李笠山，国初山人。善为词曲，其说仗新巧，如曰∶天若只有三季而无夏，则人病必少
。盖
夏月流金烁石，溽暑烦蒸。人当是境，饮食生冷，贪凉露坐，在所不免。劳力之夫，白汗淋
漓，脏腑坚实，尚可支持；膏粱之人，无此二者，多患霍乱吐泻，或疟或痢。试观他时，何
尝有也？即秋季之疾，亦由夏月所酿，时至而发，故天无暑令，人可免病矣。其说诚然。我
谓天有四时，生长收藏，何可缺一？人能于夏至前，便远房帷；当三伏盛热，须念伏阴在内
，宜温茶暖饭，薄滋味，一切瓜桃少啖，不露坐纳凉，道途奔走，晓行昼歇，居家恬淡寡营
；若有大树蔽屋，疏廉清簟，假物调情，惟觉昼长可爱，何夏热之能病患哉？
车牛多骨立，驿马多早毙，休息少也。山禽与野兽，不为人猎取，从无见有自死者，散
逸多
也。牛马有病，役于人也。禽兽无病，得自由也。易曰∶天行健，君子自强不息。人可饱食
不事事乎？但不可过劳，不可焦心。黎明至午，应行之事，只管去做；午后不妨休息养神。
夫牛马之劳，本非所愿，为畜于人，欲罢不能；山禽野兽，一巢一穴之外，惟觅食不饥则已
。人能若是乎，大则为国为民，小则谋食谋衣，各行其志，亦各有所乐。故虽劳能臻上寿，
颓惰自甘者，亦未必延龄也。外厩之马，田家之牛，刍豢得宜，劳逸得中，亦何尝骨立而早
毙耶？前作摄生一卷，每言静养。然人之于事，岂可尽废。故书此可参阅之。
李笠山，是清初的一位隐士。他擅长创作词曲，其言论新颖巧妙，曾说：“如果上天只有三个季节而没有夏天，那么人的疾病一定会减少。”大概是因为夏季气温极高，酷热蒸腾。人在这种环境下，难免会饮食生冷、贪图凉意而在露天坐卧。从事体力劳动的人，虽然大汗淋漓，但脏腑坚实，尚能支撑；而那些生活优渥之人，没有这两种情况（指劳力和汗出），却多患上霍乱吐泻，或者疟疾、痢疾。试看其他季节，何曾有过这么多此类病症呢？即使是秋季的疾病，也是由夏季所酿成，到了时节才发作，所以如果没有暑热令行，人们就可以避免生病。他的说法确实有道理。
我认为上天有四季，对应生长收藏，怎么能缺少一个呢？人如果在夏至之前，就远离房事；在三伏天盛热之时，须想到体内潜伏着阴寒之气，适宜喝温茶吃暖饭，口味清淡，一切瓜果桃子少吃，不在露天坐卧纳凉，赶路奔波时，清晨出发白天休息，居家时心境恬淡、少欲寡求；如果有大树遮蔽房屋，疏朗的窗帘和清凉的竹席，借助外物调节情趣，只觉得白昼漫长可爱，那么夏天的炎热又怎么能成为病患呢？
车马大多骨骼显露，驿站的马匹大多早亡，这是因为休息太少。山林禽鸟和野兽，不被人类猎取，从未见过有自然死亡的，这是因为它们散逸自由。牛马有病，是因为被人类役使。禽兽无病，是因为得到自由。《易经》说：“天行健，君子自强不息。”人难道可以吃饱了饭就不做事吗？只是不可以过度劳累，不可以焦虑操心。从黎明到中午，应当做的事，只管去做；午后不妨休息以养神。牛马的劳作，本来不是它们的意愿，因为被人类畜养，想停止也不能停止；山林禽兽，除了巢穴之外，只要觅食不饿就可以了。人能像它们那样吗？大的方面为国为民，小的方面谋求生计衣食，各自实现志向，也各自有所快乐。所以虽然勤劳能达到高寿，但颓废懒惰自甘堕落的人，也未必能延长寿命。圈养的马，田间的牛，饲料得当，劳逸适中，又何尝会骨骼显露而早亡呢？之前的养生一卷中，每每强调静养。然而人对事务，岂能完全废弃。所以写下这些供参考阅读。
Li Lishan was a recluse in the early Qing Dynasty. He was skilled in composing ci poetry and qu tunes, and his remarks were novel and ingenious. He once said: "If Heaven had only three seasons and no summer, human diseases would certainly be fewer." This is because during the summer months, temperatures are scorching, and humid heat steams and roasts. In such an environment, people inevitably consume raw and cold foods, seek coolness by sitting outdoors, and expose themselves to the elements. Laborers, despite dripping with sweat, have solid internal organs (Zang-Fu) and can still endure; whereas those living in luxury, lacking these two factors (labor and sweating), often suffer from cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea, or malaria (Malaria) and dysentery (Dysentery). Observe other seasons; do they ever have so many such ailments? Even autumn diseases are brewed during summer and manifest when the time comes. Thus, if there were no summer heat, people could avoid illness. His argument is indeed valid.
I maintain that Heaven has four seasons, corresponding to growth, flourishing, harvesting, and storing; how can one be missing? If people abstain from sexual intercourse (avoiding the bedchamber) before the Summer Solstice (Xiazhi); and during the intense heat of the Sanfu days, remember that Yin Cold lurks within the body. One should drink warm tea, eat warm meals, keep flavors light, consume few melons and peaches, avoid sitting outdoors to cool off, travel by leaving at dawn and resting during the day, and live at home with a tranquil mind and few desires. If one has large trees shading the house, sheer curtains, and cool bamboo mats, using external objects to regulate mood, feeling that long days are delightful, then how can summer heat become a disease?
Draft animals and horses often appear emaciated, and post-horses often die young due to insufficient rest. Wild birds and beasts, not hunted by humans, are never seen dying naturally, due to their free and scattered lifestyle. Cattle and horses fall ill because they are役ed by humans. Birds and beasts remain healthy because they enjoy freedom. The *I Ching* (Book of Changes) states: "The movement of Heaven is full of power. Thus the superior man makes himself strong and untiring." Can humans simply eat their fill and do nothing? One must not overwork oneself, nor worry excessively. From dawn until noon, whatever tasks need to be done should be carried out; after noon, one may rest to nourish the spirit (Shen). The labor of cattle and horses is not their desire; being domesticated, they cannot stop. Wild birds and beasts, apart from their nests and burrows, only need to forage to avoid hunger. Can humans act like them? On a grand scale, serving the country and people; on a small scale, seeking food and clothing, each following their will and finding joy. Therefore, although diligence can lead to longevity, those who are decadent and lazy may not necessarily extend their lifespan. Horses in stables and oxen in fields, provided their fodder is appropriate and their work and rest are balanced, do they ever become emaciated and die young? In my previous volume on health preservation, I often emphasized quiet nourishment. However, can humans completely abandon affairs? Thus, I write this for reference.