论曰带下有三十六种，名虽不同，所致则一，盖妇人冲任，为经脉之海，上为乳汁，下
为月事，血气和平，则生育之道得矣，苟乖保养，风寒乘虚袭于胞络，冲任不能循流，血气
蕴积，冷热相搏，故成带下也，冷则色白，热则色赤，冷与热并，则赤白杂下，间有五色者
，各随五脏虚损而应焉。
治妇人带下漏血不止，芎 汤方
芎 当归（焙） 黄 （锉） 干姜（炮） 芍药 吴茱萸（黑豆同炒） 甘草（炙
锉各一两）
上八味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至六分，去滓食前温服，日三。
治妇人带下三十六种不同，桑寄生汤方
桑寄生（炙） 芎 艾叶（炙各一两） 当归（焙二两） 白胶（炙燥一两半）
上五味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水半盏，酒半盏，同煎至七分，去滓食前温服，日三，
若服此汤口干渴者，加茅根切二合，生地黄一两，麦门冬去心一两。
治月经不调，变为带下，桂心饮方
桂（去粗皮） 芍药（各一两） 虻虫（去翅足炒） 水蛭（微炒） 硝石 土瓜根面
尘（微炒）
（去皮尖双仁炒一
上一十三味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓食前温服，日三。
治带下久不差，白马蹄散方
白马蹄（炙黄一两半） 龟甲（醋炙） 鳖甲（醋炙去裙 各二两） 牡蛎（ 三分）
上四味，捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，食前温酒调下，日三。
治妇人带下，龙骨散方
龙骨 干姜（炮各一两） 当归（烧） 禹余粮（ 醋淬五七遍） 阿胶（炙燥） 续
断（各二
上七味，捣研为散，每服三钱匕，食前温酒调下，日三。
治妇人带下腹痛，柏叶散方
柏叶（炙黄二两） 芎 芍药 白芷 干姜（炮） 牡丹（去心各一两） 当归（焙
半两）
上七味，捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，食前温酒调下。
治妇人带下并脚弱。补骨脂煎方
补骨脂（炒） 安息香（研各一两） 胡桃仁（二两）
上三味，捣研极细，炼蜜调如稀饧，每服半匙，空心温酒调下。
治妇人带下久不瘥引下恶水方
干姜（炮） 末盐 藜芦（炙） 杏仁（去皮尖双仁炒研各一两） 青矾（炼汁尽半两）
上五味，捣研极细，炼蜜和剂，捻如栀子大，以绵裹纳阴中，即恶水下。
治妇人带下五色，马护干散方
马护干
上一味，烧灰细研，每服一钱匕，食前温酒调下，日三。
治妇人带下赤白，是虚损因风得之，或房室无忌得之，桑耳汤方
桑耳（微炒三分） 芍药 黄 熟干地黄（焙） 阿胶（炙燥各一两） 蛇黄（ 醋
淬五遍
上八味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏半，入豉半合，煎至八分，去滓食前温服，日三
治妇人白带下。茱萸散方
吴茱萸（汤洗焙炒半两） 乌贼鱼骨（去甲炙） 芍药（锉炒） 桑寄生（炙黄） 柏
叶（炙各
上八味，捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，空心清米饮调下。
治妇人五色带下不止，神效。三良散方
吴茱萸（黑豆同炒） 寒食面 干姜（炮各一两）
上三味，捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，食前温酒调下，日三。
治妇人带下，若挟热者，多下赤脓，黄连散方
黄连（去须） 灶突中煤（各一两）
上二味，捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，食前温酒调下，日三。治妇人白带不止。白薇丸方
白薇（拣一两） 赤芍药 乌贼鱼骨（去甲各半两）
上三味，捣罗为末，炼醋一盏熬成膏，丸如梧桐子大，每服二十丸，食前热水下，日再
治妇人赤白带下，经年不瘥，渐渐黄瘦，芍药散方
白芍药 牡蛎（ ） 桂（去粗皮） 附子（炮裂去皮脐） 黄 （锉） 龙骨 鳖甲
（醋炙） 芎
上一十一味，捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，食前温酒调下。
治妇人赤白带下不止，鹿角胶丸方
鹿角胶（炙燥） 桑耳（微炒） 干姜（炮） 牛角（ 炙） 鹿茸（去毛酥炙各一两
半） 赤石
上八味，捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，每服三十丸，食前黄 汤下。
治妇人白带不止，面黄体瘦，绕脐冷痛，当归散方
当归（锉炒） 桂（去粗皮） 白龙骨 白术 鹿角胶（炙燥各一两） 附子（炮裂去
