瞳子散大，由食辛热之物太甚故也。所谓辛主散热，则助火上乘于脑中，故精散，而视
物亦散大也。夫睛明，所以视万物者也，令视物不真则精衰矣。盖火之与气，势不两立。故经
曰∶壮火食气，壮火散气。手少阴、足厥阴所主，风热连目系，邪入中人，各从其类，故循此
道而攻。头目肿闷，瞳子散大，皆血虚阴弱故也，当除风热，凉血益血，以收耗散之气则愈矣。
拳毛倒睫之病，为脾受木邪风火糜害，故两睑受伤，外缓内急之所致也。盖内复热致
阴气外行，当去内热并火邪。眼皮内缓则睫不倒，拳毛立出，翳膜立退。治用手法，掉出内睑
向外，以三棱去血，左手爪甲迎其针锋立愈。
目眶岁久赤烂，俗名为赤瞎是也。当以三棱针刺目眶外，以泻湿热而愈。
能远视，不能近视，阳气有余，阴气不足也，乃血虚气盛。盖血虚气盛者，火有余，元气
不足也。火为元气之贼，元气来也，徐而和，细细如丝；邪气来也，紧而强，如巨川之水不可
遏也。海藏云∶目能远视，责其
有火；不能近视，责其无水。宜东垣地芝丸主之。
能近视，不能远视者，阳气不足，阴气有余也，气虚而血盛也。血盛者，阴火有余，气虚
者，气弱也。海藏云∶目能近视，责其有水；不能远视，责其无火。东垣定志丸主之。
瞳孔散大，是由于食用辛辣热性食物过多的缘故。所谓辛味主发散散热，则会助长火势上冲至脑部，导致精气耗散，因而视物也显得模糊散大。睛明穴（经外奇穴，位于目内眦角稍上方凹陷处），是用于视物的关键部位，现在视物不真切，说明精气已经衰败。大概火与气，势力不能并存。所以《内经》说：壮火（亢盛的阳气/病理之火）会消耗元气，壮火会散失元气。这涉及手少阴心经和足厥阴肝经所主的范畴，风热之邪连接目系，病邪侵入人体，各依其同类性质，因此顺着这个途径进行攻治。头目肿胀闷痛，瞳孔散大，都是由于血虚、阴弱导致的，应当祛除风热，凉血补血，以收敛耗散的元气，这样就能痊愈。
拳毛倒睫（睫毛向内翻转刺入眼球）的病症，是因为脾脏受到肝木邪气中风火侵蚀损害，导致上下眼睑受伤，出现外松内紧的情况所致。大概内部又有热邪导致阴气外行，应当清除内部热邪并去除火邪。眼皮内部松弛则睫毛不会倒转，拳毛自然长出，翳膜立刻消退。治疗采用手法，将内睑翻出向外，用三棱针放血，左手指甲按住针尖位置，立刻痊愈。
眼眶长年红肿溃烂，俗名叫做赤瞎。应当用三棱针刺眼眶外部，以泻除湿热而痊愈。
能看得远，却看不清近处，是阳气有余，阴气不足的表现，也就是血虚气盛。大概血虚气盛的人，火有余，元气不足。火是元气的贼害因素，元气到来时，缓慢而柔和，细细如丝；邪气到来时，紧急而强劲，像大河之水不可遏制。海藏（张元素，金元四大家之一）说：眼睛能看远，责任在于有火；不能看近，责任在于无水。适宜使用东垣（李杲，金元四大家之一）的地芝丸主治。
能看清近处，却看不清远处，是阳气不足，阴气有余的表现，也就是气虚而血盛。血盛的人，阴火有余；气虚的人，气弱。海藏说：眼睛能看近，责任在于有水；不能看远，责任在于无火。适宜使用东垣的定志丸主治。
Dilation of the pupil is caused by excessive consumption of pungent and hot foods. Pungency promotes dispersion and heat dissipation; thus, it aids fire to ascend to the brain, causing the essence to scatter, which results in blurred or dispersed vision. The Jingming acupoint (Jingming, an extra point located slightly above the inner canthus) is essential for seeing all things; if vision is not clear, the essence is depleted. Fire and Qi cannot coexist in a state of conflict. Therefore, the Classics state: "Excessive fire consumes Qi, excessive fire scatters Qi." This involves the domains of the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian and the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. Wind-heat pathogens connect with the eye system; when pathogenic factors invade the human body, they follow their own kind. Therefore, treatment should attack along this pathway. Swelling and oppression of the head and eyes, along with dilated pupils, are all due to blood deficiency and Yin weakness. One should dispel wind-heat, cool the blood, and tonify blood to gather the scattered Qi, leading to recovery.
The condition of trichiasis (inverted eyelashes) occurs because the Spleen is damaged by Wood-pathogenic wind and fire, injuring both upper and lower eyelids, resulting in laxity externally and tension internally. Internal heat causes Yin Qi to move outward; therefore, internal heat and fire pathogens must be eliminated. When the inner eyelid becomes lax, lashes will not invert, normal hair growth resumes, and corneal opacity recedes. Treatment employs manual manipulation: evert the inner eyelid outward, use a three-edged needle for bloodletting, and press the needle tip with the thumbnail of the left hand for immediate cure.
Chronic redness and ulceration of the eye socket, commonly known as "red blindness," should be treated by pricking the exterior of the eye socket with a three-edged needle to drain damp-heat, leading to recovery.
The ability to see far but not near indicates excess Yang Qi and deficient Yin Qi, specifically blood deficiency with vigorous Qi. In cases of blood deficiency and vigorous Qi, there is excess fire and insufficient Yuan Qi (Original Qi). Fire is a thief that harms Yuan Qi. When Yuan Qi arrives, it is slow and gentle, fine like a silk thread; when pathogenic Qi arrives, it is urgent and strong, like an unstoppable river. Haizang (Zhang Yuansu) stated: "The ability to see far is attributed to fire; the inability to see near is attributed to the lack of water." Di Zhi Wan (Di Zhi Pill) from Dongyuan (Li Gao) is indicated.
The ability to see near but not far indicates deficient Yang Qi and excess Yin Qi, specifically Qi deficiency with abundant blood. Abundant blood implies excess Yin fire; Qi deficiency implies weak Qi. Haizang stated: "The ability to see near is attributed to water; the inability to see far is attributed to the lack of fire." Ding Zhi Wan (Ding Zhi Pill) from Dongyuan is indicated.