（凡七类）
（论一首 脉四首）
论曰∶膀胱者，主肾也，耳中是其候也。肾合气于膀胱。膀胱者，津液之府也，号水曹
掾，名玉海，重九两二铢，左回叠积上下纵广九寸，受津液九升九合，两边等。应二十四气，
鼻空在外，膀胱漏泄。
黄帝问曰∶夫五脏各一名一形，肾乃独两何也？岐伯对曰∶膀胱为腑，有二处、肾亦二
形应
左肾合膀胱，右肾合三焦。
左手关后尺中阳绝者，无膀胱脉也。病苦逆冷，妇人月使不调，旺月则闭。男子失精，
尿有余沥，刺足少阴经，治阴。在足内踝下动脉是也。
右手关后尺中阳绝者，无子户脉也。病苦足逆寒，绝产，带下，无子，阴中寒，刺足少
阴经，治阴。
左手关后尺中阳实者，膀胱实也。病苦逆冷，胁下邪气相引痛，刺足太阳经，治阳。在
足小趾外侧，本节后陷中。
右手关后尺中阳实者，膀胱实也。病苦小腹满引腰痛，刺足太阳经，治阳。
病先发于膀胱者，背膂筋痛，小便闭五日之肾，小腹腰脊痛，胫酸，一日之小肠胀，一
日之脾，闭塞不通，身痛体重。二日不已，死。冬鸡鸣，夏下晡，（一云日夕）。
膀胱病者，小腹偏肿而痛，以手按之，则欲小便而不得，肩上热。若脉陷，及足小趾外
侧及胫踝后皆热。若脉陷，取委中。
膀胱胀者，小腹满而气癃。
肾前受病，传于膀胱，肾咳不已，咳则遗溺。
厥气客于膀胱，则梦游行。
肾应骨，密理浓皮者，三焦膀胱浓。粗理薄皮者，三焦膀胱薄。腠理疏者，三焦膀胱缓
急皮而无毫毛者，三焦膀胱急。毫毛美而粗者，三焦膀胱直。稀毫毛者，三焦膀胱结也。
扁鹊云∶六腑有病彻面形，肾膀胱与足少阴太阳为表里。膀胱总通于五脏，所以五脏有
疾即应膀胱，膀胱有疾即应胞囊。伤热则小便不通，膀胱急尿苦黄赤，伤寒则小便数清白，
或发石水，根在膀胱，四肢小，其腹独大也。（方见治水篇中）。
骨绝不治，齿黄落，十日死。
足太阳之脉，起于目内 上额交巅上。其支者，从巅至耳上角。其直者，从巅入络脑还
出别下项，循肩膊内挟脊抵腰中，入循膂络肾属膀胱。其支者，从腰中下会于后阴，下贯臀
入中。其支者，从膊内左右别下贯胂，（一作髋），过髀枢，循髀外后廉，下合 中以下贯
内出外踝之后，循京骨至小趾外侧是也。动则病冲头痛，目似脱，项似拔，脊痛腰似折，
髀不可以曲（一作回）， 如结， 如裂，是为踝厥。是主筋所生病者，痔疟狂癫疾，头脑
项
痛，目黄泪出、鼽衄，项背腰尻 脚皆痛，小趾不用，盛者则人迎大再倍于寸口。虚者则
人迎反小于寸口也。
（凡七类）
（论一首 脉四首）
论述说：膀胱，主要与肾相联系，耳朵是其外在征候的反映部位。肾将精气输送给膀胱。膀胱是津液汇聚的府库，号称“水曹掾”，名为“玉海”，重量为九两二铢，左侧回旋叠积，上下纵向宽度为九寸，能容纳津液九升九合，左右两侧对称。它对应二十四节气，鼻窍在外，若功能失常则导致膀胱漏泄。
黄帝问道：五脏各有一个名称和一种形态，为什么唯独肾脏有两个呢？岐伯回答说：膀胱作为腑，有两个位置；肾脏也有两种形态，左肾与膀胱相合，右肾与三焦相合。
左手关后尺部脉象阳绝者，表示没有膀胱的脉象。病症表现为畏寒肢冷，妇女月经不调，旺月时经闭。男子遗精，小便淋漓不尽，治疗应针刺足少阴经，调理阴分。穴位位于足内踝下的动脉处。
右手关后尺部脉象阳绝者，表示没有子户（子宫/精室）的脉象。病症表现为足部逆冷，绝育不孕，白带过多，无子嗣，阴中寒冷，治疗应针刺足少阴经，调理阴分。
左手关后尺部脉象阳实者，表示膀胱实证。病症表现为畏寒肢冷，胁下邪气牵引作痛，治疗应针刺足太阳经，调理阳分。穴位位于足小趾外侧，本节后方的凹陷处。
右手关后尺部脉象阳实者，表示膀胱实证。病症表现为小腹胀满牵引腰痛，治疗应针刺足太阳经，调理阳分。
疾病首先发于膀胱的，背部脊柱筋脉疼痛，小便闭塞，五日传变至肾，出现小腹、腰脊疼痛，小腿酸痛，一日后传变至小肠引起胀满，再一日传变至脾，导致闭塞不通，身体疼痛沉重。若两日不愈，则死亡。冬季在鸡鸣时分，夏季在下晡时分（一说为日夕）。
患膀胱病的，小腹部偏侧肿胀且疼痛，用手按压，想小便却排不出，肩部发热。如果脉象陷下，以及足小趾外侧及胫骨踝后都发热。如果脉象陷下，取委中穴治疗。
膀胱胀的病，小腹胀满且气机阻滞排尿困难。
肾脏先受病，传变到膀胱，肾咳不止，咳嗽时遗尿。
厥逆之气客居膀胱，则会梦见游行。
肾主骨，纹理致密、皮肤厚实的，三焦和膀胱也厚实。纹理粗糙、皮肤薄的，三焦和膀胱也薄。腠理疏松的，三焦和膀胱弛缓。皮肤松弛而无毫毛的，三焦和膀胱拘急。毫毛美观而粗壮的，三焦和膀胱正直。毫毛稀疏的，三焦和膀胱结滞。