皮脐二
上六味，捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，食前粥饮调下。
治妇人带下五色久不止，禹余粮散方
禹余粮（ 醋淬七遍） 鹿茸（去毛酥炙） 牡蛎（ 研） 赤石脂（各二两） 阿胶
（炙燥）
上九味，捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，食前温酒调下。
治妇人赤白带下，久不止，腰腿疼痛，面黄体瘦，四肢少力。桑寄生散方
桑寄生 桑耳（炙） 当归（锉炒各一两） 白芍药 芎 （各三分） 乌贼 鱼骨（烧
灰）
洗焙炒半两）
上一十味，捣研为散，每服二钱匕，食前温酒调下。
论述说：带下病有三十六种，名称虽然不同，但致病原因是一致的。大概是因为妇女的冲脉和任脉，是经脉之海，上行化为乳汁，下行化为月经。如果血气平和，那么生育的功能就能正常发挥。倘若违背了保养之道，风寒趁虚侵袭胞络，导致冲任二脉不能循行常道，血气蕴结积聚，寒热相互搏结，因而形成带下病。偏于寒邪则分泌物色白，偏于热邪则色赤，寒热并存，则赤白混杂而下，间或有五色分泌物者，分别对应五脏的虚损情况。
治疗妇人带下漏血不止的芎汤方：
川芎、当归（焙干）、黄芪（锉碎）、干姜（炮制）、芍药、吴茱萸（与黑豆同炒）、甘草（炙后锉碎，各一两）。
以上八味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏，煎至六分，去渣滓，饭前温服，每日三次。
治疗妇人带下三十六种不同的桑寄生汤方：
桑寄生（炙）、川芎、艾叶（炙，各一两）、当归（焙干，二两）、白胶（炙燥，一两半）。
以上五味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用三钱匕，用水半盏、酒半盏，共同煎至七分，去渣滓，饭前温服，每日三次。如果服用此汤后出现口干渴的症状，加入切碎的茅根二合、生地黄一两、麦门冬（去心）一两。
治疗月经不调，转变为带下的桂心饮方：
桂（去除粗皮）、芍药（各一两）、虻虫（去除翅足并炒）、水蛭（微炒）、硝石、土瓜根面尘（微炒）、[原文此处缺味名及剂量，据上下文推测可能为其他活血药]、[原文此处缺味名及剂量]、[原文此处缺味名及剂量]、[原文此处缺味名及剂量]、[原文此处缺味名及剂量]、[原文此处缺味名及剂量]、[原文此处缺味名及剂量]。（注：原文“上一十三味”提示共有十三味药，但后续列举不全，仅列出部分及炮制法，此处依原文直译未列出的部分）。
以上十三味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏，煎至七分，去渣滓，饭前温服，每日三次。
治疗带下日久不愈的白马蹄散方：
白马蹄（炙黄，一两半）、龟甲（醋炙）、鳖甲（醋炙，去除裙边，各二两）、牡蛎（[原文缺炮制法，三分]）。
以上四味药，捣碎研磨成散剂，每次服用二钱匕，饭前用温酒调服，每日三次。
治疗妇人带下的龙骨散方：
龙骨、干姜（炮制，各一两）、当归（烧）、禹余粮（[原文缺炮制法，醋淬五七遍]）、阿胶（炙燥）、续断（各[原文缺剂量]）。
以上七味药，捣研成散剂，每次服用三钱匕，饭前用温酒调服，每日三次。
治疗妇人带下腹痛的柏叶散方：
柏叶（炙黄，二两）、川芎、芍药、白芷、干姜（炮制）、牡丹（去心，各一两）、当归（焙干，半两）。
以上七味药，捣罗成散剂，每次服用二钱匕，饭前用温酒调服。
治疗妇人带下并伴有脚弱的补骨脂煎方：
补骨脂（炒）、安息香（研细，各一两）、胡桃仁（二两）。
以上三味药，捣研极细，用炼蜜调和如稀糖浆状，每次服用半匙，空腹用温酒调服。
治疗妇人带下日久不愈且引出下部恶水的方剂：
干姜（炮制）、末盐、藜芦（炙）、杏仁（去皮尖双仁炒后研，各一两）、青矾（炼汁尽，半两）。
以上五味药，捣研极细，用炼蜜和剂，捏成如栀子大小的丸剂，用棉布包裹纳入阴道中，即刻恶水排出。
治疗妇人带下五色的马护干散方：
马护干。
以上一味药，烧成灰后细研，每次服用一钱匕，饭前用温酒调服，每日三次。
治疗妇人带下赤白，这是因虚损受风所致，或因房事无忌而得病的桑耳汤方：
桑耳（微炒，三分）、芍药、黄芪、熟干地黄（焙干）、阿胶（炙燥，各一两）、蛇黄（[原文缺炮制法，醋淬五遍]）。
以上八味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏半，加入豉半合，煎至八分，去渣滓，饭前温服，每日三次。
治疗妇人白带下的茱萸散方：
吴茱萸（汤洗后焙炒，半两）、乌贼鱼骨（去甲炙）、芍药（锉炒）、桑寄生（炙黄）、柏叶（炙，各[原文缺剂量]）。
以上八味药，捣罗成散剂，每次服用二钱匕，空腹用清米饮调服。
