小儿纯阳多热，心气郁而多疮，胎食过而受热毒，犀角散为最。余如法，若大下，
恐伤其胃。
丹溪曰∶六阳经有多气少血者，有少血多气者，有多气多血者，不可概论。诸经惟
少阳、厥阴生痈，理宜预防，以其多气少血，血少肌肉难长，疮口久不合，必成死证。
或者遽用驱毒利药，以伐阴分之血，祸不旋踵，才得肿疼，参之脉证，若有虚弱，便与
滋补，血气无亏，可保终吉，若用寻常驱热拔毒及散气药，虚虚之祸，如反掌耳。
一人年三十，左腿外臃红肿，一人年四十胁下红肿，二人皆不预防本经少阳血少，
猛浪用大黄攻里而死。
一人年六十，左膊外侧一核。一女髀骨中痛。二人亦不预防本经血少，猛浪用五香
十宣表散死。（以上病例，不系膏粱丹毒火热之变，因虚劳气郁所致，只宜补形气，调经
脉，疮当自消，不待汗下而已也。若不详脉症经络受病之异，下之，先犯病禁经禁，故致
失手也。）
凡痈疽或已成，血气虚者、邪气深者，邪气散漫不能突起，亦难溃脓，或溃后脓少，
或脓清稀，或坚硬不软，或虽得脓而根脚红，脓开大，皆气血虚，邪气盛，兼以六淫之邪，
变生诸证，必用内托，以补药为主，令其毒热出于肌表，则易愈也。须是补药为君，活血驱
邪之药为臣，或以辛香之药行其郁滞，或加温热之药御其风寒。
亦有疮疽肿痛，初生一二日，便觉脉沉细而烦闷，脏腑弱而皮寒，邪毒猛浪，恍惚
不宁，外证沉深者，即当用托里散或增损茯苓汤、及温热之剂，以从治之。
或问内托，河间治肿 于外，根盘不深，形证在表，其表多浮，病在皮肉，非气盛
则必侵于内，急须内托，宜复煎散，除湿散郁，使胃气和平，如或未已，再煎半料饮之。
如大便秘及烦热，少服黄连汤。如微利，及烦热已退，却与复煎散。如此是荣卫俱行，邪
气不能内伤。
小儿体质属纯阳，易生热邪，心气郁结则易患疮疡；若胎毒与饮食积滞过度而受热毒侵袭，犀角散是最适宜的方剂。其余治疗方法可参照常规法则，但如果使用峻下法，恐怕会损伤脾胃之气。
朱丹溪说：六阳经中，有的经脉多气少血，有的少血多气，有的多气多血，不能一概而论。各条经络中，只有少阳经和厥阴经发生痈肿时，理应提前预防，因为这两条经脉多气少血，血液不足导致肌肉难以生长，疮口长久不愈合，最终必然导致死亡。有人急于使用驱除毒邪、通利二便的药物，从而耗伐阴分之血，灾祸立刻就会降临。刚出现肿胀疼痛时，参合脉象和症状，如果发现有虚弱的表现，就应当给予滋补药物，使气血不亏损，就能保证最终痊愈；如果使用常规的清热拔毒及行气药物，造成虚上加虚的祸害，就像翻手掌一样容易（迅速）。
有一个三十岁的人，左腿外侧红肿隆起；另一个人四十岁，胁下红肿，这两人都没有预先考虑到本经（少阳）血少的特点，猛烈地使用大黄攻逐里实而死。
还有一个六十岁的人，左臂外侧有一个硬结；一个女子大腿骨中疼痛。这两人也未预先考虑到本经血少，猛烈地使用五香十宣散进行表散治疗而死。（以上病例，并非由膏粱厚味、丹毒或火热之邪变化所致，而是因虚劳和气机郁结引起，只宜补益形体元气，调理经脉，疮疡自然会消退，不需要等待发汗或攻下即可治愈。如果不详细辨别脉症及经络受病的差异，妄用攻下法，首先违反了病禁和经禁，所以导致治疗失误。）
凡是痈疽如果已经形成，对于气血虚弱、邪气深重的情况，邪气散漫不能突起，也难以化脓；或者溃破后脓液稀少，或者脓液清稀，或者患处坚硬不软，或者虽然出了脓但根部红肿、脓口扩大，这些都是气血虚弱、邪气旺盛，兼夹六淫邪气，变生各种证候，必须使用内托法，以补益药物为主，使毒热从肌表排出，这样就容易痊愈。必须以补药为君药，活血驱邪的药为臣药，或者用辛香类药物疏通郁滞，或者加入温热类药物抵御风寒。
也有疮疽肿痛，初生一两天，就觉得脉象沉细且烦闷，脏腑虚弱且皮肤寒冷，邪毒猛烈猖獗，神志恍惚不安，外部症状深沉严重的，就应当立即使用托里散或增损茯苓汤，以及温热性质的药剂，采用“从治”的方法（即顺从其假象而治）。
有人问关于内托法，刘河间治疗肿胀在外、根盘不深、形证在表、其脉多浮、病位在皮肉的情况，如果不是气盛，邪气必然会侵入内部，急需内托，适宜用复煎散，以除湿散郁，使胃气平和；如果病情未止，再服用半料。如果大便秘结及烦热，少量服用黄连汤。如果轻微腹泻，且烦热已退，再给予复煎散。这样做是营卫之气共同运行，邪气不能内伤脏腑。
Children's constitutions are purely Yang and prone to heat; when Heart Qi is stagnant, sores often arise. If fetal toxins and dietary accumulations are excessive and affected by heat-toxins, Xijiao San (Rhinoceros Horn Powder) is the most suitable formula. Other treatments should follow standard protocols; however, if drastic purgation is used, it may damage the Stomach Qi.
