额之上痛属肝，用川芎；两旁痛属胆，用柴胡；脑后痛属少阴，用细辛；正额两眉上痛
，属阳明，用白芷。
上焦有病，气虚不能行血，血行而气自生。上焦气分反行血，如头疼、胸痛多属血滞，
实因气虚不能行血，故不用参、 补气，而用芎、归、紫苏之类也。下焦有病，气滞而血无所化
，行气而血自生。下焦血分反行气，盖血从气生，气不达下，故血不化，宜引气下达，则血
自生，如小腹痛，用小茴、吴萸之类也。
头痛虽在上焦气分，然气分有病，实由血分致之也，故治上宜兼血。
头痛，自汗属气虚，四物汤去生地，加人参，再随经加止痛药；发热属血虚，四物汤主
之，亦随经加止痛药。风热宜用血药，不可用寒药，四物汤加羌活、防风、蔓荆子，各对证
偏正头痛夹脑风，用石膏二两， 研，炙甘草五钱，川芎一两，共末，煎汤服。
男妇气盛头痛，及女子产后头痛，川芎、乌药等分，共末，茶清送下。
脑风邪气不散，项背脚寒，头痛难忍，麻黄、细辛、干葛、藿香等分末，荆芥、薄荷浸
验案
一妇头痛极即晕，六脉按之有余，浮取带涩。此阴中阳虚，汗之即愈。阴中阳，滋润之
气也
一女十七八岁，两太阳痛起至眉棱，额上尽痛，胃口嘈杂，冷汗自出，经水过期。此风
热上壅头目，胃口有热故也。用四物汤各一钱，连翘、荆芥各五分。水煎服，愈。
额头上方疼痛归属于肝，使用川芎；头部两侧疼痛归属于胆，使用柴胡；后脑勺疼痛归属于少阴经，使用细辛；正额头及两眉上方疼痛归属于阳明经，使用白芷。
上焦有病证时，若气虚导致无法推动血液运行，则血液运行通畅后气自然随之而生（注：此处原文逻辑似有倒置或特指血行气随之理，按字面意译）。对于上焦气分病变反而需要活血的情况，例如头痛、胸痛多属于血滞，实际上是因为气虚不能推动血液运行，所以不使用人参、黄芪等补气药，而是使用川芎、当归、紫苏这类药物。下焦有病证时，若气滞导致血液无法化生，则行气后血液自然生成。对于下焦血分病变反而需要行气的情况，因为血由气所生，若气不能下达，则血无法化生，适宜引导气下行，则血自然生成，例如小腹痛，使用小茴香、吴茱萸这类药物。
头痛虽然位于上焦气分，但气分的病证，实际上是由血分引起的，所以治疗上部疾病应当兼顾血分。
头痛伴有自汗的属于气虚，用四物汤去掉生地黄，加入人参，再根据经络辨证加入止痛药；发热属于血虚，用四物汤为主方，也根据经络辨证加入止痛药。风热证宜用血分药，不可用寒凉药，用四物汤加上羌活、防风、蔓荆子。各种偏正头痛夹杂脑风的，用石膏二两，研成粉末，炙甘草五钱，川芎一两，共研为末，煎汤服用。
男女因气盛导致的头痛，以及女子产后头痛，用川芎、乌药各等分，共研为末，用茶汁送服。
脑风邪气不散，出现项背脚部发冷，头痛难以忍受，用麻黄、细辛、干葛、藿香各等分研末，配合荆芥、薄荷浸泡后使用。
医案一：一位妇女头痛剧烈随即眩晕，六脉重按有余，轻取带涩象。这是阴中阳虚，发汗后即可痊愈。所谓“阴中阳”，是指滋润之气。
医案二：一名十七八岁的女子，两侧太阳穴疼痛延伸至眉棱骨，额头全部疼痛，胃脘部嘈杂不适，冷汗自出，月经过期。这是风热上壅头目，胃中有热的缘故。用四物汤各一钱，连翘、荆芥各五分，水煎服，痊愈。
Pain in the upper part of the forehead belongs to the Liver; use *Chuanxiong Rhizoma* (Chuanxiong). Pain on both sides of the head belongs to the Gallbladder; use *Bupleuri Radix* (Chaihu). Pain in the back of the head belongs to the Shaoyin channel; use *Asari Radix et Rhizoma* (Xixin). Pain in the center of the forehead and above both eyebrows belongs to the Yangming channel; use *Angelicae Dahuricae Radix* (Baizhi).
