病源饮癖者，由饮水过多，在于胁下不散，又遇冷气相触而痛，呼为饮癖也。其状胁下
弦急，时有水声。（出第二十卷中）
深师附子汤，疗气分心下坚，如盘边如旋杯，水饮所作，此汤主之方。
桂心（三两） 生姜（三两） 麻黄（去节三两） 甘草（炙二两） 细辛（三两） 大
附子（一
枚炮） 大枣（十二枚）
上七味切，以水七升，先煮麻黄再沸，掠去沫，乃下诸药，煮取二升，去滓，分服七合
，当汁出如虫行皮中，即愈，神验。忌海藻菘菜生葱猪肉冷水生菜等。（仲景伤寒论名桂枝
去芍药加麻黄细辛附子汤并出第二十二卷中）
备急疗心下坚，大如盘边如旋盘，水饮所作，枳实白术汤方。
枳实（七枚炙） 白术（三两）
上二味切，以水一斗，煮取三升，分三服，腹中软即散，此出姚大夫方。忌桃李雀肉等
物。（此本仲景伤寒论方出第三卷中）
病源此由饮水多，水气停聚两胁之间，遇寒气相搏，则结聚而成块，谓之癖饮，在于两
胁下弦旦起，按之作水声也。（出第二十卷中）
深师朱雀汤，疗久病癖饮，停痰不消，在胸膈上，液液时头眩痛，苦挛，眼睛身体手足
十指甲尽黄，亦疗胁下支满饮，辄引胁下痛方。
甘遂 芫花（各一分） 大戟（三分）
上三味为散，以大枣十二枚擘破，以水六升，先煎枣，取二升，纳药三方寸匕，更煎取
一升一合，分再服，以吐下为知，未知重服，其良无比。（出第二十三卷中通按此即前十枣
汤）
千金中候黑丸，疗癖饮停结，闷满目暗方。
巴豆（八分去皮心熬） 芫花（三两熬） 桂心（四分） 桔梗（四分） 杏仁（五分
去皮尖）
上五味捣筛，蜜和丸，饮服如胡豆三丸，日一稍增，得快下为度。忌猪肉芦笋生葱等。
（肘后同）
千金半夏汤，疗痰冷癖饮胸膈中不理方。
白术（三两） 半夏（一升洗） 生姜（八两） 茯苓（二两） 人参 桂心 甘草 附
子（炮
各二两）
上八味切，以水八升，煮取三升，绞去滓，分温三服。忌羊肉饧桃李雀肉大酢生葱海藻
菘菜猪肉冷水。
又旋复花丸，疗停痰癖饮，结在两胁，腹胀满，羸瘦不能食，食不消化，喜唾干呕，大
小便或涩或痢，水在肠胃动摇作水声方。
旋复花 桂心 枳实（炙） 人参（各五分） 干姜 芍药 白术（各六分） 茯苓 野狼
毒（
炙） 乌头炮 石（烧各八分） 细辛 大黄 黄芩 葶苈子（熬） 浓朴（炙） 芫花
（熬）
吴茱萸 橘皮
上二十味捣筛，蜜和丸，酒服，如梧子五丸。日再服，加之，以知为度。忌桃李雀肉大
酢猪肉生菜生姜等，大验。（并出第十八卷中）
千金翼前胡汤，主胸中久寒，癖实宿痰，膈塞胸痛，不通利二焦，冷热不调，饮食损少
无味，或寒热体重，卧不欲起方。
前胡（三两） 生姜（四两） 黄芩（一两） 人参（二两） 吴茱萸（一两） 大黄
（二两） 防
风（一两） 杏仁（三十枚去皮尖） 当归 甘草（各二两炙） 半夏（三两洗） 麦门冬
（一两去
心）
上十二味切，以水一斗，煮取三升，去滓，分温三服，日三服，三剂良，深师云，若胁
下满，加大枣二枚，利水亦佳。忌海藻菘菜羊肉饧等。
又半夏汤，主痰饮癖气吞酸方。
半夏（三两洗） 生姜（六两切） 附子（一枚烧） 吴茱萸（三百粒炒）
上四味切，以水五升，煮取二升半，去滓，分温三服，老小服半合，日三。忌猪肉羊肉
饧。
又姜附汤主痰癖气方。
生姜（八两切） 附子（四枚）
上二味，水五升，煮取二升，分再服，亦主卒风大良。忌猪肉冷水。（深师同出第十九
卷中）
【病因】所谓饮癖，是因为饮水过多，水液停滞在胁下无法消散，又受到冷气侵袭而引发疼痛，这种病症被称为饮癖。其症状表现为胁下部位紧绷急迫，偶尔能听到水流动的声音。（出自第二十卷）
深师附子汤，用于治疗气分病导致的心下部坚硬，感觉像盘子的边缘或倒扣的杯子一样，这是由水饮引起的，此方主治。（出自第二十二卷，即张仲景《伤寒论》中的桂枝去芍药加麻黄细辛附子汤）
药材：桂心（三两）、生姜（三两）、麻黄（去节，三两）、甘草（炙，二两）、细辛（三两）、大附子（一枚，炮制）、大枣（十二枚）。
制作与服用方法：将上述七味药切碎，用水七升，先煮麻黄至再次沸腾，撇去浮沫，然后放入其他药物，煮取药液二升，滤去药渣，每次分服七合。服药后若感觉身体出汗，如同虫子在皮肤中爬行，即可痊愈，疗效神奇。忌食海藻、菘菜（白菜类）、生葱、猪肉、冷水、生菜等。（出自第二十二卷）
备急枳实白术汤，用于治疗心下部坚硬，大如盘子，边缘如旋转的圆盘，由水饮引起。（出自第三卷，本为张仲景《伤寒论》方，引自姚大夫方）
药材：枳实（七枚，炙）、白术（三两）。
制作与服用方法：将上述两味药切碎，用水一斗，煮取三升，分三次服用。腹部变软则病散。忌食桃李、雀肉等物。
【病因】这是因为饮水过多，水气停聚在两胁之间，遇到寒气相互搏结，从而结成块状，称为癖饮，位于两胁下，触之弦硬且隆起，按压时有水声。（出自第二十卷）
深师朱雀汤，用于治疗久病的癖饮，痰饮停滞不消，位于胸膈之上，伴有液体晃动时头晕头痛，痛苦痉挛，眼睛及身体、手足、十指甲全部发黄，也用于治疗胁下支撑胀满的饮证，牵引胁下疼痛。（出自第二十三卷，按语指出此即前十枣汤）
药材：甘遂、芫花（各一分）、大戟（三分）。
制作与服用方法：将上述三味药研成散剂，用大枣十二枚掰破，加水六升，先煎大枣，取药液二升，加入药散三方寸匕，再煎取一升一合，分两次服用。以出现呕吐或腹泻为见效标志，若未见效可加重剂量再服，疗效无与伦比。
千金中候黑丸，用于治疗癖饮停聚凝结，胸闷目暗。（引自《肘后备急方》）
药材：巴豆（八分，去皮心，熬制）、芫花（三两，熬制）、桂心（四分）、桔梗（四分）、杏仁（五分，去皮尖）。
制作与服用方法：将上述五味药捣碎过筛，用蜂蜜和丸，每次用温水送服三粒胡豆大小的药丸，每日一次，逐渐增加剂量，以大便通畅为度。忌食猪肉、芦笋、生葱等。
千金半夏汤，用于治疗痰冷癖饮导致的胸膈不适。（无具体出处标注，属千金方体系）