Zhu Danxi stated: Among the six Yang meridians, some have abundant Qi and scarce Blood, some have scarce Qi and abundant Blood, and some have both abundant Qi and Blood; they cannot be generalized. Among all meridians, only the Shaoyang (Lesser Yang) and Jueyin (Terminal Yin) meridians are prone to carbuncles and should be prevented in advance. This is because these two meridians have abundant Qi but scarce Blood; with insufficient Blood, muscle tissue is difficult to regenerate, and sores fail to heal for a long time, inevitably leading to fatal outcomes. Some practitioners hastily use drugs that expel toxins and promote bowel movements, thereby depleting the Blood of the Yin aspect, bringing disaster swiftly. When swelling and pain first appear, upon correlating pulse and symptoms, if weakness is detected, tonifying agents should be administered immediately to prevent deficiency of Qi and Blood, ensuring a favorable outcome. Conversely, using routine heat-clearing, toxin-resolving, or Qi-moving drugs will cause a "deficiency on top of deficiency" disaster, which happens as easily as flipping a hand.
A thirty-year-old man presented with redness and swelling on the lateral aspect of his left leg; a forty-year-old man had redness and swelling under his ribs. Both died after recklessly using Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) to purge interior excess, without considering the inherent scarcity of Blood in their respective meridians (Shaoyang).
A sixty-year-old man had a nodule on the lateral aspect of his left arm; a young woman suffered from pain in her thigh bone. Both also died after recklessly using Wuxiang Shixuan San (Five-Aromatic Ten-Aperture Powder) for exterior dispersion, failing to anticipate the blood-scarcity of the involved meridians. (The above cases were not caused by changes from rich foods, erysipelas, or fire-heat pathogens, but resulted from consumptive fatigue and Qi stagnation. Treatment should have focused on tonifying the physical vitality and regulating the meridians, allowing the sores to resolve spontaneously without requiring sweating or purging. Failure to meticulously differentiate pulses, symptoms, and meridian involvement led to the violation of contraindications for diseases and meridians, resulting in therapeutic failure.)
Whenever carbuncles and ulcers have formed, in cases of deficient Qi and Blood or deep-seated pathogenic factors, the pathogens may scatter and fail to protrude, making suppuration difficult. Or, after ulceration, there may be scant pus, thin pus, induration without softening, or even if pus appears, the base remains red and the opening large. These indicate deficient Qi and Blood combined with exuberant pathogens and invasion by the Six Exogenous Pathogens, generating various syndromes. In such cases, Neituo (Internal Support/Supporting the Interior) therapy must be employed, primarily using tonifying herbs to allow the toxin-heat to exit via the muscular surface, facilitating recovery. Tonifying herbs should serve as the Sovereign (Jun) drugs, while blood-invigorating and pathogen-expelling herbs act as Ministers (Chen). Alternatively, acrid-aromatic herbs can be used to move stagnation, or warm-hot herbs added to ward off wind-cold.
In cases where carbuncles and ulcers present with swelling and pain, and within one or two days of onset, the pulse is deep and fine accompanied by restlessness, the Zang-Fu organs are weak, the skin is cold, the pathogenic toxin is fierce, the patient is agitated and uneasy, and external signs are deep-seated, Toli San (Support-the-Interior Powder), Zengsun Fuling Tang (Modified Poria Decoction), or warm-hot preparations should be used immediately to treat according to the apparent syndrome (Congzhi).
Regarding Neituo therapy, Liu Hejian treated swellings located externally with shallow bases and superficial manifestations, where the pulse was typically floating and the disease resided in the skin and flesh. If the Qi was not exuberant, the pathogen would inevitably invade internally, necessitating immediate Neituo. The appropriate formula was Fujian San (Double-Decoction Powder) to drain dampness and dissipate stagnation, harmonizing Stomach Qi. If the condition persisted, half a dose could be decocted again and consumed. If constipation and irritability/heat were present, a small amount of Huanglian Tang (Coptis Decoction) was given. If there was mild diarrhea and the irritability/heat had subsided, Fujian San was then administered. This approach ensures the smooth flow of Ying (Nutrient) and Wei (Defensive) Qi, preventing internal injury by pathogens.