肘后凡饮食杂味,有相害相得,得则益体,害则成病,以此致疾,例皆难疗,所以病有
不受药疗,必至于死也,今略疏其不可啖物,不须各题病名,想知者善加慎之,诸鸟兽陆地
肉物忌法。
白犬血肾(不可杂白鸡肝白鹅肝) 白羊肉(不可杂鸡肉) 犬肝(不可杂乌鸡狗兔肉)
猪
肉(不可合乌梅食,一云不可合羊肝) 兔肉(不可杂獭肉及白鸡心食) 白马(黑头者不
可食) 麋肉(不可合虾蟆及獭生菜食) 麋脂(不可合梅李食) 麋肉(不可杂鹄肉食) 羊
肝(不可
合乌梅白梅及椒) 牛肠(不可合犬血肉等食) 白马(青蹄肉不可食) 白猪(白蹄青瓜
班班不
可食) 鸡(有六翮不可食) 乌鸡(白头不可食之杀人) 鹿(白胆不可误食) 食猪肉
(不可卧
稻穣草中) 雄鸡肉(不可合生葱芥菜食) 鸡鸭子(不可合蒜桃李子鳖肉山鸡肉) 雀肉
(不可
杂牛肝落地尘不着不可食) 暴脯(不肯燥及犬炙不动见水而动者不可食) 祭肉(自动及
酒自
竭并不可饮食也) 鸟兽(自死口不开翼不合不可食) 鸟兽(被烧死不可食) 病患(不
可食熊
肉及猴肉) 山羊肉(不可合鸡子食之) 半夏 菖蒲(忌食羊肉) 鸡子(不合鲤鱼) 巴
豆(忌
猪肉芦笋) 商陆(忌白犬肉) 细辛桔梗(忌菜) 白术(忌食桃李) 甘草(忌食菘菜)
牡丹
(忌胡荽) 常山(忌葱) 茯苓(忌酢) 天门冬(忌食鲤鱼) 黄连桔梗(忌食猪肉) 藜
芦(忌
食狸肉) 凡(蝇蜂及蝼蚁集食上而食之致 病也) 凡(饮水浆及酒不见影者不可饮之) 丙
午日(勿
又疗猝得食病似伤寒,其人但欲卧,七日不疗杀人。
按其脊两边当有陷处,正灸陷处两头各七壮则愈。
又疗中虚冷,不能饮食,食辄不消,羸瘦,四肢 弱,百病因此而生方。
薤白(一斤) 枳实(三两炙) 大枣(十二枚擘) 粳米(二合) 豉(七合)
上五味,以水七升煮薤,余五升,纳诸药,煮取一升半,分三服,瘥止。
又方
豉心(一升熬末) 麦 曲(各一两熬) 蜀椒(一升汗) 干姜(一升末)
上五味捣筛,以蜜拌,食后酒服之方寸匕。
又方
曲(半斤熬) 麦 (五升半熬) 杏仁(一升去尖皮熬)
上三味捣筛,蜜和末,食后服如弹丸一枚,渐增之。
又方
大黄 芍药 芒硝(各一斤)
上三味末之,以蜜三斤于铜器中汤上煎可丸,服如梧子十丸,日再服。
又方
曲(一斤熬) 吴茱萸(一升) 干姜(十两)
上三味捣为末,服方寸匕。
又疗脾胃气弱,谷不消,兼不复受食方。
大麻仁(三升) 大豆黄(二升并熬香)
上二味捣筛,以饮服一方寸匕,渐加服。
又疗饱食讫便卧得病,令人四肢烦重,嘿嘿欲卧方。
大麦 (一升熬) 干姜(二两)
上二味捣为末,服方寸匕,日三良。
又疗食生冷杂物,或寒时衣薄当风,夜食便卧不消,心腹烦满痛胀急,或连日不化方。
烧地令极热,即激薄覆取汗愈。
深师疗食饱烦闷,但欲卧而腹痛方。
曲熬令香黄
上一味捣为末,服方寸匕,大麦 亦佳。
千金翼(凡六畜五脏着草自动摇及得酢咸不变色又随地不污又与犬不食皆有毒杀人也)
凡
食饮有毒(浇地地坟起皆杀人)凡(肉在器中盖密气不泄者皆杀人)凡(脯肉熟肉不用深藏
密气
不泄杀人)若中此毒者,皆犬粪灰,水服方寸匕良。
古今录验疗新中杂食,瘀实不消,心腹坚痛方。
取水三升煮白盐一升令消,分服取吐必瘥。
备急席辩刺史云,岭南俚人毒药,皆因食得之,多不即觉,渐不能食或更心中嘈胀,并
背急闷,先寒似瘴,微觉,即急取一片白银含一宿,银变色,即是药也,银色青是蓝药,银
色黄赤是菌药,久久毒入眼,眼或青或黄赤,若青是蓝药,若黄赤是菌药,俚人有解疗者,
畏人得法,在外预合,或言三百头牛药,或言三百两银药,余住久,与首领亲狎,知其药并
是常
初得俚人毒药,未得余药且令定方。
生姜(四两) 甘草(三两炙)
上二味以水六升,煮取二升,平旦分二服讫,后别方疗之。
又疗之方。
常山(四两) 白盐(二匕)
上二味,以水一斗渍之一宿,以月尽日渍之,月一日五更以土釜煎,勿令奴婢鸡犬见之
,煮取二升,平旦分再服,服讫,少时即吐,以铜盆盛之,看若色青,以杖举得五尺不断者
,即药未尽,一二日后更进一剂。
又方