扁鹊说：六腑有病会反映在形体上，肾与膀胱、足少阴经和足太阳经互为表里。膀胱总通于五脏，所以五脏有病就会应验于膀胱，膀胱有病就会应验于胞囊（女子子宫或男子精室）。感受热邪则小便不通，膀胱拘急，小便苦于黄赤；感受寒邪则小便频数清白，或者发生石水，病根在膀胱，四肢细小，唯独腹部肿大。（方剂见治水篇中）。
骨绝证无法治疗，牙齿发黄脱落，十日死。
足太阳经脉，起于目内眦，上行额部交会于头顶。其分支，从头顶至耳上角。其直行者，从头顶入络脑，复出分别下行项后，沿肩膊内侧挟脊柱抵达腰部，入内联络肾脏归属膀胱。其分支，从腰部下行会合于后阴，向下贯穿臀部入于体内。其分支，从膊内左右别行向下贯穿大腿后侧肌肉（一作髋），经过髀枢，沿大腿外后侧下行，汇合于腘窝中，向下贯穿小腿肚，出于外踝之后，沿京骨穴至足小趾外侧结束。脉动异常则发病，症见冲头痛，眼睛像要脱出，项部像被拔起，脊痛腰像折断，大腿不能弯曲（一作回），腘窝肌肉像被捆结，又像撕裂，这称为踝厥。此经主治筋所生的疾病，如痔疾、疟疾、狂癫疾，头脑项痛，目黄流泪、鼻渊鼻衄，项背腰尻脚皆痛，小趾不能用，脉盛的人迎脉比寸口脉大两倍。脉虚的人迎脉反而小于寸口脉。
(Seven categories in total)
(One treatise, four pulse diagnoses)
The treatise states: The Bladder (Pang Guang) is primarily associated with the Kidney (Shen), and the ears are its external indicator. The Kidney transmits Qi to the Bladder. The Bladder is the mansion of fluids (Jin Ye), nicknamed "Water Clerk" (Shui Cao Yuan) and named "Jade Sea" (Yu Hai). It weighs nine taels and two zhu. Its left side loops and stacks, with a vertical width of nine cun from top to bottom, holding nine sheng and nine he of fluids, symmetric on both sides. It corresponds to the twenty-four solar terms. The nasal cavity is external; dysfunction leads to leakage of the Bladder.
Yellow Emperor asked: Each of the five Zang organs has one name and one form, why does the Kidney have two? Qibo replied: As a Fu organ, the Bladder has two locations; the Kidney also has two forms. The left Kidney combines with the Bladder, and the right Kidney combines with the San Jiao (Triple Burner).
If the Yang pulse at the Chi position behind the Guan on the left hand is absent (Yang Jue), there is no Bladder pulse. The patient suffers from cold extremities. In women, menstruation is irregular or amenorrheic during fertile months. In men, seminal emission occurs, and urination leaves residual drops. Treatment involves needling the Foot Shaoyin Meridian (Zu Shao Yin Jing) to regulate Yin. The point is located at the arterial pulse below the medial malleolus.
