妇人崩中。由脏腑伤损冲任二脉。血气俱虚故也。二脉为经脉之海。血气之行。外循经
内营脏腑。若气血调适。经下根据时。若劳动过极。脏腑俱伤。冲任之气虚。不能约制其经血
。故忽然而下。谓之崩中。治宜大补气血之药。以养脾胃。微加镇坠心火之药治其心。补阴
泻阳。经自止矣。
凡治病。若患者责效太速。及不戒七情。或药不分经络虚实。俱难治。
寡妇之病。自古未有言者。惟仓公与褚澄略而论及。寡者言师尼丧夫之妇。独居无阳。
子而不可得。是以郁悒而成病也。夫处闺门。欲心萌而未遂。致阴阳交争。乍寒乍热。有类
疟疾。久则为劳。又有经闭。白淫。痰逆。头风。膈气。痞闷。面 。瘦瘠等症。皆寡之
。诊其脉。独肝脉弦出寸口而上鱼际。皆血盛而得。经云。男子精盛则思室。女人血盛则怀
胎是也。
人身有皮毛、血脉、筋膜、肌肉、骨髓以成其形。内则有心、肝、脾、肺、肾以主之。
情妄用喜、怒、劳、佚。致五内精血虚耗。使皮血筋骨肉痿弱。无力以运动。故致痿 。状
与柔风、香港脚相类。柔风香港脚皆外所因。痿则五内不足之所致也。
饮食不为肌肤。水谷不能运化。精微灌溉脏腑。周身百脉。神将何根据。故气短而促。真
也。怠惰嗜卧。脾气衰也。小便不禁。膀胱不藏也。时有燥热。心下虚痞。胃气不能上荣也
。恍惚健忘神明乱也。犯此数者。病皆不治。
妇女血崩,是由于脏腑受损,冲任二脉虚弱,气血两虚所致。冲任二脉是十二经脉之海,气血的运行,外沿经络循行,内滋养脏腑。如果气血调和适宜,月经就能按时来潮。若过度劳累,导致脏腑俱伤,冲任之气虚弱,不能约束经血,所以经血突然大量下泄,称为“崩中”。治疗应当使用大补气血的药物,以滋养脾胃,并稍加镇降心火的药物来调理心脏,通过补阴泻阳的方法,月经自然就会停止。
凡是治病,如果患者急于求成,或者不能节制七情(喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊),或者用药不区分经络的虚实,都难以治愈。
寡妇的疾病,自古以来很少有人提及,只有仓公(淳于意)和褚澄略微论及。寡妇指尼姑或丧夫的女子,独自生活而没有男性伴侣,有生育欲望却无法实现,因此因抑郁而生病。她们身处闺门之内,性欲萌动却未能满足,导致阴阳交争,出现忽冷忽热的症状,类似疟疾,日久则形成劳损。又有月经闭止、白淫(阴道流出白色浊液)、痰气上逆、头风、膈气、痞闷、面色晦暗、消瘦等症,这些都是寡妇常见的病症。诊察其脉象,唯独肝脉弦硬,超出寸口部位而上达鱼际,这都是血盛的表现。医经说:“男子精气盛则思念房事,女子血气盛则容易受孕”,说的就是这个道理。
人的身体依靠皮毛、血脉、筋膜、肌肉、骨髓来构成形体。内部则由心、肝、脾、肺、肾五脏来主宰。如果情志妄用,如过喜、过怒、过劳、过逸,导致五脏内的精血虚耗,使得皮、肉、筋、骨、血痿弱无力,无法运动,从而导致痿证。其症状与柔风、香港脚(脚气病)相似。柔风和香港脚都是外感病因所致,而痿证则是由于五脏内部不足所导致的。
饮食不能转化为肌肤的营养,水谷不能被运化,精微物质不能灌溉脏腑和周身百脉,神气将依附什么?所以会出现气短急促,这是真气虚弱的表现。倦怠嗜卧,是脾气衰弱的表现。小便失禁,是膀胱固摄功能失职的表现。时常感到燥热,心下部虚痞,是胃气不能上行荣养的表现。恍惚健忘,是神明混乱的表现。犯了上述几种情况,疾病都难以治愈。
In women, metrorrhagia (sudden and severe uterine bleeding) is caused by damage to the Zang-Fu organs and deficiency of the Chong and Ren meridians, resulting in both Qi and Blood deficiency. The Chong and Ren meridians are the sea of the twelve meridians; the movement of Qi and Blood circulates externally along the meridians and internally nourishes the Zang-Fu organs. If Qi and Blood are harmonious and balanced, menstruation occurs on time. However, if overexertion causes damage to all Zang-Fu organs, the Qi of the Chong and Ren becomes deficient and fails to constrain the menstrual blood, causing it to suddenly flow down in large amounts. This is called "Beng Zhong" (Metrorrhagia). Treatment should employ herbs that greatly tonify Qi and Blood to nourish the Spleen and Stomach, with a slight addition of herbs that settle and subdue Heart Fire to regulate the Heart. By tonifying Yin and draining Yang, menstruation will naturally cease.
In treating any disease, if the patient demands too rapid an effect, or fails to regulate the Seven Emotions (Joy, Anger, Worry, Pensiveness, Sadness, Fear, Fright), or if the prescription does not distinguish between the excess and deficiency of the meridians, the disease will be difficult to cure.