都 藤(十二两此药岭南有土人识俚人呼为三百两银药甚细长有高三尺微藤生切)
上一味,以水一升酒二升和,煮取二升,分三服,服讫,药毒逐大小便出,十日慎毒食
,不瘥更服,以瘥为度。(肘后云黄藤)
又疗腹内诸毒方。
都 藤 黄藤(各二虎口长三寸并细锉)
上二味以酒三升合罂中密封,以糖火围四边烧,令三沸,待冷出之,温常服,令有酒色,
无禁忌,若不获已,欲食俚人食者,先取甘草一寸,炙令熟,嚼咽汁,若食着毒药,即吐便
是药也,依前法疗之,若经含甘草而不吐非也,宜常收甘草十数片随身带之自防也,岭南将
熟食米及生食甘蔗巴蕉之属自更于火上炮炙烧食之,永无虑也,若被席上散药卧着,因汁入
肉,最难主疗,可常自将净席随身,及匙箸甘草解毒药行甚妙。(肘后无黄藤)
张文仲白黍(不可合饴糖蜜共食) 黍米(不可合葵共食) 白蜜(不可合菰首食) 菰
首(
不可合生菜食) 病患(不可食胡荽芹菜及青花黄花菜) 妊身(勿食桑椹并鸭子) 五月
(勿食
韭) 十月(勿食椒) 二月三日四月八日(勿食百草) 二月(勿食小蒜) 四月(勿食
胡荽谨按
仲景方云正月勿食生葱二月勿食蓼三月勿食小蒜四月八月勿食葫五月勿食韭五月五日勿食生
菜七月勿食茱萸八月九月勿食姜十月勿食椒) 食(骏马肉不饮酒杀人也) 马(鞍下肉不
可食
)马黑脊(而斑臂亦勿食)
食马肝中毒方。
取牡鼠矢二七枚,两头尖者是,水和研饮之。(仲景同)
又食诸六畜鸟兽肝中毒方。
取发剪之,长半寸, 土作溏沾二升,合和所锉发饮之,须臾发皆贯所食肝出也,谨按
发误食之,令人成发症为病,不可疗,今和发土饮之,岂得有此理否,可详审之,别有方法
也。
又方
服头垢一钱匕,立瘥。(仲景千金同)
又方
清水投豉,绞取汁饮数升,瘥止。
又凡物肝脏自不可轻啖,自死者弥勿食之。
诸心皆勿食之,为神识所舍,使人来生获报对,又食生肝中毒方。
服附子末方寸匕,日三,须以生姜汤服之不然,自生其毒。
又禽兽有中毒箭死者,其肉有毒,可以蓝汁大豆解射罔也。
又食郁肉及漏脯中毒方。
取犬矢烧末,以酒服方寸匕。
又方
捣生韭,绞取汁,服一二升,冬月连根取,和水洗绞之用薤亦佳,凡肉闭在密器中经宿
者为郁肉,茅屋溜下沾脯为漏脯,并有大毒。
又食黍米中脏干脯中毒方。
浓煮大豆汁,饮数升即解,兼疗诸肉及漏脯毒。
又食自死六畜诸肉中毒方。
捣黄柏末,以水和方寸匕服,未觉,再服瘥。
又凡六畜自死,皆是遭疫则有毒,人有食疫死牛肉,令病洞下,亦致坚积者,并宜以利
药下之良。
又食诸菜肉脯中毒方。
烧猪骨捣下筛,水服方寸匕,日三四瘥。(千金同)
又方
烧笠子末,服方寸匕,日三。
又食马肉洞下欲死者方。
豉(二百粒) 杏仁(二十枚)
上二味合于炊饭中蒸之,捣丸服之,至瘥。(仲景同)
又甘豆汤冷冻饮料之,诸毒悉解,诸不可及也。
辨鱼鳖蟹毒不可食,及不得共食。
肘后云凡鱼(头有正白连珠至脊上不可食也) 鱼(无肠胆不可食) 鱼(头黑点不可
食)
鱼(头似有角不可食) 鱼(无鳃不可食) 鱼(赤目须不可食) 鱼(不可合乌鸡肉食)
生
鱼(目赤不可作绘食) 鱼(不可合鸬 肉食) 鱼(不可合鹿肉食之) 鲫鱼(不可合
猪肝及
猴肉食) 青鱼(不可合小豆藿食) 鱼汁(不可合自死六畜肉食) 青鱼 (不可合胡荽
及生
葵麦酱食) 鲤鱼 (不可合小豆藿) (不可合鸡肉食) 无须(及腹下通黑及煮之
反白
皆不可食) 鲤鱼(不可合白犬肉) 鲤鱼(不可合繁蒌菜作蒸) 鳖(目凹不可食) 鳖
(压下有
如王字不可食之) 鳖(不可合鸡鸭子食之) 鳖肉(不可合苋菜食之亦不可合龟共煮之) 龟
肉(不可合瓜及饮酒) 蟹(自相向及足斑目赤者不可食之) 病患(不可食 鱼鲔鱼等) 妊
身(不可食鳖及鱼 ) 桂天门冬(忌食鲤鱼)
又疗食蟹及诸肴膳中毒方。
浓煮香苏,饮汁一升解。(本仲景方)
又人有食蟹中毒,烦乱欲死,服五蛊黄丸,得吐下皆瘥,夫蟹未被霜多毒,熟煮乃可食
之,或云是水莨所为,彭蜞亦有毒,蔡谟食之几死。
又疗食诸HT 百物毒方。
取贝齿一枚含之,须臾吐所食物瘥。(千金同)
又方
捣韭汁服一升,冬以水煮根服。(千金云服数升)
又方