治疗妇人五色带下不止，神效的三良散方：
吴茱萸（与黑豆同炒）、寒食面、干姜（炮制，各一两）。
以上三味药，捣罗成散剂，每次服用二钱匕，饭前用温酒调服，每日三次。
治疗妇人带下，若夹杂热邪者，多下赤脓的黄连散方：
黄连（去须）、灶突中煤（各一两）。
以上二味药，捣罗成散剂，每次服用二钱匕，饭前用温酒调服，每日三次。
治疗妇人白带不止的白薇丸方：
白薇（拣选，一两）、赤芍药、乌贼鱼骨（去甲，各半两）。
以上三味药，捣罗成末，用一盏炼醋熬成膏，制成梧桐子大小的丸剂，每次服用二十丸，饭前用热水送服，每日两次。
治疗妇人赤白带下，经年不愈，渐渐黄瘦的芍药散方：
白芍药、牡蛎（[原文缺炮制法]）、桂（去除粗皮）、附子（炮裂，去皮脐）、黄芪（锉碎）、龙骨、鳖甲（醋炙）、川芎。
以上十一味药，捣罗成散剂，每次服用二钱匕，饭前用温酒调服。
治疗妇人赤白带下不止的鹿角胶丸方：
鹿角胶（炙燥）、桑耳（微炒）、干姜（炮制）、牛角（[原文缺炮制法，炙]）、鹿茸（去毛，酥炙，各一两半）、赤石脂（[原文缺剂量]）。
以上八味药，捣罗成末，用炼蜜和丸，制成梧桐子大小的丸剂，每次服用三十丸，饭前用黄芪汤送服。
治疗妇人白带不止，面色黄身体瘦，绕脐冷痛的当归散方：
当归（锉炒）、桂（去除粗皮）、白龙骨、白术、鹿角胶（炙燥，各一两）、附子（炮裂，去皮脐，二[原文缺剂量]）。
以上六味药，捣罗成散剂，每次服用二钱匕，饭前用粥饮调服。
治疗妇人带下五色久不止的禹余粮散方：
禹余粮（醋淬七遍）、鹿茸（去毛，酥炙）、牡蛎（[原文缺炮制法，研]）、赤石脂（各二两）、阿胶（炙燥）。
以上九味药，捣罗成散剂，每次服用二钱匕，饭前用温酒调服。
治疗妇人赤白带下，久不止，腰腿疼痛，面色黄身体瘦，四肢无力。桑寄生散方：
桑寄生、桑耳（炙）、当归（锉炒，各一两）、白芍药、川芎（各三分）、乌贼鱼骨（烧灰）、[原文此处缺味名及剂量，据上下文推测可能为其他药]、[原文此处缺味名及剂量]、[原文此处缺味名及剂量]、[原文此处缺味名及剂量]。（注：原文“上一十味”提示共有十味药，但后续列举不全，仅列出部分）。
以上十味药，捣研成散剂，每次服用二钱匕，饭前用温酒调服。
Commentary states: There are thirty-six types of leukorrhea (Dai Xia). Although their names differ, the causes are identical. Generally, the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel) and Ren Mai (Conception Vessel) in women serve as the sea of meridians. Upward, they transform into milk; downward, they become menstruation. When blood and qi are harmonious, the pathway for reproduction is secured. However, if care is neglected, wind-cold invades the uterine collaterals due to deficiency. The Chong and Ren vessels fail to follow their normal flow, causing blood and qi to stagnate and accumulate. Cold and heat contend with each other, resulting in leukorrhea. If cold predominates, the discharge is white; if heat predominates, it is red; if both cold and heat coexist, red and white mix. Occasionally, five-colored discharges occur, corresponding respectively to the deficiencies of the five zang organs.
Formula for Xiong Tang to treat leukorrhea with continuous bleeding in women:
Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, roasted), Astragali Membranacei Radix (Huangqi, sliced), Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum (Ganjiang, processed), Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao), Evodiae Fructus (Wuzhuyu, stir-fried with black soybeans), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparatum (Gancao, honey-fried and sliced), each 1 liang.
The above eight herbs are coarsely crushed and sifted. Take 3 qianbi per dose, decoct in 1 sheng of water until reduced to 6 fen, remove the dregs, and take warm before meals, three times daily.
Formula for Sangjisheng Tang to treat the thirty-six different types of leukorrhea in women:
Taxilli Herba (Sangjisheng, processed), Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Artemisiae Argyi Folium (Aiye, processed), each 1 liang; Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, roasted), 2 liang; Colla Corii Asini (Baijiao, dried and processed), 1.5 liang.
The above five herbs are coarsely crushed and sifted. Take 3 qianbi per dose, decoct together with 0.5 sheng of water and 0.5 sheng of wine until reduced to 7 fen, remove the dregs, and take warm before meals, three times daily. If dry mouth and thirst occur after taking this decoction, add chopped Imperatae Rhizoma (Maogen), 2 he, Rehmanniae Radix (Shengdihuang), 1 liang, and Ophiopogonis Radix (Mendong, heart removed), 1 liang.
Formula for Guixin Yin to treat irregular menstruation transforming into leukorrhea:
Cinnamomi Cortex (Gui, coarse bark removed), Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao), each 1 liang; Blatta Orientalis (Mengchong, wings and feet removed, stir-fried); Hirudo (Shuizhi, slightly stir-fried); Natrii Sulfas (Xiaoshi); Trichosanthis Radix Pulvis (Tuguagen mian chen, slightly stir-fried); [Text missing specific herb names and dosages for remaining ingredients]; [Text missing]; [Text missing]; [Text missing]; [Text missing]; [Text missing]; [Text missing]. (Note: The text states "thirteen herbs," but lists are incomplete).
