（凡七类）
（仰人十四门伏人十门 侧人六门）
夫病源所起，本于脏腑，脏腑之脉，并出手足，循环腹背，无所不至，往来出没，难以
测量，将欲指取其穴，非图莫可预备之要。非灸不精，故《经》曰∶汤药攻其内，针灸攻其
外，则病无所逃矣。方知针灸之功，过半于汤药矣。然去圣久远，学徒蒙昧，孔穴出入，莫
测经源，济弱扶危，临事多惑。余慨其不逮，聊因暇隙鸠集今古名医《明堂》，以述针灸经
一篇，用补私阙，庶根据图知穴，按经识分，则孔穴亲疏，居然可见矣。旧《明堂》图年代久
远，传写错误，不足指南。今一根据甄权等新撰为定云尔。若根据《明堂》正经人，是七尺六寸
四分之身，今半之为图，人身长三尺八寸二分。其孔穴相去亦皆半之。以五分为寸，其尺用
夏家古尺，司马六尺为步，即江淮吴越所用八寸小尺是也。其十二经脉，五色作之，奇经八
脉以绿色为之，三人孔穴共六百五十穴，图之于后亦睹之便令了然。仰人二百八十二穴，背
人一百九十四穴，侧人一百七十四穴，穴名共三百四十九，单穴四十八名，双穴三百一名。
仰人明堂图（四门 一百五十七穴内三十二穴单，一百二十五穴双）
头部中行，上星，在颅上直鼻中央，入发际一寸陷容豆。 囟会，在上星后一寸陷者
在头上去上星旁一寸半。 承光，在五处后一寸，不灸。（一本言∶一寸半。） 头第三行，
临泣，在目上 直上入发际五分陷者中。 目窗，在临泣后一寸。 正营，在目窗后一寸。 正
面部中行，神庭，在发际直鼻，不刺。 素 ，在鼻柱端。 水沟，在鼻下人中。 兑端，
在唇上端。 龈交，在唇内齿上龈缝。 承浆，在颐前下唇之下。廉泉，在颔下结喉上舌本。
面部第二行，曲差，挟神庭旁一寸半，在发际。攒竹，在眉头陷中。 精明，在目内 外。
巨，挟鼻旁八分直瞳子。 迎香，在禾 上一寸鼻孔旁。 禾 ，在鼻孔下挟水沟旁五分。
面部第三行，阳白，在眉上一寸直瞳子。 承泣，在目下七分直瞳子，不灸。 四白，在目
下一寸。 地仓，挟口旁四分。 大迎，在曲颔前一寸二分骨陷中动脉。 面部第四行，本
神，挟曲差旁一寸半，在发际。（一云∶直耳上，入发际四分。） 丝竹空，在眉后陷中，不
灸。 瞳子 ，在目外去 五分，（一名太阳，一名前关。） 面部第五行，头维，在额角发
际本神旁一寸半，不灸。 颧 ，在面鼽骨下下廉陷中。 上关，在耳前上廉起骨开口取之。
一名客主人。 下关，在客主人下耳前动脉下空下廉，合口有空，张口则闭。 颊车，在耳
下曲颊端陷者中。
天突，在颈结喉下五寸宛宛中。 璇玑，在天突下一寸陷中，仰而取之。 华盖，在璇
玑下一寸陷中，仰而取之。 紫宫，在华盖下一寸六分陷中，仰而取之。 玉堂，在紫宫下
一寸六分陷中。 膻中，在玉堂下一寸六分横直两乳间。 中庭，在膻中下一寸六
（凡七类）
（仰人十四门伏人十门 侧人六门）
疾病的起源，根本在于脏腑。脏腑的经脉，都连接着手足，循环于腹部和背部，无处不到，往来出没，难以测量。如果想要准确取穴，没有图谱是无法预先准备的。如果不精通灸法，就不能算精微，所以《内经》说：“汤药治疗体内的病，针灸治疗体表的病，那么疾病就无处可逃了。”由此可知，针灸的功效超过汤药的一半以上。然而距离圣人时代久远，学徒们愚昧无知，穴位的位置深浅，无法测知经脉的源头，救助弱者、扶持危难时，遇到具体事务往往感到困惑。我感叹自己能力不足，便利用闲暇时间收集古今名医的《明堂》，撰写了一篇关于针灸经络的文章，用来弥补个人的缺失，希望依据图谱知道穴位，按照经脉识别分部，那么穴位的远近亲疏，自然就可以看清楚了。旧的《明堂》图年代久远，传抄错误，不足以作为指南。现在完全依据甄权等人新编撰的内容定为标准。如果依据《明堂》正经中的人体模型，是七尺六寸四分的身高，现在将其减半绘制成图，人身长三尺八寸二分。其穴位之间的距离也都减半。以五分为一寸，所用的尺是夏代古尺，司马法规定六尺为一步，也就是江淮吴越地区所使用的八寸小尺。十二经脉用五色绘制，奇经八脉用绿色绘制，三人（仰、伏、侧）的穴位共有六百五十个，图谱在后面，观看起来方便明了。仰面人二百八十二穴，背面人一百九十四穴，侧面人一百七十四穴，穴位名称共三百四十九个，单穴四十八名，双穴三百一名。
仰人明堂图（四门 一百五十七穴内三十二穴单，一百二十五穴双）
头部正中线上：上星，在颅骨上直对鼻中央，入发际一寸，凹陷处可容纳豆粒大小。囟会，在上星后一寸，凹陷处。在头上去上星旁一寸半。承光，在五处后一寸，不施灸。（另一版本说：一寸半。）头部第三行，临泣，在目上方直上入发际五分，凹陷处中。目窗，在临泣后一寸。正营，在目窗后一寸。
面部正中线上：神庭，在发际直对鼻端，不针刺。素髎，在鼻柱端。水沟，在鼻下人中沟。兑端，在唇上端。龈交，在唇内齿上牙龈缝中。承浆，在颏前下唇之下。廉泉，在颔下结喉上舌根处。
面部第二行：曲差，挟神庭旁一寸半，在发际。攒竹，在眉头凹陷中。精明，在目内眦外。巨髎，挟鼻旁八分直对瞳孔。迎香，在禾髎上一寸鼻孔旁。禾髎，在鼻孔下挟水沟旁五分。
面部第三行：阳白，在眉上一寸直对瞳孔。承泣，在目下七分直对瞳孔，不施灸。四白，在目下一寸。地仓，挟口旁四分。大迎，在曲颔前一寸二分骨凹陷中动脉处。
面部第四行：本神，挟曲差旁一寸半，在发际。（一说：直对耳上，入发际四分。）丝竹空，在眉后凹陷中，不施灸。瞳子髎，在目外去眶骨五分，（又名太阳，又名前关。）
面部第五行：头维，在额角发际本神旁一寸半，不施灸。颧髎，在面颊骨下下缘凹陷中。上关，在耳前上缘突起骨开口时取之。又名客主人。下关，在客主人下耳前动脉下空下缘，合口有空隙，张口则闭合。颊车，在耳下曲颏端凹陷处中。
天突，在颈结喉下五寸宛宛中。璇玑，在天突下一寸凹陷中，仰卧取之。华盖，在璇玑下一寸凹陷中，仰卧取之。紫宫，在华盖下一寸六分凹陷中，仰卧取之。玉堂，在紫宫下一寸六分凹陷中。膻中，在玉堂下一寸六分横直两乳间。中庭，在膻中下一寸六
(Seven categories in total)
(Fourteen sections for the supine figure, ten sections for the prone figure, six sections for the lateral figure)
