古人朴实,七情干涉者少,而从风寒暑湿,外感凝滞者多,故设仙方活命饮,攻散
所滞之肿。服此得效者,十常八九,乃患者五脏不虚耳。今人穿凿太过,七情烦搅之甚。
而五内无有不伤,每见此症,曾服过此药,其疮必不起发,脾胃再无不损。若疮不起,脾
胃伤败,患者岂有得生,至此自于天命。今之治法,不论首尾标本,必先固脾,次行托
药,谓本立而道生,病无不活。予见如此,幸同道者察焉。
一戒∶凡病家大小贫富人等请视者,便可往之。勿得迟延厌弃,欲往而不往,不为
平易。药金毋论轻重有无,当尽力一例施治,自然生意日增,毋伤方寸。
二戒∶凡视妇女,及孀妇尼僧人等,必候侍者在旁,然后入房诊视。倘旁无伴,不
可自看,设有不便之患。更宜真诚窥视,虽对内人,亦不可谈,此因闺阃故也。
三戒∶不得出脱病家珠珀珍贵等物,送家合药,以虚存假换。如果该用,令彼自制
入之,倘服不效,自无疑谤。亦不得称扬彼家物色之好,凡此等非君子也。
四戒∶凡为医者,不可行药登山,携酒游玩,又不可片时离去。凡有抱病至者,必
当亲视,用意发药,又要根据经写出药帖,不可杜撰药方,受人驳问。
五戒∶凡娼妓及私伙家请看,亦当正己,视如良家子女,不可任意儿戏,以取不正。视
毕便回,贫家者药金可璧,看病回,只可与药,不可再去,以图邪淫之报。
古人质朴,受七情(喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊等情绪因素)干扰较少,而因风寒暑湿(外感六淫邪气中的四种)导致的气血凝滞病症较多,因此设立了仙方活命饮(一种清热解毒、消肿溃坚的方剂),以攻散停滞的肿毒。服用此药见效的,十有八九,这是因为患者五脏不虚损的缘故。如今的人生活过于奢靡放纵,七情烦扰极为严重,五脏没有不受伤的。每当见到这类疮疡病症,如果曾服用过此药,疮疡必定无法起发(指脓毒不能排出或疮口不能愈合),脾胃也必然再次受损。如果疮疡不起发,脾胃损伤败坏,患者岂能存活?到了这种地步只能听天由命。现在的治法,不论病程的首尾和标本缓急,必须先固护脾胃,其次使用托毒透脓的药物,认为根本确立了则治疗之道自然产生,疾病没有不能治愈的。我见到这种情况,希望同行者明察。
第一戒:凡是病家大小贫富之人前来请诊,医生便应前往诊治。不得拖延嫌弃,想去却不去,这样是不平易近人的表现。药费不论轻重有无,都应当尽力一视同仁地施治,这样自然生机日益增加,不要伤害自己的良心。
第二戒:凡是诊治妇女及寡妇、尼姑等人,必须等候侍者在旁,然后进入房间诊视。如果旁边没有陪伴,不可独自查看,以防发生不便之患。更应真诚地观察,即使是对自己的妻子,也不可谈论病情,这是为了避嫌闺阁之事。
第三戒:不得骗取病家的珍珠、琥珀等珍贵物品,借口送回家配药,以此进行虚假替换。如果确实需要使用,让病人自己制作放入,倘若服药无效,自己也不会被怀疑诽谤。也不得称赞对方家中物品的优良,凡此种种都不是君子所为。
第四戒:凡是行医之人,不可拿着药物登山,携带酒水游玩,也不可片刻离开岗位。凡是有抱病前来求诊的,必须亲自诊视,用心开具药方,又要根据经典写出药帖,不可杜撰药方,以免受人质问驳难。
第五戒:凡是娼妓及私通之家前来请诊,也应当端正自己的行为,视同良家子女一样对待,不可任意儿戏,以获取不正当的利益。诊视完毕后立即返回,对于贫苦人家,药费可以退还,看完病回去后,只可给药,不可再去,以避免招致邪淫的报应。
Ancient people were simple and honest, with fewer disturbances from the Seven Emotions (joy, anger, worry, thought, sadness, fear, and fright), but more cases of stagnation caused by external contraction of Wind, Cold, Summer-heat, and Dampness. Therefore, Xianfang Huoming Yin (Immortal Recipe for Activating Life Decoction) was established to attack and disperse stagnant swellings. Those who took this medicine and saw effects accounted for eight or nine out of ten, because their Five Viscera were not deficient. Today's people indulge excessively in sensory pleasures, suffering greatly from emotional turmoil. Their internal organs are invariably injured. Whenever encountering such sores, if they have taken this medicine, the sore will certainly fail to rise (i.e., pus cannot be discharged or the wound fails to heal), and the Spleen and Stomach will inevitably be damaged again. If the sore fails to rise and the Spleen and Stomach are ruined, how can the patient survive? At this point, one must leave it to destiny. Current treatment methods, regardless of the beginning or end, root or branch, first solidify the Spleen, then administer drugs that promote expulsion of toxins. They believe that once the root is established, the way arises, and no disease is incurable. I observe this situation and hope my colleagues will examine it carefully.
First Precept: When patients of all ages and from both rich and poor families invite a doctor for consultation, the doctor should go without hesitation. One must not delay or show disdain; going when intended but failing to do so is not approachable. Regardless of whether the medical fee is heavy, light, present, or absent, one should strive to treat everyone equally. Naturally, the vitality of life will increase daily, and one must not harm one's conscience.
Second Precept: When examining women, widows, nuns, and monks, one must wait for an attendant to be present before entering the room for diagnosis. If there is no companion nearby, one must not examine alone to avoid any impropriety. One should also inspect sincerely; even regarding one's own wife, one must not discuss the condition, due to the privacy of the inner chambers.
Third Precept: One must not deceive the patient's family by taking precious items such as pearls and amber under the pretext of sending them home for herbal preparation, thereby substituting fake for real. If such materials are truly needed, instruct the patient to prepare them themselves. If the medication proves ineffective, one will not face suspicion or slander. Nor should one praise the quality of the family's goods. All such actions are unworthy of a gentleman.
Fourth Precept: A physician must not carry medicines while climbing mountains, nor carry wine for leisurely outings, nor leave the post for even a moment. For anyone arriving with illness, one must personally examine them, carefully prescribe medications, and write out prescriptions based on classical texts. One must not fabricate prescriptions to avoid being questioned or refuted by others.
Fifth Precept: When prostitutes or those involved in illicit relationships seek medical attention, one must maintain personal integrity and treat them as one would daughters of respectable families. One must not act frivolously to gain improper benefits. After the examination, return immediately. For poor families, the medical fee may be returned. After seeing the patient and returning, provide only the medication; do not visit again to avoid retribution for lewd conduct.