药材：白术（三两）、半夏（一升，洗）、生姜（八两）、茯苓（二两）、人参、桂心、甘草、附子（炮制，各二两）。
制作与服用方法：将上述八味药切碎，用水八升，煮取三升，绞去药渣，分三次温服。忌食羊肉、饴糖、桃李、雀肉、大酢（醋）、生葱、海藻、菘菜、猪肉、冷水。
又旋复花丸，用于治疗停痰癖饮，结聚在两胁，腹胀满，消瘦不能进食，食物不消化，喜欢吐唾沫或干呕，大小便或涩滞或痢疾，水在肠胃中动摇发出水声。（出自第十八卷）
药材：旋复花、桂心、枳实（炙）、人参（各五分）、干姜、芍药、白术（各六分）、茯苓、野狼毒（炙）、乌头（炮制）、石钟乳（烧制，各八分）、细辛、大黄、黄芩、葶苈子（熬制）、浓朴（炙）、芫花（熬制）、吴茱萸、橘皮。
制作与服用方法：将上述二十味药捣碎过筛，用蜂蜜和丸，酒送服，如梧桐子大小五丸。每日两次，酌情增加，以见效为度。忌食桃李、雀肉、大酢、猪肉、生菜、生姜等，疗效显著。
千金翼前胡汤，主治胸中久寒，癖实宿痰，胸膈堵塞胸痛，三焦不通利，冷热不调，饮食减少无味，或有寒热、身体沉重，卧床不想起身。（无具体出处标注，属千金翼方体系）
药材：前胡（三两）、生姜（四两）、黄芩（一两）、人参（二两）、吴茱萸（一两）、大黄（二两）、防风（一两）、杏仁（三十枚，去皮尖）、当归、甘草（各二两，炙）、半夏（三两，洗）、麦门冬（一两，去心）。
制作与服用方法：将上述十二味药切碎，用水一斗，煮取三升，滤去药渣，分三次温服，每日三次，服用三剂后病情好转。深师云：若胁下胀满，加大枣二枚，利水效果也很好。忌食海藻、菘菜、羊肉、饴糖等。
又半夏汤，主治痰饮癖气导致的吞酸。（无具体出处标注）
药材：半夏（三两，洗）、生姜（六两，切）、附子（一枚，烧制）、吴茱萸（三百粒，炒制）。
制作与服用方法：将上述四味药切碎，用水五升，煮取二升半，滤去药渣，分三次温服，老人小孩每次服半合，每日三次。忌食猪肉、羊肉、饴糖。
又姜附汤，主治痰癖气。（出自第十九卷，同深师方）
药材：生姜（八两，切）、附子（四枚）。
制作与服用方法：将上述两味药，用水五升，煮取二升，分两次服用。也主治突发风邪，疗效极佳。忌食猪肉、冷水。
[Pathogenesis] The condition known as Yin Pi (Drinking Heterogeneity) arises from excessive water intake, where fluids stagnate in the hypochondriac region and fail to dissipate. When exposed to cold qi, pain ensues, hence the name. The presentation involves tension and urgency in the hypochondriac area, with occasional audible fluid sounds. (From Volume 20)
Shenshi Fuzi Decoction treats Qi Fen (Qi Division) pathology characterized by hardness below the heart, resembling the rim of a plate or an inverted cup, caused by water retention. This decoction is indicated. (From Volume 22; corresponds to Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Jia Mahuang Xixin Fuzi Tang [Cinnamon Twig Decoction minus Peony plus Ephedra, Asarum, and Aconite] from Zhang Zhongjing's Shanghan Lun).
Ingredients: Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi, 3 liang), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome, 3 liang), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, de-segmented, 3 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, 2 liang), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 3 liang), Dafuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, 1 piece, processed), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus, 12 pieces).
