《原病武》云∶风痫之发作者,由热甚而生风痰,而风燥为其兼化,涎溢胸膈而气
瘀,昏冒僵仆也。
子和云∶夫痫病不至于目瞪如愚者,用三圣投之。更用火盆于暖室中,令汗吐下三法
并行。次服通圣散,百日则愈矣。至于目瞪愚者不可治。经曰∶神不得守,谓神乱也。
大凡痫病,多是肝经风火之胜,痰郁膈间,故先吐之、汗之,次服泻青丸下之,再次服
东垣安神丸、守真龙荟丸之类,不独防风通圣散、泻青丸而已。
《难知》云∶治洪长伏三脉,风痫惊痫发狂,恶人与火,灸第三、第九椎,服《局
方》妙香丸,以针投眼
子透,冷水内浸少时服之,如本方法。治弦细缓三脉,诸痫似狂,服李和南五生丸。
痫证多本风热,而谓有阴阳寒热之殊,盖由病之远近,故有虚实寒热之分。病之
近者,可以凉剂,吐利之治也;病之久者,先是凉药之过,不免有虚实寒者,当审之。
而可以施温平补胃之剂。而去病之根端,不外吐痰之大法耳。
大率行痰为主,用芩、连、南星、半夏、栝蒌,寻火寻痰,分多分少治之,无不
愈者。分痰与热,有热,以凉剂清其心;有痰必用吐法,吐后平肝,用青黛、柴胡、川芎
之类,龙荟丸并宜治之。
《原病式》中说:风痫发作,是由于热邪极盛而生出风痰,风燥作为兼夹的病理变化,导致涎液溢出胸膈,气机瘀滞,出现神志昏迷、身体僵硬仆倒的症状。
张子和说:对于癫痫发作时眼睛不瞪直、神情不呆滞的患者,可以使用三圣散进行催吐治疗。同时在温暖的房间中放置火盆,令患者通过发汗、催吐、泻下三种方法同时进行治疗。之后服用防风通圣散,百日即可痊愈。至于眼睛瞪直、神情痴呆的患者,则属于不可治愈的情况。医经说:“神不能守舍”,指的就是神志错乱。
大凡癫痫疾病,大多是因为肝经的风火偏胜,痰浊郁结在胸膈之间,所以先采用催吐、发汗的方法,接着服用泻青丸进行攻下,然后再服用李东垣的安神丸、刘完素的龙胆泻肝丸之类的药物,不仅仅局限于防风通圣散和泻青丸。
《难知》中说:针对洪大、长脉、伏脉这三种脉象,治疗风痫、惊痫以及发狂、厌恶人与火的症状,可以灸第三椎和第九椎穴位,服用《太平惠民和剂局方》中的妙香丸,用针刺穿药丸中心的孔洞,在冷水中浸泡片刻后服用,遵循本书所述的方法。针对弦脉、细脉、缓脉这三种脉象,治疗各种类似发狂的癫痫,服用李和的南五生丸。癫痫证候多本源于风热,但又有阴阳、寒热的区别,这主要是由于病程长短不同,因此有虚实、寒热的区分。病程较短的,可以用凉剂,采取催吐、泻下的治法;病程较长的,往往是因为之前过度使用凉药所致,难免出现虚实夹杂或寒证的情况,应当仔细审察,然后可以使用温和平和、补益胃气的药剂。而要彻底去除病根,不外乎是涌吐痰涎这一大法。
大致以行痰为主,使用黄芩、黄连、天南星、半夏、瓜蒌等药材,根据火与痰的多少比例来分别治疗,没有不痊愈的。区分痰与热,如果有热,用凉剂清心;如果有痰,必须使用催吐法,催吐后平抑肝火,使用青黛、柴胡、川芎之类的药物,龙胆泻肝丸也适宜用于治疗。
脉浮的属于阳痫,病位在六腑;脉沉的属于阴痫,病位在五脏。脉微细的属于虚证,治疗较为困难;脉滑大的属于实证,治疗相对容易。
The *Yuan Bing Shi* states: The onset of wind epilepsy is caused by extreme heat generating wind-phlegm, with wind-dryness acting as a concurrent pathological transformation. This leads to saliva overflowing in the chest and diaphragm, qi stagnation, resulting in unconsciousness, stiffness, and collapse.
Zhang Hezi stated: For epilepsy patients who do not exhibit staring eyes or dull expressions, use San Sheng San (Three Holy Powders) for emesis. Additionally, place a charcoal brazier in a warm room to induce simultaneous sweating, vomiting, and purging. Subsequently, administer Fang Feng Tong Sheng San (Saposhnikia Decoction for Unimpeded Flow), which can lead to recovery within one hundred days. However, patients with staring eyes and dull expressions are incurable. The Classics state: "When the spirit cannot maintain its residence," it refers to mental confusion.
Generally, epilepsy is mostly due to an excess of wind-fire in the Liver Meridian, with phlegm stagnating between the chest and diaphragm. Therefore, treatment first employs emesis and sweating, followed by purgation using Xie Qing Wan (Drain the Green Pill). Thereafter, pills such as Dong Yuan An Shen Wan (Li Dongyuan's Spirit-Calming Pill) or Liu Wansu's Long Hui Wan (Dragon Bile Pill) should be taken, not limited merely to Fang Feng Tong Sheng San and Xie Qing Wan.
The *Nan Zhi* states: For Hong (Surging), Chang (Long), and Fu (Deep/Hidden) pulses, treating wind epilepsy, fright epilepsy, mania, aversion to people and fire, moxibustion should be applied to the 3rd and 9th thoracic vertebrae. Administer Miao Xiang Wan (Wonderful Fragrance Pill) from the *Ju Fang* (Formulas of the Bureau). Pierce the center hole of the pill with a needle, soak it briefly in cold water, and then ingest it, following the methods described in this book. For Xian (Wiry), Xi (Fine), and Huan (Slow) pulses, treating various epilepsies resembling mania, administer Li He's Nan Wu Sheng Wan (Li He's Five Aconite Pills). Epileptic syndromes generally originate from wind-heat but differ in yin/yang and cold/heat characteristics, largely due to the duration of the disease, leading to distinctions in deficiency/excess and cold/heat. Acute cases (short duration) can be treated with cooling agents via emesis and purgation; chronic cases (long duration) often result from previous overuse of cooling medicines, inevitably leading to mixed deficiency/excess or cold patterns, which must be carefully assessed before applying warm, neutral, stomach-nourishing tonics. Eliminating the root of the disease essentially relies on the major method of inducing vomiting to expel phlegm.
Broadly, the primary approach is to resolve phlegm, using Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root), Lian Zi (Coptis Rhizome), Nan Xing (Arisaema Rhizome), Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber), and Gua Lou (Trichosanthes Fruit). Treat according to the proportion of fire and phlegm; there will be no case that does not heal. Differentiate between phlegm and heat: if heat is present, use cooling agents to clear the Heart; if phlegm is present, emesis is mandatory. After emesis, calm the Liver using Qing Dai (Indigo Naturalis), Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root), Chuan Xiong (Ligusticum Rhizome), etc., and Long Hui Wan (Dragon Bile Pill) is also suitable for treatment.
A floating pulse indicates Yang epilepsy, located in the Six Fu Organs; a deep pulse indicates Yin epilepsy, located in the Five Zang Organs. A fine and weak pulse indicates deficiency, making treatment difficult; a slippery and large pulse indicates excess, making treatment easier.