The origin of diseases lies fundamentally in the Zang-Fu organs (viscera). The meridians of the Zang-Fu organs connect to the hands and feet, circulating through the abdomen and back, reaching everywhere. Their coming and going are difficult to measure. If one wishes to locate acupoints accurately, it is impossible to prepare without a meridian chart. Without mastery of moxibustion, precision cannot be achieved; thus, the *Classic* states: "Decoctions treat internal disorders, while acupuncture and moxibustion treat external disorders; then there is no escape for the disease." From this, we know that the efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion exceeds half that of decoctions. However, since the time of the Sages has passed long ago, students are ignorant; the depth and location of acupoints and the sources of meridians are unfathomable. When aiding the weak and rescuing from danger, one often feels confused when facing specific situations. Lamenting my own inadequacy, I have taken advantage of leisure time to collect the *Mingtang* (Acupuncture and Moxibustion Classic) of ancient and modern famous physicians, composing an article on acupuncture and moxibustion meridians to supplement my private deficiencies. It is hoped that by following the charts, one can know the acupoints, and by following the meridians, one can understand their distribution; thus, the proximity and distance of acupoints will be clearly visible. The old *Mingtang* charts are too ancient and contain transcription errors, making them insufficient as guides. Now, everything is standardized based on the newly compiled works by Zhen Quan and others. According to the standard human model in the *Mingtang*, the height is seven chi, six cun, and four fen. In the current chart, this is halved, so the body length is three chi, eight cun, and two fen. The distances between acupoints are also halved. Five fen is considered one cun. The ruler used is the ancient Xia dynasty ruler; according to Sima's method, six chi make one bu (step), which corresponds to the eight-cun small ruler used in Jianghuai, Wu, and Yue regions. The twelve regular meridians are drawn in five colors, and the eight extraordinary vessels are drawn in green. The three figures (supine, prone, lateral) contain a total of six hundred and fifty acupoints. The charts follow below for easy reference. The supine figure has two hundred and eighty-two acupoints, the prone figure has one hundred and ninety-four, and the lateral figure has one hundred and seventy-four. There are three hundred and forty-nine acupoint names in total: forty-eight single acupoints and three hundred and one paired acupoints.