掘厕旁地作坎,深一尺,以水满坎中取故厕筹十四枚,烧令燃,以投坎中,乃取汁饮四
五升,即愈。(千金同)
又诸馔食直尔何容有毒,皆是以毒投之耳,既不知是何处毒,便应煎甘草荠 汤疗之,
汉质帝食HT ,魏任城王啖枣,皆致死,即其事也。
《肘后备急方》中记载,凡是饮食中的各种杂味,有的相互克制,有的相互协调。协调则有益身体,相克则导致疾病,由此引发的疾病,通常都难以治疗,所以有些病不服药就会致死。现在简要列出不宜食用的食物,不必逐一标注病名,懂得养生的人应当谨慎对待。以下是关于各种鸟兽及陆地肉类食物的禁忌方法。
白犬的血和肾(不可与白鸡肝、白鹅肝混合食用);白羊肉(不可与鸡肉混合食用);狗肝(不可与乌鸡、狗肉、兔肉混合食用);猪肉(不可与乌梅同食,另一种说法是不可与羊肝同食);兔肉(不可与獭肉及白鸡心混合食用);白马(黑头的马不可食用);麋鹿肉(不可与蛤蟆及獭的生菜混合食用);麋鹿脂(不可与李、梅同食);麋鹿肉(不可与鹄肉混合食用);羊肝(不可与乌梅、白梅及花椒同食);牛肠(不可与狗血、狗肉等混合食用);白马(青蹄的肉不可食用);白猪(白蹄且身上有青斑的不可食用);鸡(翅膀上有六根主羽的不可食用);乌鸡(白头的不宜食用,吃了会杀人);鹿(白胆不可误食);吃猪肉后(不可躺在稻草堆上睡觉);雄鸡肉(不可与生葱、芥菜混合食用);鸡鸭肉(不可与蒜、李子、桃子、鳖肉、山鸡肉混合食用);雀肉(不可与牛肝混合,掉在地上的尘土沾附的不可食用);暴干的肉脯(如果干燥不透,或者像狗烤的那样不动,遇水却动的,不可食用);祭祀用的肉(自动摇动或酒自动变质的,都不可饮食);鸟兽(自己死去的,口张开、翅膀不合拢的,不可食用);鸟兽(被火烧死的,不可食用);患病的人(不可食用熊肉及猴肉);山羊肉(不可与鸡蛋混合食用)。
半夏、菖蒲(忌食羊肉);鸡蛋(不与鲤鱼同食);巴豆(忌猪肉、芦笋);商陆(忌白犬肉);细辛、桔梗(忌蔬菜);白术(忌桃李);甘草(忌菘菜/白菜);牡丹(忌胡荽/香菜);常山(忌葱);茯苓(忌醋);天门冬(忌鲤鱼);黄连、桔梗(忌猪肉);藜芦(忌狸肉)。
大凡苍蝇、蜜蜂及蝼蚁聚集在食物上,人若食用了这些食物,会导致疾病。大凡饮水或酒,如果看不到水中倒影的,不可饮用。丙午日(不要再次治疗突然得的食积病,症状类似伤寒,病人只想睡觉,七天不治疗会致死。按摸脊柱两侧应有凹陷处,正对凹陷处两头各灸七壮即可痊愈。
又治疗中气虚冷,不能饮食,进食后不消化,身体消瘦,四肢无力,百病因此产生的方子。
薤白(一斤) 枳实(三两,炙) 大枣(十二枚,掰开) 粳米(二合) 豆豉(七合)
以上五味药,用水七升煮薤白,剩下五升时,加入其他药物,煮取一升半,分三次服用,病愈即停。
又一个方子:
豆豉心(一升,炒成末) 麦曲(各一两,炒) 蜀椒(一升,出汗/去油) 干姜(一升,研末)
以上五味药捣碎过筛,用蜂蜜拌和,饭后用酒送服一方寸匕。
又一个方子:
神曲(半斤,炒) 小麦(五升半,炒) 杏仁(一升,去尖皮,炒)
以上三味药捣碎过筛,用蜜调和成末,饭后服用如弹丸大小一枚,逐渐增加剂量。
又一个方子:
大黄 芍药 芒硝(各一斤)
以上三味药研成末,用三斤蜂蜜在铜器中隔水煎至可做成丸药的程度,服用梧桐子大小的十丸,每天两次。
又一个方子:
神曲(一斤,炒) 吴茱萸(一升) 干姜(十两)
以上三味药捣为末,服用一方寸匕。
又治疗脾胃气弱,谷物不消化,兼之不能再接受食物的方子。
大麻仁(三升) 大豆黄卷(二升,并炒香)
以上两味药捣碎过筛,用饮汤送服一方寸匕,逐渐增加剂量。
又治疗饱食后立即躺卧致病,使人四肢烦重,沉默想睡的方子。
大麦(一升,炒) 干姜(二两)
以上两味药捣为末,服用一方寸匕,每天三次,效果良好。
又治疗食用生冷杂物,或在寒冷时衣服单薄受风,夜间进食后立即躺卧不消化,导致心腹烦闷胀满疼痛紧急,或者连续几天不消化的方子。
烧地使其极热,随即铺上薄席让人躺下取汗,即可痊愈。
《深师方》治疗食饱后烦闷,只想睡觉且腹痛的方子。
神曲炒至香黄
以上一味药捣为末,服用一方寸匕,大麦也有效。
