论曰伤寒为病，六经受邪，始传于三阳，病在表者可汗，其满三日，传于三阴，病入里
者可下，其不两感于寒，更不传经，不加异气者，至七日，太阳病衰，头痛少愈，八日，阳
明病衰，身热少愈，九日，少阳病衰，耳聋微闻，十日，太阴病衰，腹满减如故，十一日，
少阴病衰，渴止舌干已而嚏，十二日，厥阴病衰，囊纵少腹微下，大气皆去，病患精神爽慧
也，故伤寒愈者，皆在十二日，若过此经，病犹不解者，为邪热结于里，其状或谵言妄语，
或郁郁微烦，或腹满吐下，皆缘治之失宜，邪气稽留，故病过经不能解也，当随其证以治，
若更感异气，变为他疾者，当根据坏病法疗之。
治伤寒十三日，过经谵语者，有热也，当以汤下之，若小便利者，大盒饭硬，而反下利
脉调和者，知医以丸药下之，非其治也，若自下利者，脉当微厥，今反和者，此为内实也。
调胃承气汤方
大黄（四两去皮酒洗） 甘草（二两炙）
上二味，锉如麻豆，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至七分，去滓入芒硝一钱匕，更煎一两
沸，放温顿服。
治伤寒过经不解，热结在里，往来寒热，烦渴躁闷。犀角汤方
犀角屑（一两） 柴胡（去苗） 吴蓝（各三分） 大青 升麻（各一两） 乌梅（去
核） 黄芩
（去
上八味，粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，入竹叶三十片，煎取七分，去滓食后温服。
治伤寒过经半月不解。鳖甲汤方
鳖甲（去裙 醋炙） 柴胡（去苗） 升麻（各一两） 乌梅（去核半两） 枳实（去
瓤麸炒）
犀角屑 黄芩（去黑心各一两） 甘草（炙锉半两）
上八味，粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至七分，去滓下地黄汁二合搅匀，食后分
温二服。
治伤寒十三日，过经不解，脐腹胀满，小便淋涩，烦闷燥渴。木通汤方
木通（锉） 葛根（锉） 青橘皮（汤浸去白盐炒） 槟榔（锉） 滑石 瞿麦穗（各
一两）
上六味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，入葱白二寸，同煎至六分，去滓温服，不计时
候。
治伤寒过经，心胸痞满，烦躁狂言，积热毒瓦斯，及妇人血风血气，经候不调，寒热有积。
万
甘遂（连珠者） 威灵仙（去土） 五灵脂（各一两）
上三味，捣罗为散，每服一钱匕，如伤寒日数多，有积热者，用鸡子清蜜水调下，如妇
人前件病证者，绵灰酒调下，寻常热气，蜜水调下，冷即用葱汤调下，阳毒积热，入腻粉白
丁香各半钱，生姜汁蜜水调下。
治伤寒发汗下之后，过经不解，胸胁满结，渴而不呕，但头汗出，往来寒热，小便不通。
柴胡汤方
柴胡（去苗二两） 桂（去粗皮） 黄芩（去黑心各一两） 牡蛎（生用） 甘草（炙
各半两）
栝蒌根（一两半） 木通（锉一两）
上七味，粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，入生姜半分拍碎，葱白五寸，同煎至七分，
去滓食后温服。
治伤寒过经不解，三焦滞闷，身重疼痛。保安散方
黄 （锉） 木通（锉） 青橘皮（汤浸去白焙） 桑根白皮（锉） 白术 陈橘皮（汤
浸去白
焙各半两） 木香（三分） 黑牵牛（一两炒捣取末半两）
上八味，捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，浓煎枣汤调下。
论述说：伤寒这种病，六经受到邪气侵袭，起初传变于三阳经，病在表层的可以用发汗法治疗；如果过了三天，传变于三阴经，病入里层的可以用泻下法治疗。如果不是两感于寒（同时感受风寒邪气），且不继续传经、不夹杂其他异气的情况，到了第七天，太阳病的症状衰退，头痛稍微减轻；第八天，阳明病的症状衰退，身体发热稍微减轻；第九天，少阳病的症状衰退，耳聋稍微能听到声音；第十天，太阴病的症状衰退，腹部胀满消退恢复如常；第十一天，少阴病的症状衰退，口渴停止，舌干缓解，随后打喷嚏；第十二天，厥阴病的症状衰退，阴囊松弛，小腹轻微舒缓，体内的正气完全恢复，患者精神清爽聪慧。所以，伤寒痊愈者，通常都在十二天内。如果过了这个周期，病仍然没有解除的，是因为邪热结聚在体内，其症状有的胡言乱语，有的心中郁郁微烦，有的腹部胀满或呕吐腹泻，这都是因为治疗不当，邪气滞留所致，所以病过经而不能解。应当根据具体的证候进行治疗。如果再次感受异气，变为其他疾病的，应当按照坏病的方法治疗。
治疗伤寒十三日，经过传经周期后出现谵语的，是有热邪，应当用汤剂泻下治疗。如果小便通利的，大便应当硬结，反而出现腹泻，且脉象调和的，知道是医生用了丸药泻下，这不是正确的治法。如果是自然腹泻，脉象应当微弱或四肢厥冷，现在反而脉象调和，这是体内有实邪积滞。
调胃承气汤方
大黄（四两，去皮，酒洗） 甘草（二两，炙）
以上两味药，锉碎如麻豆大小，每次服用五钱匕，加水一盏半，煎煮至七分，去渣，加入芒硝一钱匕，再煎一两沸，放温后一次性服下。
治疗伤寒过经未解，热邪结聚在体内，往来寒热，烦渴躁闷。犀角汤方
犀角屑（一两） 柴胡（去苗） 吴蓝（各三分） 大青 升麻（各一两） 乌梅（去核） 黄芩（去黑心）
以上八味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用五钱匕，加水一盏半，放入竹叶三十片，煎取七分，去渣，饭后温服。
