吴球治一人。暑月远行。渴饮泉水。至晚以单席阴地上睡。顷间。寒热。吐泻不得。身
痛如刀刮。医曰。此中暑也。进黄连香薷饮及六和汤。随服随厥。吴诊其脉细紧而伏。曰。
此中寒也。众皆笑曰。六月中寒。有是事乎。吴曰。人肥白。素畏热。好服黄连及益元散等
凉剂。况途中饮水既多。又单席卧地。寒邪深入。当以附子理中汤。大服乃济。用之果效。
震按中寒一门。喻嘉言论之最精。然此证易辨。无甚诡幻。惟内寒外热格阳戴阳者。不
可认错。此又当于伤寒门细研之。盖中寒与伤寒不同也。类案载一木商。久立风雨湿地。衣
服尽濡。患寒热交作。遍身胀痛。欲人击打。莫知为何病。服药罔效。忽思烧酒。热饮数杯
觉快。数饮至醉而愈。可见中寒之易治矣。又载吴御医治富翁中寒。用生附子三枚。重三
两。作一剂。他医减半进之。病遂已。吴复诊。已知之。曰。何减吾成药也。吾投三枚。将
使活三年。今止活年半耳。后年余。复发而卒。此等邪说。殊不可信。夫药以治病。中病即
止。太过则变生他病矣。是人服附子枚半。病已愈。则不宜多至三枚也。若必须三枚。则枚
半未能愈其病也。乃云吾投三枚。使活三年。是以之延年。非以之治病。何不投三十枚。俾
活三十年乎。
吴球诊治一位患者。在暑热月份长途跋涉，口渴时饮用了泉水。到了晚上，他独自躺在阴凉的地面上睡觉。过了一会儿，出现寒热交替、呕吐腹泻不止的症状，身体疼痛如同刀刮一般。医生说是中暑，给予黄连香薷饮和六和汤服用。结果服药后随即出现四肢厥冷（阳气衰微，不能温煦四肢）。吴球诊察其脉象细紧而沉伏，说：“这是中寒证。”众人都嘲笑说：“六月天里会有中寒这种事吗？”吴球说：“此人形体肥白，平素怕热，喜欢服用黄连及益元散等凉性药物。况且途中饮水过多，又独自躺卧在地，寒邪深入体内，应当使用附子理中汤，大量服用才能见效。”用药后果然有效。
俞震按语：关于中寒这一门类，喻嘉言论述得非常精辟。然而此证容易辨别，没有什么诡秘难测之处。只有内寒外热、格阳、戴阳的情况，不可认错。这又应当在伤寒门类中仔细研究。因为中寒与伤寒是不同的。《类案》中记载一个木商，长时间站立在风雨潮湿的地方，衣服全部湿透，患上了寒热交替发作、全身胀痛、想要让人击打的症状，不知道是什么病，服药无效。忽然想喝烧酒，热饮几杯后感觉舒服，多次饮用直到醉倒而痊愈。由此可见中寒是容易治疗的。又记载吴御医治治一位富翁中寒，使用生附子三枚，重三两，作为一剂药。其他医生减半服用，病就好了。吴球复诊时，已经知道了这件事，说：“为什么减少我的成方剂量呢？我投用三枚，将使病人活三年。现在只活了年半罢了。”后来一年多，病情复发而死。这种说法纯属邪说，非常不可信。药物是用来治病的，击中病症就应停止，太过则会产生其他疾病。这个人服用附子一枚半，病已痊愈，就不应该多用至三枚。如果必须用三枚，那么一枚半就不能治愈他的病。却说“我投用三枚，使活三年”，这是用来延年益寿，而不是用来治病。为什么不投用三十枚，让他活三十年呢？
Wu Qiu treated a patient. During the hot summer months, he traveled a long distance and, thirsty, drank spring water. In the evening, he slept alone on a thin mat placed on the cool ground. After a short while, he developed alternating chills and fever, intractable vomiting and diarrhea, and body pain as if scraped by knives. The physician diagnosed this as heatstroke (Zhongshu) and administered Huanglian Xiangru Yin (Coptis and Elsholtzia Decoction) and Liuhe Tang (Six-Harmony Decoction). Following administration, the patient immediately developed limb coldness (Jue). Wu Qiu palpated the pulse, finding it fine, tight, and deep-hidden, and stated, "This is cold-stroke (Zhonghan)." Everyone laughed and said, "Can cold-stroke occur in the sixth lunar month?" Wu Qiu replied, "This person has a fat and fair complexion, is naturally afraid of heat, and likes to take cooling agents such as Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) and Yiyuan San (Benefit-Primordial Powder). Moreover, having drunk much water during the journey and lying alone on the ground, pathogenic cold has penetrated deeply. One should use Fuzi Lizhong Tang (Aconite Decoction for Regulating the Middle) and administer it in large doses to achieve relief." The treatment proved effective.
Yu Zhen commented: Regarding the category of cold-stroke, Yu Jiayan's discussion is most refined. However, this syndrome is easy to differentiate and lacks obscurity. Only cases of internal cold with external heat, floating yang (Ge Yang), or floating face (Dai Yang) must not be misdiagnosed. These require careful study within the category of cold damage (Shanghan), as cold-stroke differs from cold damage. *Lei An* records a case of a timber merchant who stood for a long time in wind, rain, and damp places, with his clothes completely soaked. He suffered from alternating chills and fever, generalized distending pain, and an urge to have people strike him. He did not know what disease he had, and medications were ineffective. Suddenly craving distilled liquor, he drank several cups hot and felt relieved. After drinking repeatedly until intoxicated, he recovered. This shows that cold-stroke is easy to treat. Another record describes Physician Wu Yuzhi treating a wealthy man with cold-stroke using three raw Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata), weighing three taels, as a single dose. Other physicians halved the dose, and the illness resolved. Upon re-examination, Wu Qiu already knew of this and said, "Why did you reduce my prescribed dosage? I would have administered three pieces to make him live for three years. Now he lives only half a year." More than a year later, the disease recurred, and he died. Such talk is heretical and highly unreliable. Medicines are used to cure diseases; once the disease is addressed, administration should stop. Excessiveness leads to other illnesses. If this person took one and a half pieces of Fuzi and the disease was cured, there was no need to increase to three pieces. If three pieces were necessary, then one and a half pieces would not have cured the disease. To say "I administered three pieces to make him live three years" implies using them for longevity, not for curing disease. Why not administer thirty pieces to make him live thirty years?