《千金翼方》记载:凡是六畜的五脏附着在草上自动摇动,以及遇到酸咸不变色,又不随地弄脏,连狗都不吃的,都有毒,会杀人。
凡是饮食有毒(浇在地上地面隆起的,都会杀人)。凡是肉放在容器中盖严密,气息不泄露的,都会杀人。凡是肉脯熟肉不用深藏,气息不泄露的,也会杀人。如果中了这种毒,都用狗粪灰,用水送服一方寸匕,效果良好。
《古今录验》治疗新近因杂食导致的瘀滞结实不消化,心腹坚硬疼痛的方子。
取水三升,煮白盐一升令其溶解,分次服用,促使呕吐,必能痊愈。
备急将军席辩刺史说,岭南俚人的毒药,都是因饮食而得,大多不会立即察觉,逐渐不能进食,或者心中嘈杂胀满,背部紧急闷痛,先怕冷似瘴气。稍微感觉不适,就急忙取一片白银含在口中一夜,银变色,就是毒药。银色发青是蓝药,银色发黄赤是菌药。长久中毒入眼,眼睛或青或黄赤,若青是蓝药,若黄赤是菌药。俚人有解药的人,害怕别人得到方法,在外面预先配制,有人说三百头牛的药,有人说三百两银的药。我住得久,与首领亲近,知道他们的药都是平常的。初得俚人毒药,未得到其余解药前,先用这个定方的方子。
生姜(四两) 甘草(三两,炙)
以上两味药用水六升,煮取二升,天亮时分分两次服完,之后再另用方子治疗。
又一个治疗方子。
常山(四两) 白盐(二匕)
以上两味药,用水一斗浸泡一夜,选择在月末那天浸泡,月初五更天用土釜煎煮,不要让奴婢、鸡、狗看见,煮取二升,天亮时分分两次服用,服完后不久就会呕吐,用铜盆接住,看颜色若发青,用棍子举起五尺不断裂的,说明药力未尽,一二日后再进一剂。
又一个方子
都藤(十二两,此药岭南有当地人认识,俚人呼为“三百两银药”,非常细长,高三尺左右的微藤,切碎)
以上一味药,用水一升、酒二升混合,煮取二升,分三次服用,服完后,药毒随大小便排出,十日内慎食毒物,若不愈再服,以痊愈为度。(《肘后方》称为黄藤)
又治疗腹内各种毒物的方子。
都藤 黄藤(各取虎口长三寸,并细细切碎)
以上两味药放入酒三升的罐中密封,用糖火围绕四周燃烧,令其沸腾三次,待冷却后取出,温服,使其带有酒色,没有禁忌。如果不是不得已想吃俚人食物,先取一寸甘草,炙熟,嚼咽汁液,如果吃了毒药,就会呕吐,这就是解毒的方法。依照前面的方法治疗,如果含了甘草而不吐,就不是中毒。应该经常收存十几片甘草随身带着以防万一。岭南人将熟食米饭及生食甘蔗、芭蕉之类,自己在火上炮炙烧着吃,永远无忧虑。如果被席子上散落的药粉沾染,汁液进入肉中,最难主治。可以经常随身携带干净的席子,以及匙箸和甘草解毒药,非常妙。(《肘后方》无黄藤)
张文仲记载:白黍(不可与饴糖、蜂蜜共食);黍米(不可与葵菜共食);白蜜(不可与菰首/茭白共食);菰首(不可与生菜共食);病患(不可食用胡荽、芹菜及青花黄花菜);孕妇(勿食桑椹及鸭子);五月(勿食韭菜);十月(勿食花椒);二月三日、四月八日(勿食百草);二月(勿食小蒜);四月(勿食胡荽)。谨按张仲景方云:正月勿食生葱,二月勿食蓼,三月勿食小蒜,四月八月勿食葫,五月勿食韭菜,五月五日勿食生菜,七月勿食茱萸,八月九月勿食姜,十月勿食花椒。
吃(骏马肉不饮酒会杀人);马(鞍下的肉不可食用);马黑脊背(且手臂有斑纹的也不要食用)。
食马肝中毒的方子。
取公老鼠屎十四枚,两头尖的是正品,用水调和研磨后饮服。(与张仲景方相同)
又食各种六畜鸟兽肝脏中毒的方子。
取头发剪成半寸长,黄土调成泥状二升,混合切碎的头发一起饮服,一会儿头发都会随着所食的肝排出来。谨按:头发若误食入体内,会让人形成“发症”这种病,无法治疗。现在混合头发和黄土饮服,难道会有这样的道理吗?请详细审察,另有方法。
又一个方子
服用头垢一钱匕,立刻痊愈。(与张仲景、《千金方》相同)
又凡是动物的肝脏本身就不宜轻易食用,自死的更加不可食用。
各种心脏都不要食用,因为神识居住其中,使人来世获得报应。另外,食用生肝中毒的方子。
服用附子末一方寸匕,每天三次,必须用生姜汤送服,否则会产生毒性。
又禽兽有被毒箭射死,其肉有毒,可以用蓝汁和大豆解除射罔(一种毒药)的毒性。
又一个方子