When there is disease in the Upper Jiao, Qi deficiency fails to move Blood, yet when Blood moves, Qi naturally arises. In cases where the Qi aspect of the Upper Jiao requires blood-moving treatment, such as headache and chest pain which often belong to Blood stasis, it is actually due to Qi deficiency failing to propel Blood. Therefore, tonifying Qi herbs like *Ginseng Radix* (Renshen) and *Astragali Radix* (Huangqi) are not used; instead, herbs such as *Chuanxiong Rhizoma* (Chuanxiong), *Angelicae Sinensis Radix* (Danggui), and *Perillae Folium* (Zisu) are employed. When there is disease in the Lower Jiao, Qi stagnation prevents Blood transformation; thus, moving Qi leads to Blood generation. In cases where the Blood aspect of the Lower Jiao requires Qi-moving treatment, since Blood is generated from Qi, if Qi does not reach the lower part, Blood cannot transform. It is appropriate to guide Qi downward so that Blood generates naturally; for example, for lower abdominal pain, *Foeniculi Fructus* (Xiaohui) and *Evodiae Fructus* (Wuyu) are used.
Although headache occurs in the Qi aspect of the Upper Jiao, diseases of the Qi aspect are actually caused by disorders in the Blood aspect. Therefore, treating the upper body should simultaneously address the Blood.
Headache with spontaneous sweating indicates Qi deficiency; use *Siyu Decoction* (Four Substances Decoction) removing *Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata* (Shudihuang), adding *Ginseng Radix* (Renshen), and further adding analgesics according to the affected channel. Fever indicates Blood deficiency; treat primarily with *Siyu Decoction* (Four Substances Decoction), also adding analgesics according to the affected channel. For Wind-Heat, Blood-invigorating herbs should be used rather than Cold-natured herbs; use *Siyu Decoction* (Four Substances Decoction) plus *Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix* (Qianghuo), *Saposhnikoviae Radix* (Fangfeng), and *Vitex Fructus* (Manjingzi). For various lateral or central headaches complicated by Brain Wind, use *Gypsum Fibrosum* (Shigao) two liang, ground into powder; *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata* (Zhigancao) five qian; *Chuanxiong Rhizoma* (Chuanxiong) one liang. Grind all together into powder, decoct in water, and take orally.
For men and women with headache due to excessive Qi, and for women with postpartum headache, use equal parts of *Chuanxiong Rhizoma* (Chuanxiong) and *Linderæ Fructus* (Wuyao), grind into powder, and swallow with tea infusion.
For Brain Wind where pathogenic factors do not dissipate, accompanied by coldness in the neck, back, and feet, and unbearable headache, use equal parts of *Ephedrae Herba* (Mahuang), *Asari Radix et Rhizoma* (Xixin), *Puerariae Lobatae Radix* (Gegen), and *Agastachis Herba* (Huoxiang) ground into powder, combined with soaked *Schizonepetae Spica* (Jingjie) and *Menthae Haplocalycis Herba* (Bohe).
Clinical Case 1: A woman suffered severe headache followed immediately by dizziness. Her six pulses were full upon deep pressure and choppy upon superficial pressure. This indicates Yang deficiency within Yin. Sweating therapy will lead to recovery. "Yang within Yin" refers to moistening Qi.
Clinical Case 2: A girl aged seventeen or eighteen experienced pain starting from both temples extending to the brow ridge, with the entire forehead painful. She had gastric discomfort and spontaneous cold sweat, and her menstruation was delayed. This is due to Wind-Heat congesting upward in the head and eyes, and heat in the stomach. Use *Siyu Decoction* (Four Substances Decoction) one qian each ingredient, *Scutellariae Barbatae Herba* (Lianqiao) half qian, and *Schizonepetae Spica* (Jingjie) half qian. Decoct in water and take orally; she recovered.