If the Yang pulse at the Chi position behind the Guan on the right hand is absent, there is no Zi Hu (uterus/reproductive chamber) pulse. The patient suffers from cold feet, sterility, leukorrhea, inability to conceive, and coldness in the genitalia. Treatment involves needling the Foot Shaoyin Meridian to regulate Yin.
If the Yang pulse at the Chi position behind the Guan on the left hand is excess (Yang Shi), it indicates Bladder Excess Syndrome. The patient suffers from cold extremities and pain radiating from the hypochondrium due to pathogenic factors. Treatment involves needling the Foot Taiyang Meridian (Zu Tai Yang Jing) to regulate Yang. The point is located in the depression lateral to the little toe, behind the metatarsophalangeal joint.
If the Yang pulse at the Chi position behind the Guan on the right hand is excess, it indicates Bladder Excess Syndrome. The patient suffers from fullness in the lower abdomen radiating to lower back pain. Treatment involves needling the Foot Taiyang Meridian to regulate Yang.
Diseases originating first in the Bladder present with pain in the dorsal muscles along the spine and urinary retention. After five days, the disease transmits to the Kidney, causing lower abdominal, lumbar, and spinal pain, and soreness in the calves. After one day, it transmits to the Small Intestine, causing distension. After another day, it transmits to the Spleen, causing obstruction and blockage, body pain, and heaviness. If not resolved within two days, death ensues. Death occurs at cockcrow in winter and at dusk in summer (or said to be evening).
Patients with Bladder disease exhibit unilateral swelling and pain in the lower abdomen. Pressing with the hand creates the urge to urinate but results in inability to do so. Heat is felt in the shoulder. If the pulse is sunken, and heat is present in the lateral aspect of the little toe and posterior to the tibial malleolus, if the pulse is sunken, Weizhong (BL-40) should be selected.
Bladder distension presents as lower abdominal fullness and difficulty in urination due to Qi stagnation.
When the Kidney is diseased first and transmits to the Bladder, persistent Kidney cough leads to urinary incontinence upon coughing.
When rebellious Qi lodges in the Bladder, dreams of traveling occur.
The Kidney governs bones. Those with dense texture and thick skin have thick San Jiao and Bladder. Those with coarse texture and thin skin have thin San Jiao and Bladder. Those with loose interstices have lax San Jiao and Bladder. Those with loose skin and no body hair have tense San Jiao and Bladder. Those with beautiful and coarse body hair have upright San Jiao and Bladder. Those with sparse body hair have knotted San Jiao and Bladder.
Bian Que said: Diseases of the six Fu organs manifest in the形体 (xing ti - physical form). The Kidney and Bladder, along with the Foot Shaoyin and Foot Taiyang meridians, are exterior-interior pairs. The Bladder connects generally to the five Zang organs; thus, when the five Zang are diseased, it reflects in the Bladder, and when the Bladder is diseased, it reflects in the Bao Nang (womb/cyst). Heat injury causes urinary obstruction, bladder tension, and bitter yellow-red urine. Cold injury causes frequent clear urine, or may cause Stone Water (Shi Shui), rooted in the Bladder, characterized by small limbs and a disproportionately large abdomen. (Formulas see the chapter on treating water).
Bone Jue (desperation) is untreatable. Yellowing and loss of teeth indicate death within ten days.
The Foot Taiyang Meridian originates from the inner canthus, ascends to the forehead, and intersects at the vertex. Its branch goes from the vertex to the supraorbital angle. Its straight branch enters the brain from the vertex, emerges separately, descends down the neck, follows the medial shoulder blade, flanks the spine, reaches the waist, enters internally to connect with the Kidney and belong to the Bladder. Its branch descends from the waist, meets at the posterior orifice, passes through the buttocks into the interior. Another branch separates from the shoulder region, descends bilaterally through the thigh muscles (one version says hip), passes through the hip pivot, follows the posterior-lateral aspect of the thigh, converges in the popliteal fossa, descends through the calf, emerges posterior to the lateral malleolus, follows Jinggu (BL-64) to the lateral aspect of the little toe. Pathological movement causes headache rushing upward, eyes feeling like they will fall out, neck feeling like being pulled, back pain as if the waist were broken, thighs unable to bend, hamstring muscles feeling bound or torn. This is called An Jue (Ankle Jue). This meridian governs diseases related to sinews, such as hemorrhoids, malaria, mania, epilepsy, head and neck pain, yellow eyes with tearing, rhinitis, epistaxis, pain in the neck, back, loins, sacrum, and feet, and dysfunction of the little toe. When excessive, the Renying (ST-9) pulse is twice as large as the Cunkou (Radial) pulse. When deficient, the Renying pulse is smaller than the Cunkou pulse.