治疗伤寒过经半个月未解。鳖甲汤方
鳖甲（去裙边，醋炙） 柴胡（去苗） 升麻（各一两） 乌梅（去核，半两） 枳实（去瓤，麸炒） 犀角屑 黄芩（去黑心，各一两） 甘草（炙，锉，半两）
以上八味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用五钱匕，加水一盏半，煎至七分，去渣，加入地黄汁二合搅匀，饭后分两次温服。
治疗伤寒十三日，过经未解，脐腹胀满，小便淋涩，烦闷燥渴。木通汤方
木通（锉） 葛根（锉） 青橘皮（汤浸，去白，盐炒） 槟榔（锉） 滑石 瞿麦穗（各一两）
以上六味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用三钱匕，加水一盏，放入葱白二寸，同煎至六分，去渣温服，不拘时间。
治疗伤寒过经，心胸痞满，烦躁狂言，积热毒瓦斯，以及妇人血风血气，月经不调，寒热有积。万氏方（注：原文此处似缺方名或为“万”字误植，依文意提取）
甘遂（连珠者） 威灵仙（去土） 五灵脂（各一两）
以上三味药，捣罗为散，每次服用一钱匕。如果伤寒日数多，有积热的，用鸡蛋清和蜜水调下；如果是妇人前述病证的，用绵灰和酒调下；寻常热气，用蜜水调下；冷症则用葱汤调下；阳毒积热，加入腻粉、白丁香各半钱，用生姜汁和蜜水调下。
治疗伤寒发汗、泻下之后，过经未解，胸胁满结，口渴但不呕吐，仅头部出汗，往来寒热，小便不通。柴胡汤方
柴胡（去苗，二两） 桂枝（去粗皮） 黄芩（去黑心，各一两） 牡蛎（生用） 甘草（炙，各半两） 栝蒌根（一两半） 木通（锉，一两）
以上七味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用五钱匕，加水一盏半，放入生姜半分拍碎，葱白五寸，同煎至七分，去渣，饭后温服。
治疗伤寒过经未解，三焦滞闷，身体沉重疼痛。保安散方
黄芪（锉） 木通（锉） 青橘皮（汤浸，去白，焙） 桑根白皮（锉） 白术 陈橘皮（汤浸，去白，焙，各半两） 木香（三分） 黑牵牛（一两，炒，捣取末，半两）
以上八味药，捣罗为散，每次服用二钱匕，用浓煎的大枣汤调下。
Commentary states: In the disease of cold damage (Shanghan), when the six meridians are invaded by pathogenic factors, transmission initially occurs to the three Yang meridians; if the pathology is at the exterior, diaphoresis (sweating method) may be applied. If more than three days have passed and transmission occurs to the three Yin meridians, where the pathology has entered the interior, purgation (downward-draining method) may be applied. In cases not suffering from simultaneous contraction of cold pathogens (Lianggan Yu Han), without further meridian transmission, and without admixture of heterogeneous qi, by the seventh day, the Taiyang disease declines, with headache slightly alleviated; by the eighth day, the Yangming disease declines, with body heat slightly reduced; by the ninth day, the Shaoyang disease declines, with deafness slightly improving allowing faint hearing; by the tenth day, the Taiyin disease declines, with abdominal fullness subsiding to normal; by the eleventh day, the Shaoyin disease declines, with thirst ceasing, dry tongue resolving, followed by sneezing; by the twelfth day, the Jueyin disease declines, with the scrotum relaxing and lower abdomen slightly easing, while the vital qi is fully restored, and the patient becomes mentally clear and alert. Therefore, recovery from cold