论曰小儿初生,气体稚弱,肤革不能自充,手足不能自卫,保护鞠育,盖有所待,自受
气至于胚胎,由血脉至于形体,以至筋骨毛发腑脏百神,渐有所就而后有生,盖未生之初,
禀受本于父母,既生之后,断脐洗浴,择乳襁褓,皆有常法,谨守其法,无所违误,犹或胎
气禀受
生之时
助之
疾
得
湿
调
凡小儿受气在娠,一月胚,二月胎,三月血脉生,四月形体成,五月动,六月筋骨立,
七月
笑识
三
必
小儿始生,肌肤未成,不可暖衣,暖即令筋骨缓弱,不可不见风日,不见风日,即令肌
肤脆
肌
之
适
痰
生
冬月下之,最难将护,然有疾者,亦不可不下,夏月下后,腹中常小胀满,当节哺乳护之,
儿之乳哺,宜令多少有常,儿稍大,食哺自能稍增,若减少者,是腹中已有小不调,盒饭微
与药,勿复哺之,但乳之而已,甚者十余日。轻者五六日,自当如常,若都不食哺,而但饮
乳者,此是有癖,不可不下,不下即致寒热,或吐而发痫,或致下痢,若先治其轻,则病速
愈矣,小儿有少病痫者,母怀孕时,役动骨血,即令气强,若侍御多,血气微,胎养弱,即
儿软脆易伤,故多病痫,儿须多着项衣,取燥菊花为枕枕之,母乳儿时,摸儿风池若壮热,
即须熨使微汗,微汗不瘥。便灸两风池,及背第三椎、第五椎、每七椎、第九椎、两边各二
穴,与风
上,多至
亦不可轻
赤膏摩之
动脉,因
防噤,又
殊,便按
腑脏软弱
论述说:小儿刚出生时,体质稚嫩虚弱,皮肤肌肉不能自我充实保护,手足不能自我防御,因此需要精心保护和养育。从受孕到胚胎形成,由血脉发展到形体,直至筋骨、毛发、脏腑及精神意识,逐渐发育完备后才算真正诞生。在未出生之前,禀受于父母;出生后,断脐带、洗浴、选择乳母和襁褓,都有固定的法则。严格遵守这些法则,不出现差错,即使如此,仍可能因胎气禀受不足或分娩时的助产不当而患病。
凡是小儿在母体中受气怀胎,第一个月叫“胚”,第二个月叫“胎”,第三个月血脉生成,第四个月形体长成,第五个月胎动,第六个月筋骨确立,第七个月……(原文此处有缺漏,通常指七个月始能笑识等,但依原文仅保留可见部分)……必须……
小儿刚刚出生,肌肤尚未坚固,不可穿得太暖,穿得太暖会使筋骨松弛软弱;不可不见阳光和风,不见风日会使肌肤脆薄……(原文此处有缺漏和错乱,结合上下文意译)……冬天生下的小孩,最难护理,然而有病的孩子,也不可不下水(洗澡)。夏天生下的小孩,洗后腹中常感到轻微胀满,应当节制哺乳并加以保护。婴儿的喂养,应该让食量多少有定规。孩子稍大一些,辅食自然能稍微增加,如果减少,说明腹中已有轻微不适,应当给予少量药物调理,暂时停止喂食普通食物,只喂母乳即可。严重的可能需要十余天,轻者五六天,自然会恢复正常。如果完全不吃辅食,只喝乳汁,这是体内有积癖(如疳积),不可不下药治疗,否则会导致寒热往来,或者呕吐并发癫痫,或者导致腹泻痢疾。如果先治疗轻微的病症,病就会迅速痊愈。
小儿患有少见的痫病,是因为母亲怀孕时,过度劳累耗伤骨血,导致气机亢盛;如果房事过多,导致气血微弱,胎养不足,胎儿就会软脆易伤,所以容易患痫病。婴儿需要多戴护颈衣物,用干燥的菊花做枕头枕着。母亲哺乳时,抚摸婴儿的风池穴,如果发现壮热,就需要熨烫使其微微出汗,如果微汗后病未愈,就艾灸两侧的风池穴,以及背部第三椎、第五椎、第七椎、第九椎两边的各两个穴位,与风……(原文此处有缺漏)……上,多至……也不可轻视……用赤膏按摩……动脉,因为……防止惊风,又……不同,便按……脏腑软弱。
It is said that when a child is first born, the constitution is tender and weak. The skin and flesh cannot self-nourish or protect themselves, and the hands and feet cannot defend themselves. Therefore, protection and nurturing are necessary. From receiving Qi (vital energy) to becoming an embryo, from blood vessels to physical form, and eventually to bones, sinews, hair, internal organs, and spiritual consciousness, development gradually completes before life truly begins. Before birth, endowment comes from parents; after birth, cutting the umbilical cord, bathing, selecting wet nurses, and swaddling all follow established methods. Strictly observing these methods without error is essential, yet even then, illness may still occur due to insufficient prenatal endowment or improper assistance during delivery.
Regarding fetal development in the womb: in the first month, it is called "Pei" (embryo); in the second month, "Tai" (fetus); in the third month, blood vessels generate; in the fourth month, physical form takes shape; in the fifth month, movement occurs; in the sixth month, bones and sinews are established; in the seventh month... [text missing] ... must...
When a newborn's skin and muscles are not yet firm, they should not be clothed too warmly, as excessive warmth causes bones and sinews to become lax and weak. They should not be kept away from wind and sunlight, as lack of exposure makes the skin fragile... [text fragmented] ... Infants born in winter are hardest to care for, but those with illness must still be bathed. Infants born in summer often experience slight abdominal distension after bathing; nursing should be regulated and care provided. Infant feeding should have a consistent quantity. As the child grows slightly, solid food intake can naturally increase. If intake decreases, it indicates minor internal disharmony; mild medication should be given, and regular feeding paused, relying only on breast milk. Severe cases may take over ten days, while mild cases resolve in five to six days, returning to normal. If the infant refuses all solid food and drinks only milk, this indicates accumulation/pathogenic factors ("Pi"), requiring treatment; otherwise, it may lead to alternating chills and fever, vomiting with epilepsy, or dysentery. Treating minor ailments early leads to rapid recovery.
Some children suffer from rare forms of epilepsy because the mother, during pregnancy, overexerts herself, damaging bone and blood, causing Qi to become hyperactive. If sexual activity is excessive, leading to weak Qi and Blood, fetal nourishment becomes insufficient, making the fetus soft, fragile, and prone to injury, thus predisposing to epilepsy. Infants should wear neck coverings and use pillows filled with dried Chrysanthemum morifolium flowers. When the mother nurses, she should massage the Fengchi (GB20) acupoint on the infant. If high fever is present, moxibustion or warming should induce slight sweating. If symptoms persist despite slight sweating, moxibustion should be applied to both Fengchi (GB20) acupoints, and the bilateral points at the 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th thoracic vertebrae levels... [text fragmented] ... prevent convulsions... different... press... weak internal organs.