The diseases of widows have rarely been discussed since ancient times, except for brief mentions by Cang Gong (Chunyu Yi) and Chu Cheng. A widow refers to nuns or women who have lost their husbands, living alone without male companionship. Having reproductive desires but unable to satisfy them, they develop illness due to depression. Living within the inner quarters, sexual desire arises but remains unfulfilled, leading to a struggle between Yin and Yang, manifesting as alternating chills and fever, resembling Malaria (Nue Ji). Prolonged, this leads to Consumption (Lao). Other symptoms include Amenorrhea (Jing Bi), Bai Yin (leukorrhea), Phlegm counterflow, Head Wind (Tou Feng), Diaphragmatic Qi stagnation, Epigastric fullness, dull complexion, and emaciation. These are common conditions among widows. Upon pulse diagnosis, the Liver pulse alone is wiry and extends beyond the Cun position up to the Yuji area, indicating abundant Blood. The Classic states: "When a man's Essence is abundant, he desires intercourse; when a woman's Blood is abundant, she conceives." This explains the phenomenon.
The human body forms its structure through skin, hair, blood vessels, sinews, muscles, and bone marrow. Internally, the Heart, Liver, Spleen, Lung, and Kidney govern these structures. Misuse of emotions, such as excessive joy, anger, labor, or rest, depletes the Essence and Blood within the Five Viscera. This causes the skin, blood, sinews, bones, and flesh to become flaccid and weak, lacking the strength to move, thereby resulting in Wei Syndrome (Flaccidity Syndrome). Its presentation resembles Rou Feng (Soft Wind) and Hong Kong Jiao (Foot Qi/Jamaica Foot). Rou Feng and Hong Kong Jiao are caused by external factors, whereas Wei Syndrome is caused by internal insufficiency of the Five Viscera.
Dietary intake fails to transform into muscle and flesh nutrients because water and grain cannot be transported and transformed, and their refined essences fail to irrigate the Zang-Fu organs and the hundred vessels throughout the body. Consequently, the Spirit has no foundation. Thus, shortness of breath and rapid respiration occur, indicating deficiency of True Qi. Lethargy and a desire to lie down indicate Spleen Qi decline. Incontinence of urine indicates the Bladder's failure to store. Occasional dry heat and epigastric empty discomfort indicate the Stomach Qi's inability to ascend and nourish. Trance-like states and forgetfulness indicate chaos of the Shen (Spirit). If any of these conditions are present, the disease is considered incurable.