The above thirteen herbs are coarsely crushed and sifted. Take 3 qianbi per dose, decoct in 1 sheng of water until reduced to 7 fen, remove the dregs, and take warm before meals, three times daily.
Formula for Baimati San to treat persistent leukorrhea:
Equi Unguis (Baimati, yellow-roasted), 1.5 liang; Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum (Guijia, vinegar-processed); Trionycis Carapax (Biejia, vinegar-processed, apron removed), each 2 liang; Ostreae Concha (Muli), [processing method missing], 3 fen.
The above four herbs are crushed and ground into powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose, mix with warm wine and take before meals, three times daily.
Formula for Longgu San to treat leukorrhea in women:
Longgu (Fossilized Bones), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum, processed), each 1 liang; Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, burnt); Yuyuliang (Yutouliang), [processing method missing, quenched in vinegar 5-7 times]; Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini, dried and processed); Xuanduan (Dipsaci Radix), each [dosage missing].
The above seven herbs are crushed and ground into powder. Take 3 qianbi per dose, mix with warm wine and take before meals, three times daily.
Formula for Baiye San to treat leukorrhea with abdominal pain in women:
Platycladi Cacumen (Baiye, yellow-roasted), 2 liang; Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong); Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao); Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi); Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum (Ganjiang, processed); Moutan Cortex (Mudan, heart removed), each 1 liang; Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, roasted), 0.5 liang.
The above seven herbs are crushed and sifted into powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose, mix with warm wine and take before meals.
Formula for Buguzhi Jian to treat leukorrhea accompanied by weak legs in women:
Psoraleae Fructus (Buguzhi, stir-fried); Benzoinum (Anxixiang, ground), each 1 liang; Juglans Semen (Hutaoren), 2 liang.
The above three herbs are pounded and ground extremely fine. Mix with refined honey to form a thick syrup. Take half a spoonful per dose, mix with warm wine on an empty stomach.
Formula to treat persistent leukorrhea leading to foul discharge from the lower orifice:
Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum (Ganjiang, processed); Saltum Finum (Mo Yan); Liriopsidis Rhizoma (Lilv, processed); Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren, skin and尖 removed, double-kernel, stir-fried and ground), each 1 liang; Vitriolum Ferri (Qingfan), refined juice gone, 0.5 liang.
The above five herbs are pounded and ground extremely fine. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of gardenia seeds. Wrap in cotton and insert into the vagina; foul water will immediately drain.
Formula for Mahugan San to treat five-colored leukorrhea in women:
Mahugan.
The above single herb is burned to ash and finely ground. Take 1 qianbi per dose, mix with warm wine and take before meals, three times daily.
Formula for Sang'er Tang to treat red and white leukorrhea caused by deficiency and wind invasion, or immoderate sexual activity:
Sang'er (Fungus), slightly stir-fried, 3 fen; Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao); Astragali Membranacei Radix (Huangqi); Prepared Rehmanniae Radix (Shu Dihuang, roasted); Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini, dried and processed), each 1 liang; Shehuang (Snake Yellow), [processing method missing, quenched in vinegar 5 times].
The above eight herbs are coarsely crushed and sifted. Take 3 qianbi per dose, decoct with 1.5 sheng of water and 0.5 he of Fabae Semen Preparatum (Chi) until reduced to 8 fen, remove the dregs, and take warm before meals, three times daily.
Formula for Zhuyu San to treat leukorrhea in women:
Evodiae Fructus (Wuzhuyu, washed in hot water, roasted and stir-fried), 0.5 liang; Sepiae Endoconcha (Wuzeiyu Gu, shell removed, roasted); Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao, sliced and stir-fried); Taxilli Herba (Sangjisheng, yellow-roasted); Platycladi Cacumen (Baiye, roasted), each [dosage missing].