Preparation and Administration: Cut the seven ingredients. Boil in 7 sheng of water. First boil Mahuang until it boils again, skim off the foam, then add the remaining herbs. Simmer to obtain 2 sheng of liquid. Strain and divide into doses of 7 ge. Upon administration, if sweating occurs resembling insects crawling on the skin, the patient will be cured. It is highly effective. Avoid consuming Haizao (Sargassum), Songcai (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis), raw Cong (Allium fistulosum), pork, cold water, and raw vegetables. (From Volume 22)
Beiji Zhishi Baizhu Tang treats hardness below the heart, large as a plate with edges like a rotating disk, caused by water retention. (From Volume 3; originally from Zhang Zhongjing's Shanghan Lun, cited from Dr. Yao's formula).
Ingredients: Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange Fruit, fried, 7 pieces), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 3 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Cut the two ingredients. Boil in 1 dou of water to obtain 3 sheng. Divide into three doses. If the abdomen becomes soft, the accumulation disperses. Avoid Taoli (Peaches and Plums) and Que Rou (Sparrow Meat).
[Pathogenesis] This results from excessive water intake causing water qi to stagnate between the two hypochondria. When encountering cold qi, they bind together to form masses, termed Pi Yin (Heterogeneous Drinking Fluids). Located in the lower hypochondria, it feels tense and raised upon touch, producing fluid sounds when pressed. (From Volume 20)
Shenshi Zhuque Tang treats chronic Pi Yin, where phlegm-fluids stagnate and do not resolve, located above the chest and diaphragm. Symptoms include dizziness and headache when fluid moves, painful spasms, yellowing of eyes, body, hands, feet, and fingernails. It also treats fullness and distension in the hypochondria due to drinking fluids, with pain radiating from the hypochondria. (From Volume 23; note indicates this is equivalent to Qian Zao Tang [Ten Jujube Decoction]).
Ingredients: Gansui (Kansui Radix), Yuanhua (Genkwa Flos), Daji (Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix) — each 1 fen for Gansui and Yuanhua, 3 fen for Daji.
Preparation and Administration: Powder the three ingredients. Break open 12 Dazao (Jujubae Fructus). Boil dates in 6 sheng of water to obtain 2 sheng. Add 3 fangcunbi (square-inch spoonfuls) of the powder. Simmer to obtain 1 sheng 1 he. Divide into two doses. Efficacy is indicated by vomiting or purging. If ineffective, increase the dose. The efficacy is unparalleled.