捣碎生韭菜,绞取汁液,服用一二升,冬季连根取,加水洗净绞汁使用,用薤白也很好。凡是肉封闭在密闭容器中经过一夜的为“郁肉”,茅屋滴下的雨水沾到的肉脯为“漏脯”,都有大毒。
又食黍米中脏干脯中毒的方子。
浓煮大豆汁,饮数升即可解毒,兼治各种肉及漏脯毒。
又食自死六畜诸肉中毒的方子。
捣黄柏末,用水调服一方寸匕,未见效,再服即愈。
又凡是六畜自死,都是遭遇瘟疫因而有毒,人吃了疫死的牛肉,会导致腹泻,也会造成坚积病症,都适宜用泻下药攻下,效果良好。
又食各种菜肉脯中毒的方子。
烧猪骨捣碎过筛,用水送服一方寸匕,每天三四次,病愈。(与《千金方》相同)
又食马肉导致严重腹泻快要死去的方子。
豆豉(二百粒) 杏仁(二十枚)
以上两味药合在炊饭中蒸熟,捣丸服用,直到痊愈。(与张仲景方相同)
辨别鱼鳖蟹毒,不可食用,以及不得共同食用。
《肘后方》说:凡是鱼(头有正白连珠直至脊上的不可食用);鱼(无肠胆的不可食用);鱼(头有黑点的不可食用);鱼(头似有角的不可食用);鱼(无鳃的不可食用);鱼(红眼睛胡须的不可食用);鱼(不可与乌鸡肉同食);生鱼(眼睛红的不可做脍食);鱼(不可与鸬鹚肉同食);鱼(不可与鹿肉同食);鲫鱼(不可与猪肝及猴肉同食);青鱼(不可与小豆、豆叶同食);鱼汁(不可与自死六畜肉同食);青鱼(不可与胡荽及生葵、麦酱同食);鲤鱼(不可与小豆、豆叶同食)(不可与鸡肉同食);无须(及腹部通体黑及煮熟后反而变白的,都不可食用);鲤鱼(不可与白犬肉同食);鲤鱼(不可与繁蒌菜一起做蒸菜);鳖(眼睛凹陷的不可食用);鳖(按压下有如王字纹的不可食用);鳖(不可与鸡鸭肉同食);鳖肉(不可与苋菜同食,也不可与龟一起煮);龟肉(不可与瓜及饮酒同食);蟹(互相面向及脚有斑点眼睛红的不可食用);病患(不可食用鲔鱼等);孕妇(不可食用鳖及鱼)。桂枝、天门冬(忌食鲤鱼)。
又治疗食蟹及诸肴膳中毒的方子。
浓煮香苏,饮汁一升可解。(本出自张仲景方)
又有人食蟹中毒,烦乱欲死,服用五蛊黄丸,得吐下皆愈。螃蟹未被霜打之前毒性多,煮熟才可食用。有人说这是水莨所为,彭蜞也有毒,蔡谟吃了差点死掉。
又治疗食各种食物中毒的方子。
取贝齿一枚含在口中,一会儿吐出所食之物即愈。(与《千金方》相同)
又一个方子
捣韭汁服一升,冬季用水煮根服。(《千金方》说服数升)
又一个方子
挖掘厕所旁边的地挖一个坑,深一尺,用水填满坑,取旧的厕筹十四枚,烧红,投入坑中,然后取汁液饮四五升,即愈。(与《千金方》相同)
又各种菜肴本来怎么会有毒呢,都是有人投毒罢了。既然不知道是什么地方的毒,就应该煎甘草荠菜汤来治疗。汉质帝吃𫗦(一种毒饼),魏任城王吃枣,都导致死亡,就是这类事情。
The *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* records that various flavors in diet have mutual restrictions and compatibilities. Compatibility benefits the body, while restriction causes disease. Diseases arising from this are generally difficult to treat; thus, some illnesses will lead to death if not treated with medicine. Herein, foods that should not be consumed are briefly listed without specifying each disease name for those who understand health preservation to exercise caution. The following are taboos regarding various birds, beasts, and terrestrial meats.