Supine Figure Mingtang Chart (Four sections: One hundred and fifty-seven acupoints, including thirty-two single acupoints and one hundred and twenty-five paired acupoints)
Midline of the head: Shangxing (GV23), located on the cranium directly above the center of the nose, one cun inside the hairline, in a depression capable of holding a bean. Xinhui (GV22), one cun posterior to Shangxing, in a depression. Located one and a half cun lateral to Shangxing on the head. Chengguang (GB7), one cun posterior to Wuchu (GB6), not moxaed. (Another version states: one and a half cun.) Third row of the head: Linqi (GB15), directly above the eye, entering the hairline five fen, in the center of the depression. Muchuang (GB6), one cun posterior to Linqi. Zhengying (GB7), one cun posterior to Muchuang.
Midline of the face: Shenting (GV24), at the hairline directly opposite the tip of the nose, not needled. Suliao (GV25), at the tip of the nasal column. Shuigou (GV26), in the philtrum below the nose. Duanduan (GV27), at the upper end of the lip. Yinjiao (CV24), in the seam of the upper gums inside the lips where they meet the teeth. Chengjiang (CV24), below the lower lip anterior to the chin. Lianquan (CV23), above the root of the tongue, superior to the laryngeal prominence in the submandibular region.
Second row of the face: Qucha (BL1), one and a half cun lateral to Shenting, at the hairline. Cuanzhu (BL2), in the depression at the medial end of the eyebrow. Jingming (BL1), lateral to the inner canthus. Juliao (ST3), eight fen lateral to the nose, aligned with the pupil. Yingxiang (LI20), one cun superior to Heliao, beside the nostril. Heliao (LI19), five fen lateral to Shuigou, below the nostril.
Third row of the face: Yangbai (GB14), one cun above the eyebrow, aligned with the pupil. Chengqi (ST1), seven fen below the eye, aligned with the pupil, not moxaed. Sibai (ST2), one cun below the eye. Dicang (ST4), four cun lateral to the corner of the mouth. Daying (ST5), in the arterial depression one cun and two fen anterior to the angle of the mandible.
Fourth row of the face: Benshen (GB13), one and a half cun lateral to Qucha, at the hairline. (Another opinion: directly above the ear, four fen inside the hairline.) Sizhukong (TB23), in the depression behind the eyebrow, not moxaed. Tongziliao (GB1), five fen lateral to the outer canthus of the eye. (Also known as Taiyang, also known as Qianguan.)
Fifth row of the face: Touwei (ST8), one and a half cun lateral to Benshen at the temporal hairline, not moxaed. Quanliao (SI18), in the depression at the lower border of the zygomatic bone. Shangguan (ST7), taken when the mouth is open, at the upper border of the bone anterior to the ear. Also known as Keyuren. Xiaguan (ST7), in the empty space below the arterial pulse anterior to the ear, inferior to Keyuren; there is a gap when the mouth is closed, which closes when the mouth is opened. Jiache (ST6), in the depression at the end of the curved mandible below the ear.
Tutu (CV22), in the depression five cun inferior to the laryngeal prominence of the neck. Xuanji (CV21), one cun inferior to Tutu, in a depression, located with the patient in a supine position. Huagai (CV20), one cun inferior to Xuanji, in a depression, located with the patient in a supine position. Ziping (CV19), one cun and six fen inferior to Huagai, in a depression, located with the patient in a supine position. Yutang (CV18), one cun and six fen inferior to Ziping, in a depression. Danzhong (CV17), one cun and six fen inferior to Yutang, horizontally between the two nipples. Zhongting (CV16), one cun and six fen inferior to Danzhong