damage typically occurs within twelve days. If the illness persists beyond this cycle, it is due to pathogenic heat binding in the interior. Symptoms may include delirious speech, mild depression and irritability, or abdominal fullness with vomiting and diarrhea. These arise from improper treatment causing pathogenic factors to linger, thus preventing resolution after passing through the meridians. Treatment should follow the specific syndrome pattern. If exposed to heterogeneous qi again, transforming into other diseases, it should be treated according to the methods for damaged diseases (Huabing).
For treating cold damage lasting thirteen days, where delirium occurs after passing through the meridians, indicating heat, a decoction for purgation should be administered. If urination is free, stool should be hard; however, if diarrhea occurs instead while the pulse remains harmonious, it indicates the physician used pill-based purgatives, which is incorrect therapy. If natural diarrhea occurs, the pulse should be faint or extremities cold; since the pulse is now harmonious, this indicates internal excess accumulation.
Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach and Bear Down Decoction)
Rhubarb Root (Da Huang, 4 liang, peeled, wine-washed) Licorice Root (Gan Cao, 2 liang, honey-fried)
The above two herbs are cut like hemp seeds. Each dose consists of 5 qianbi, boiled in 1.5 sheng of water until reduced to 0.7 sheng. Strain, add Bitter Salt (Mang Xiao, 1 qianbi), boil for one or two boils, let cool to warm temperature, and take in one dose.
For treating cold damage that has passed its course without resolution, with heat binding in the interior, alternating chills and fever, irritability, thirst, restlessness, and oppression. Xijiao Tang (Rhino Horn Decoction)
Rhino Horn (Xi Jiao, sliced, 1 liang) Bupleurum Root (Chai Hu, de-seeded) Isatis Leaf (Wu Lan) Indigo Naturalis (Da Qing) Cimicifuga Rhizome (Sheng Ma) (each 1 liang) Mume Fruit (Wu Mei, de-stoned) Scutellaria Root (Huang Qin, de-blackened heart)
The above eight herbs are coarsely crushed and sieved. Each dose consists of 5 qianbi, boiled with 1.5 sheng of water and 30 bamboo leaves until reduced to 0.7 sheng. Strain and take warm after meals.