Blood and kidneys of white dogs (should not be mixed with livers of white chickens or white geese); meat of white sheep (should not be mixed with chicken meat); liver of dogs (should not be mixed with black chickens, dog meat, or rabbit meat); pork (should not be eaten with dark plums; another view states it should not be mixed with sheep liver); rabbit meat (should not be mixed with otter meat and hearts of white chickens); white horses (those with black heads should not be eaten); meat of sika deer (should not be eaten with toads and raw vegetables of otters); fat of sika deer (should not be eaten with plums and pears); meat of sika deer (should not be mixed with swan meat); liver of sheep (should not be eaten with dark plums, white plums, and Sichuan pepper); intestines of cattle (should not be eaten with dog blood and dog meat); white horses (meat of those with blue hooves should not be eaten); white pigs (those with white hooves and mottled green spots should not be eaten); chickens (those with six primary flight feathers should not be eaten); black chickens (white-headed ones should not be eaten, as they can be fatal); deer (white gallbladders should not be mistakenly eaten); after eating pork (one should not lie on straw piles); rooster meat (should not be eaten with raw scallions and mustard greens); chicken and duck meat (should not be eaten with garlic, plums, peaches, turtle meat, or mountain chicken meat); sparrow meat (should not be mixed with ox liver; those contaminated with dust falling on the ground should not be eaten); dried meat jerky (if not thoroughly dried, or resembling roasted dog meat that does not move but moves when exposed to water, should not be eaten); sacrificial meat (that moves spontaneously or wine that turns sour spontaneously should not be consumed); birds and beasts (that die naturally with mouths open and wings unclosed should not be eaten); birds and beasts (killed by fire should not be eaten); patients (should not eat bear meat or monkey meat); goat meat (should not be eaten with eggs).
Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) and Changpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma) (taboo: mutton); Chicken eggs (should not be combined with carp); Badou (Crotonis Fructus) (taboo: pork and Asparagus Fern Shoots); Shenglu (Phytolaccae Radix) (taboo: white dog meat); Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) and Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) (taboo: vegetables); Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (taboo: plums and peaches); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (taboo: Chinese Cabbage); Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex) (taboo: Coriander); Changshan (Dichroae Radix) (taboo: Scallion); Fuling (Poria) (taboo: Vinegar); Tianmendong (Asparagi Radix) (taboo: Carp); Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) and Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) (taboo: Pork); Lilu (Veratrum Root) (taboo: Civet Cat Meat).
Generally, if flies, bees, or mole crickets gather on food, consuming such food causes disease. Generally, drinking water or wine that shows no reflection is forbidden. On Bingwu days (do not re-treat sudden food stagnation resembling Taiyang disease; the patient desires sleep only. Untreated for seven days, it is fatal. Palpating both sides of the spine reveals depressions; moxibustion at both ends of the depression, seven moxa cones each, cures it.)
Another formula for treating deficiency-cold in the middle jiao, inability to eat, indigestion, emaciation, weak limbs, and myriad diseases arising therefrom:
Xiebai (Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus, 1 jin), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange, 3 liang, prepared by stir-frying), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus, 12 pieces, split), Jingmi (Oryzae Glutinis Semen, 2 he), Chishao (Red Peony Root, note: text says Chi Shi/Douchi? Context implies Douchi/Vicia Seed, 7 he - assuming Douchi based on context "Shi" usually refers to fermented soybean paste/tea here, specifically Chidou or just Douchi. Text says "Chi" then "Dou". Likely Douchi/Fermented Soybean).
Boil Xiebai in 7 sheng of water until 5 sheng remain. Add other herbs, boil to 1.5 sheng. Divide into three doses. Stop when cured.
Another formula:
Chidouxin (Heart of Fermented Soybean, 1 sheng, fried to powder), Maiqu (Wheat Leaven, 1 liang each, fried), Shujiao (Sichuan Pepper, 1 sheng, sweat/oil removed), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 1 sheng, powdered).
Grind and sieve the five ingredients. Mix with honey. Take one fangcun bi (square inch spoonful) with wine after meals.
Another formula:
Qu (Leaven, 0.5 jin, fried), Xiaomai (Wheat, 5.5 sheng, fried), Xingren (Apricot Kernel, 1 sheng, remove tips/skin, fried).
Grind and sieve the three ingredients. Mix with honey into a powder. Take one pill-sized dose after meals, gradually increasing.
Another formula:
Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas) (each 1 jin).
Grind into powder. Use 3 jin of honey to simmer in a copper vessel over hot water until moldable into pills. Take ten pills the size of wu zi (walnut seeds) twice daily.
Another formula:
Qu (Leaven, 1 jin, fried), Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus, 1 sheng), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 10 liang).
Grind into powder. Take one fangcun bi.
Another formula for weak spleen and stomach qi, indigestion of grains, and inability to accept more food:
Dama Ren (Hemp Seed, 3 sheng), Dadouhuangjuan (Yellow Soybean Sprouts, 2 sheng, fried fragrant).