Qianjin Zhonghou Hei Wan treats Pi Yin stagnation and consolidation, accompanied by chest oppression and dim vision. (Cited from Zhouhou Fang).
Ingredients: Badou (Crotonis Fructus, peeled and cored, roasted, 8 fen), Yuanhua (Genkwa Flos, roasted, 3 liang), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi, 4 fen), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, 4 fen), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, peeled and tip removed, 5 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Pound and sieve the five ingredients. Mix with honey to form pills. Take 3 pills the size of a vetch seed with warm water once daily. Gradually increase the dose until loose stools are achieved. Avoid pork, Lusun (Asparagus), and raw Cong (Allium fistulosum).
Qianjin Banxia Tang treats discomfort in the chest and diaphragm due to cold-phlegm Pi Yin.
Ingredients: Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 3 liang), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum, washed, 1 sheng), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome, 8 liang), Fuling (Poria, 2 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi), Gancao (Licorice Root), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, processed) — each 2 liang for Renshen, Guixin, Gancao, and Fuzi.
Preparation and Administration: Cut the eight ingredients. Boil in 8 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng. Strain and divide into three warm doses. Avoid lamb, Yitang (Malt Sugar), Taoli (Peaches and Plums), Que Rou (Sparrow Meat), Da Cu (Strong Vinegar), raw Cong (Allium fistulosum), Haizao (Sargassum), Songcai (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis), pork, and cold water.
Also, Xuanfuhua Wan treats stagnant phlegm and Pi Yin consolidating in the hypochondria, abdominal distension, emaciation, inability to eat, indigestion, frequent spitting or dry retching, constipation or dysentery, and water moving in the intestines and stomach producing fluid sounds. (From Volume 18).
Ingredients: Xuanfuhua (Inulae Flos), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange Fruit, fried), Renshen (Ginseng Radix) — each 5 fen; Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) — each 6 fen; Fuling (Poria), Yelangdu (Daphne Genkwa Stem), Wutou (Aconiti Radix, processed), Shizhongru (Lapis Cumuli, calcined) — each 8 fen; Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Tinglizi (Descurainiae Semen seu Lepidii Semen, roasted), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, fried), Yuanhua (Genkwa Flos, roasted), Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus), Juapi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium).
Preparation and Administration: Pound and sieve the twenty ingredients. Mix with honey to form pills. Take 5 pills the size of a wutong seed with wine. Take twice daily, increasing as necessary until efficacy is observed. Avoid Taoli (Peaches and Plums), Que Rou (Sparrow Meat), Da Cu (Strong Vinegar), pork, raw vegetables, and Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome). Highly effective. (All from Volume 18)
Qianjin Yi Qianhu Tang treats chronic cold in the chest, solidified Pi and old phlegm, chest diaphragm obstruction with pain, dysfunction of the Sanjiao (Triple Burner), imbalance of cold and heat, reduced appetite with lack of taste, chills and fever, heavy body, and reluctance to rise from bed.
Ingredients: Qianhu (Peucedani Radix, 3 liang), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome, 4 liang), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 1 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, 2 liang), Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus, 1 liang), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, 1 liang), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, peeled and tip removed, 30 pieces), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried) — each 2 liang; Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum, washed, 3 liang), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, peeled, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Cut the twelve ingredients. Boil in 1 dou of water to obtain 3 sheng. Strain and divide into three warm doses. Take three times daily. Three courses of treatment yield improvement. Shenshi notes: If there is fullness in the hypochondria, add 2 Dazao (Jujubae Fructus); it is also good for promoting urination. Avoid Haizao (Sargassum), Songcai (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis), lamb, and Yitang (Malt Sugar).
Also, Banxia Tang treats acid regurgitation due to phlegm-fluid Pi Qi.
Ingredients: Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum, washed, 3 liang), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome, sliced, 6 liang), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, burnt, 1 piece), Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus, stir-fried, 300 grains).
Preparation and Administration: Cut the four ingredients. Boil in 5 sheng of water to obtain 2.5 sheng. Strain and divide into three warm doses. Elderly and children take half he per dose, three times daily. Avoid pork, lamb, and Yitang (Malt Sugar).
Also, Jiangfu Tang treats Phlegm-Pi Qi. (From Volume 19; same as Shenshi formula).
Ingredients: Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome, sliced, 8 liang), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, 4 pieces).
Preparation and Administration: Boil the two ingredients in 5 sheng of water to obtain 2 sheng. Divide into two doses. Also effective for sudden wind stroke. Avoid pork and cold water.