For treating cold damage persisting for half a month without resolution. Biejia Tang (Softshell Turtle Decoction)
Softshell Turtle Shell (Bie Jia, remove skirt, vinegar-fried) Bupleurum Root (Chai Hu, de-seeded) Cimicifuga Rhizome (Sheng Ma) (each 1 liang) Mume Fruit (Wu Mei, de-stoned, 0.5 liang) Immature Bitter Orange (Zhi Shi, remove pith, bran-fried) Rhino Horn (Xi Jiao, sliced) Scutellaria Root (Huang Qin, de-blackened heart, each 1 liang) Licorice Root (Gan Cao, fried, cut, 0.5 liang)
The above eight herbs are coarsely crushed and sieved. Each dose consists of 5 qianbi, boiled in 1.5 sheng of water until reduced to 0.7 sheng. Strain, add Rehmannia Juice (Di Huang Zhi, 2 he) and mix well. Take warm in two doses after meals.
For treating cold damage lasting thirteen days, passing its course without resolution, with umbilical and abdominal distension, dysuria, irritability, and dry thirst. Mutong Tang (Akebia Decoction)
Akebia Stem (Mu Tong, cut) Kudzu Root (Ge Gen, cut) Green Tangerine Peel (Qing Ju Pi, soaked in hot water, white part removed, salt-fried) Areca Seed (Bing Lang, cut) Talcum (Hua Shi) Persicae Semen/Agrostemma Seed? (Qu Mai Sui, note: Qu Mai is Dianthus) (each 1 liang)
The above six herbs are coarsely crushed and sieved. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, boiled in 1 sheng of water with 2 cun of green onion white until reduced to 0.6 sheng. Strain and take warm, at any time.
For treating cold damage that has passed its course, with chest and epigastric stuffiness and fullness, irritability,狂言 (mad speech), accumulated heat and toxic qi, as well as women's blood wind and blood qi disorders, irregular menstruation, and accumulation of chills and fever. [Formula Name Missing/Erroneous in Text]
Kansui Root (Gan Sui, knotted type) Spirit Flower Root (Wei Ling Xian, cleaned of soil) Trogopterus Dung (Wu Ling Zhi) (each 1 liang)
The above three herbs are pounded and sifted into powder. Each dose is 1 qianbi. For prolonged cold damage with accumulated heat, mix with egg white and honey water. For women's aforementioned conditions, mix with ash from cotton cloth and wine. For ordinary heat, use honey water. For cold patterns, use green onion soup. For Yang toxicity with accumulated heat, add Mercurous Chloride (Ni Fen) and White Cardamom (Bai Ding Xiang), each 0.5 qian, mixed with ginger juice and honey water.
For treating cold damage after sweating and purging, passing its course without resolution, with chest and hypochondriac fullness and binding, thirst without vomiting, only head sweating, alternating chills and fever, and urinary obstruction. Chaihu Tang (Bupleurum Decoction)
Bupleurum Root (Chai Hu, de-seeded, 2 liang) Cinnamon Twig (Gui, remove rough bark) Scutellaria Root (Huang Qin, de-blackened heart, each 1 liang) Oyster Shell (Mu Li, raw) Licorice Root (Gan Cao, fried, each 0.5 liang) Trichosanthes Root (Gua Lou Gen, 1.5 liang) Akebia Stem (Mu Tong, cut, 1 liang)
The above seven herbs are coarsely crushed and sieved. Each dose consists of 5 qianbi, boiled in 1.5 sheng of water with 0.5 fen of crushed fresh ginger and 5 cun of green onion white until reduced to 0.7 sheng. Strain and take warm after meals.
For treating cold damage passing its course without resolution, with stagnation and oppression in the Sanjiao (Triple Burner), heavy body and pain. Bao'an San (Security Powder)
Astragalus Root (Huang Qi, cut) Akebia Stem (Mu Tong, cut) Green Tangerine Peel (Qing Ju Pi, soaked in hot water, white part removed, dried) Mulberry Root Bark (Sang Gen Bai Pi, cut) Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Bai Zhu) Dried Tangerine Peel (Chen Ju Pi, soaked in hot water, white part removed, dried, each 0.5 liang) Costus Root (Mu Xiang, 3 fen) Black Peony Root? (Hei Qian Niu, 1 liang, fried, pounded to take powder, 0.5 liang)
The above eight herbs are pounded and sifted into powder. Each dose is 2 qianbi, taken mixed with thickly boiled jujube soup.