Grind and sieve the two ingredients. Take one fangcun bi with drink, gradually increasing.
Another formula for illness caused by lying down immediately after full meals, resulting in heavy limbs, silence, and desire to sleep:
Damai (Barley, 1 sheng, fried), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 2 liang).
Grind into powder. Take one fangcun bi three times daily. Good results.
Another formula for indigestion due to cold/raw food, exposure to wind in thin clothing, lying down after night meals, causing heart/abdominal distension, pain, urgency, or multi-day non-digestion:
Heat the ground extremely hot, then lie on a thin mat to induce sweating. Cured.
*Shenshi Fang* treats fullness, distress, desire to sleep, and abdominal pain after overeating:
Qu (Leaven), fried until fragrant and yellow.
Grind into powder. Take one fangcun bi. Damai (Barley) is also good.
*Qianjin Yi Fang* records: If internal organs of livestock shake spontaneously on grass, do not change color with acid/salt, do not soil the ground, and are refused by dogs, they are toxic and fatal.
If food/drink is toxic (pouring on ground causes mound formation, fatal). If meat is sealed tightly in vessels preventing gas escape, it is fatal. If jerky/cooked meat is stored deeply preventing gas escape, it is fatal. For such poisoning, take dog feces ash, mix with water, take one fangcun bi. Good effect.
*Gujin Luyan* treats recent food stagnation causing hardness/pain in heart/abdomen:
Take 3 sheng water, boil 1 sheng white salt until dissolved. Drink in divided doses to induce vomiting. Cured.
Governor Xi Bian of Beijijiang states Lingnan Li people's poisons are ingested via food, often unnoticed initially, leading to anorexia, epigastric discomfort, back stiffness, and chills resembling malaria. Immediately hold a piece of silver in the mouth overnight. Color change indicates poison: Blue-green is Lan Yao (Indigo Poison); Yellow-red is Jun Yao (Fungus Poison). Long-term poisoning affects eyes (blue/green/yellow-red). Li people have antidotes but hide them. Some claim "300 ox poison" or "300 taels silver poison." I lived long among them and know these are common substances. For initial Li poisoning before obtaining specific antidotes, use this stabilizing formula:
Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 4 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, 3 liang, prepared).
Boil in 6 sheng water to obtain 2 sheng. Take half at dawn, half later. Then treat with other formulas.
Another treatment:
Changshan (Dichroa Root, 4 liang), Baiyan (White Salt, 2 bi).
Soak in 1 dou water overnight. Soak on the last day of the lunar month. Boil in a clay pot at dawn on the first day. Do not let servants, chickens, or dogs see it. Boil to 2 sheng. Take half at dawn. Vomiting occurs shortly after. Catch vomit in a copper basin. If blue-green and stringy when lifted 5 chi with a stick, poison remains. Retake in 1-2 days.
Another formula:
Du Teng (Calamus Vine?, 12 liang. Recognized by locals in Lingnan as "300 taels silver poison," very fine, ~3 chi high vine. Cut up).
Boil in 1 sheng water and 2 sheng wine to obtain 2 sheng. Divide into three doses. Poison exits via urine/feces. Avoid toxic food for 10 days. Repeat if not cured. (*Zhouhou* calls it Huang Teng).
Another formula for abdominal poisons:
Du Teng and Huang Teng (each 3 cun length fitting tiger's mouth, finely chopped).
Seal in jar with 3 sheng wine. Surround with sugar-fire heat, boil three times. Cool and take warm. No taboos. If eating Li food is unavoidable, chew 1 cun of prepared Gan Licorice first. If poisoned, vomiting occurs. Follow previous method. If no vomiting after licorice, not poisoned. Carry licorice slices for prevention. In Lingnan, roast cooked rice, sugarcane, bananas over fire before eating to avoid worry. If touched by scattered poison on mats entering flesh, hard to treat. Carry clean mats, chopsticks, and licorice antidote. (*Zhouhou* lacks Huang Teng).
Zhang Wenzhong records: White Shu (Millet) (taboo: maltose/honey); Shumi (Millet Grain) (taboo: Malva); White Honey (taboo: Wild Rice Stem); Wild Rice Stem (taboo: Raw Vegetables); Patients (taboo: Coriander, Celery, Blue/Green/Yellow Flowering Vegetables); Pregnant women (avoid Mulberry fruits and Duck); May (avoid Leeks); October (avoid Sichuan Pepper); Feb 3, Apr 8 (avoid hundred herbs); Feb (avoid Small Garlic); Apr (avoid Coriander). Note Zhang Zhongjing's rules: Jan (raw scallion), Feb (Polygonum), Mar (Small Garlic), Apr/Aug (Garlic Chives), May (Leeks), May 5 (Raw Veg), Jul (Cornel), Aug/Sep (Ginger), Oct (Sichuan Pepper).
Eating Horse meat without alcohol is fatal. Horse saddle meat is forbidden. Black-spotted horse backs/arms are forbidden.
Formula for Horse Liver Poisoning:
Take 14 male rat droppings (pointed at both ends). Grind with water and drink. (Same as Zhang Zhongjing).