The above eight herbs are crushed and sifted into powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose, mix with clear rice drink on an empty stomach.
Formula for Sanliang San, effective for stopping persistent five-colored leukorrhea in women:
Evodiae Fructus (Wuzhuyu, stir-fried with black soybeans); Hanshi Mian (Cold-food dough); Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum (Ganjiang, processed), each 1 liang.
The above three herbs are crushed and sifted into powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose, mix with warm wine and take before meals, three times daily.
Formula for Huanglian San to treat leukorrhea with heat, characterized by purulent red discharge:
Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, whiskers removed); Zaotu Zhong Mei (Soot from chimney flue), each 1 liang.
The above two herbs are crushed and sifted into powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose, mix with warm wine and take before meals, three times daily.
Formula for Baiwei Wan to treat persistent leukorrhea in women:
Baiwei (Cynanchi Atrati Radix, selected), 1 liang; Chishao Yao (Red Paeonia Root); Sepiae Endoconcha (Wuzeiyu Gu, shell removed), each 0.5 liang.
The above three herbs are crushed into powder. Boil with 1 sheng of refined vinegar until it becomes a paste. Form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 20 pills per dose, swallow with hot water before meals, twice daily.
Formula for Shaoyao San to treat chronic red and white leukorrhea lasting years, leading to gradual emaciation and sallow complexion:
Baishao Yao (White Paeonia Root); Muli (Ostreae Concha), [processing method missing]; Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex, coarse bark removed); Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparatum, processed, cracked, skin and umbilicus removed); Huangqi (Astragali Membranacei Radix, sliced); Longgu (Fossilized Bones); Biejia (Trionycis Carapax, vinegar-processed); Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizome).
The above eleven herbs are crushed and sifted into powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose, mix with warm wine and take before meals.
Formula for Lujiao Jiao Wan to treat persistent red and white leukorrhea in women:
Lujiao Jiao (Colla Cornus Cervi, dried and processed); Sang'er (Sang fungus, slightly stir-fried); Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum, processed); Niujiao (Bovis Cornu, [processing method missing, roasted]); Lurong (Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum, hair removed, fried with butter), each 1.5 liang; Chishizhi (Halloysit Rubrum), [dosage missing].
The above eight herbs are crushed into powder. Mix with refined honey and form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, swallow with Huangqi decoction before meals.
Formula for Danggui San to treat leukorrhea with sallow complexion, emaciation, and cold pain around the umbilicus:
Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, sliced and stir-fried); Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex, coarse bark removed); Bailonggu (White Fossilized Bones); Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma); Lujiao Jiao (Colla Cornus Cervi, dried and processed), each 1 liang; Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparatum, processed, cracked, skin and umbilicus removed), [dosage missing].
The above six herbs are crushed and sifted into powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose, mix with porridge drink and take before meals.
Formula for Yuyuliang San to treat persistent five-colored leukorrhea in women:
Yuyuliang (Halloysitum), quenched in vinegar seven times; Lurong (Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum, hair removed, fried with butter); Muli (Ostreae Concha, [processing method missing, ground]); Chishizhi (Halloysit Rubrum), each 2 liang; Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini, dried and processed).
The above nine herbs are crushed and sifted into powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose, mix with warm wine and take before meals.
Formula for Sangjisheng San to treat persistent red and white leukorrhea accompanied by waist and leg pain, sallow complexion, emaciation, and limb weakness:
Taxilli Herba (Sangjisheng); Sang'er (Sang fungus, roasted); Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, sliced and stir-fried), each 1 liang; Baishao Yao (White Paeonia Root); Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizome), each 3 fen; Sepiae Endoconcha (Wuzeiyu Gu, burned to ash), [remaining ingredients and dosages missing as per source text structure implying ten herbs total].
The above ten herbs are crushed and ground into powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose, mix with warm wine and take before meals.