, or add Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian) and Forsythia Fruit. Usually, one or two doses will suffice. However, there is a specific type of Winter-Warmth disease where latent fire is attacked by cold pathogens. It often occurs after Minor Cold but before Spring Equinox, presenting with aversion to cold, fever, tight pulse, sore throat, and inability to eat. If treatment is delayed or improper, it will inevitably lead to abundant, tenacious phlegm obstruction and nasal congestion, with death likely within one or two days. The treatment method must employ Maxing Shigan Tang (Major Green Dragon Decoction) and Mahuang Guizhi Decoction to disperse cold pathogens, Gypsum to clear latent fire, Apricot Kernel to open the Lung, and Honey-fried Licorice Root, Ginger, and Jujube to harmonize the interior and exterior. Decoct and take orally; efficacy is very rapid. I treated a worker named Zhang Er from Wu Fang, who suffered from sore throat and neck swelling in the twelfth lunar month, with aversion to cold, high fever, tight pulse, lethargy, and unclear speech. Using the aforementioned formula, he recovered immediately after sweating. Later, his whole body shed skin, indicating that the latent fire and cold pathogens were all excreted through the skin. The skin was subjected to conflict and plunder, hence shedding like bran. Otherwise, extremely pathogenic factors ascending entirely to the three-cun-long throat would make survival unlikely. Additionally, use real duck-mouth Chalcanthite (Danfan) ground into fine powder, mixed with strong vinegar (Yan cu, meaning high-quality vinegar). Dip a chicken feather into the mixture and probe the throat to induce vomiting of tenacious phlegm; the swelling will relax, and recovery will ensue. This prescription is most effective. Chalcanthite should be purchased in advance for emergency use. E-throat (E hou) refers to purple blood blisters appearing in the throat, resembling silkworm cocoons. There is single-e and double-e. The blisters rise like cocoons, hence the name "e." It is also caused by wind-cold and fire-toxicity. The blood blisters must be punctured with a silver needle to release blood, which poses no harm. Medication should also focus on dispersing wind-cold and clearing stagnant fire. In cases of dry and hard stool with multiple days of non-defecation, using Rhubarb (Dahuang) to purge is also a method of "removing firewood from under the cauldron" (Fu Di Chou Xin). Occasionally employing the principle of treating upper diseases by purging lower bowels has precedents in ancient texts. If the condition originates from the Liver and Kidney, use Ba Wei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia) to guide fire back to its source. I have not encountered such cases and dare not speculate rashly.