Formula for Poisoning from Various Livestock/Bird/Beast Livers:
Cut hair to 0.5 cun. Mix with 2 sheng yellow earth mud. Drink. Hair will pass out with the liver. Note: Ingesting hair causes "Hair Syndrome" which is incurable. Mixing hair and earth seems illogical. Verify carefully. Other methods exist.
Another formula:
Take one qianbi of head scurf. Cured immediately. (Same as Zhang Zhongjing/Qianjin).
Another formula:
Throw clear water into Douchi (Fermented Soybeans), squeeze juice, drink several sheng. Cured.
Generally, animal livers should not be eaten lightly. Self-dead animals must not be eaten. Hearts should not be eaten as they house consciousness/karma.
Formula for Raw Liver Poisoning:
Take Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root) powder, one fangcun bi, three times daily. Must take with Fresh Ginger decoction, otherwise toxicity arises.
Poisoned arrows kill birds/beasts; meat is toxic. Indigo juice and Soybeans can counter She Wang (poison).
Formula for Yu Rou (Stewed/Closed Meat) and Lou Pu (Rain-Dripped Jerky) Poisoning:
Burn dog feces to ash. Take one fangcun bi with wine.
Another formula:
Crush fresh leeks, squeeze juice. Drink 1-2 sheng. Winter: use roots, wash, squeeze. Scallion bulb is also good. Yu Rou is meat sealed overnight. Lou Pu is jerky dripped on by roof rain. Both highly toxic.
Formula for Millet Internal Organ Jerky Poisoning:
Boil strong Soybean Juice. Drink several sheng. Antidote for all meat/Lou Pu poison.
Formula for Self-Dead Livestock Meat Poisoning:
Grind Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) powder. Mix with water, take one fangcun bi. Repeat if needed.
Self-dead livestock carry plague toxins. Eating plague-dead beef causes diarrhea or accumulation. Purge with laxatives.
Formula for Vegetable/Meat/Jerky Poisoning:
Burn pig bones, grind, sieve. Take one fangcun bi with water, 3-4 times daily. Cured. (Same as Qianjin).
Another formula:
Burn hat brims to ash. Take one fangcun bi, three times daily.
Formula for Severe Diarrhea from Horse Meat:
Douchi (200 grains), Xingren (20 kernels). Steam with rice, grind into pills. Take until cured. (Same as Zhang Zhongjing).
Sweet Bean Soup, chilled, resolves all poisons.
Taboos on Fish, Turtle, Crab:
Fish with white beads on head/spine: Forbidden.
Fish without intestines/gallbladder: Forbidden.
Fish with black spots on head: Forbidden.
Fish with horn-like head: Forbidden.
Fish without gills: Forbidden.
Fish with red eyes/whiskers: Forbidden.
Fish with Black Chicken: Forbidden.
Raw fish with red eyes: Forbidden for sashimi.
Fish with Cormorant meat: Forbidden.
Fish with Deer meat: Forbidden.
Crucian carp with Pig liver/Monkey meat: Forbidden.
Black carp with Adzuki beans/Bean leaves: Forbidden.
Fish juice with Self-dead meat: Forbidden.
Black carp with Coriander/Raw Malva/Wheat sauce: Forbidden.
Carp with Adzuki beans/Chicken: Forbidden.
Carp without whiskers, black belly, or turning white when boiled: Forbidden.
Carp with White Dog meat: Forbidden.
Carp with Fanlou vegetable steamed: Forbidden.
Turtle with sunken eyes: Forbidden.
Turtle with "King" character pattern under pressure: Forbidden.
Turtle with Chicken/Duck: Forbidden.
Turtle meat with Amaranth/Turtle soup: Forbidden.
Turtle meat with Melons/Alcohol: Forbidden.
Crabs facing each other, spotted legs, red eyes: Forbidden.
Patients with Tunny/Tuna: Forbidden.
Pregnant women with Turtle/Fish: Forbidden.
Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) and Tianmendong (Asparagus Root) taboo Carp.
Formula for Crab/Food Poisoning:
Boil strong Xiangsu (Perilla Leaf). Drink 1 sheng juice. (From Zhang Zhongjing).
For crab poisoning causing distress/death: Take Wu Gu Huang Wan. Vomiting/purging cures it. Crabs are toxic before frost; cook thoroughly. Water Lettuce and Peng Pi (small crab) are also toxic. Cai Mo nearly died eating Peng Pi.
Formula for General Food Poisoning:
Hold one shell tooth in mouth. Spit out food. Cured. (Same as Qianjin).
Another formula:
Drink 1 sheng crushed Leek juice. Winter: boil root. (Qianjin says several sheng).
Another formula:
Dig pit near toilet, 1 chi deep. Fill with water. Burn 14 old toilet sticks. Throw into pit. Drink 4-5 sheng of liquid. Cured. (Same as Qianjin).
Food itself isn't poisonous; poison is added. If source unknown, boil Gancao (Licorice) and Ji Nei Jin (Chicken Gizzard Lining) soup. Emperor Zhi of Han died from eating Huo Wei (toxic cake). Prince of Rencheng of Wei died from dates. These are cases.