凡病虽在于用药调理,而又要关于杂禁之法。先要洒扫房屋洁净,冬必温帏,夏宜
凉帐,庶防苍蝇蜈蚣之属侵之。一切尼僧孝服,经行妇女,及远客生人,开疮时俱当忌
见。牛犬腥膻腌腊熏藏之物,俱能作渴生干。瓜果梨柿菱枣生冷等类,又能损胃伤胃。鸡
鹅羊肉鸽子蚌蛤河豚虾蟹海腥之属,并能动风发痒。油腻煎炒烹炙咸酸浓味等件,最能
助火生痰,赤豆荞面,动气发病。恼怒急暴,多生痞满。饮食太过,必致脾殃。疮愈之后,
劳役太早,乃为羸(音雷)症。入房太早,后必损寿。不避风寒,复生流毒。不减口味,后必
疮痒无度。大疮须忌半年,小疮当禁百日,诚为知命君子也。
初起顶高,根活色赤,发热 肿疼痛,日
渐高肿者顺。已成 痛,皮薄光亮,饮食如常,二便调和,身温者顺。已溃脓稠,色鲜
不臭,腐肉自脱, 肿易消,身轻者顺。溃后脓浓稠黄,新肉易生,疮口易敛,饮食渐
进者顺。初起顶平根散,色暗微肿,不热不疼,身体倦怠者逆。已成肿坚,色紫,不作
脓,不腐溃,惟口干多烦躁者逆。已溃皮烂,内坚不腐,肿仍不消,痛仍不减,心烦者逆。
溃后脓水清稀,腐肉虽脱,新肉不生,色败臭秽者死。
起初知痛或不痛,起发或不发,毋论阴阳表里,日数远近,但未见脓者,俱宜灸之。
既灸不知痛痒,明灸之。 肿发热,疼痛有时,脉来浮数,无便秘者,宜药托之。身体
拘急,脉紧恶寒,饮热就暖者,邪在表也,宜汗之。肿硬痛深,口干便秘,身热脉实者,邪
在里也,宜下之。 痛势甚,烦躁饮冷,舌干口燥者,火在上也,宜清之。肿痛坚硬,背
如负石,恶心干呕,邪毒在内,解毒拔之。肿痛日深,内脓不出,瘀肉涂塞疮口者,急宜
开割之。软慢不作脓,及不腐溃者,阳气虚也,壮脾胃,助阳气。身凉自汗,手足并冷,
六脉虚细,便泄阳脱也,急温之。
凡是疾病虽然在于用药调理,但更要关注饮食起居方面的禁忌方法。首先要打扫房屋保持洁净,冬天必须温暖帷帐,夏天适宜凉爽蚊帐,以防苍蝇、蜈蚣等昆虫侵袭。一切尼姑和尚、穿孝服的人、月经期的妇女,以及远道而来的陌生客人,在疮疡初起或切开时都应当忌讳见到。牛狗等动物的腥膻气味,以及腌制、熏制的食物,都能引起口渴和身体干燥。瓜果、梨、柿子、菱角、枣等生冷食物,又能损伤脾胃。鸡、鹅、羊肉、鸽子、蚌蛤、河豚、虾蟹等海味河鲜,以及能引动肝风、诱发瘙痒的食物。油腻、煎炸、烹煮、烧烤、过咸、过酸等浓烈口味的食物,最能助长火热、滋生痰湿;赤豆和荞麦面,容易引发气机紊乱和疾病发作。恼怒急躁暴戾的情绪,多会导致胸腹痞闷胀满。饮食过量,必然导致脾胃受损。疮疡痊愈之后,如果过早从事体力劳动,就会形成虚损羸弱的病症。房事过早,日后必定折损寿命。不躲避风寒邪气,会再次产生流注毒邪。不减少口味嗜好,日后必定疮口瘙痒无度。大的疮疡需要忌口半年,小的疮疡应当禁口百日,这确实是懂得养生保命的君子所为。
疮疡初起时,顶部高突,根基活动,颜色红赤,伴有发热、肿胀、疼痛,且日渐高肿的,为顺证。疮疡已成脓时,疼痛,皮肤薄而光亮,饮食正常,大小便调和,身体温暖的,为顺证。疮疡已溃破,脓液稠厚,颜色鲜艳且不臭,腐肉自然脱落,肿胀容易消退,身体轻快的,为顺证。溃破后脓液浓稠发黄,新肉容易生长,疮口容易愈合,饮食逐渐增加的,为顺证。初起时顶部平坦,根基散漫,颜色暗滞微肿,不热不痛,身体倦怠乏力的,为逆证。疮疡已成,肿胀坚硬,颜色紫暗,不能化脓,不腐烂溃破,只是口干、烦躁不安的,为逆证。已溃破后皮肤烂坏,内部坚硬不腐烂,肿胀仍不消退,疼痛仍不减轻,心烦意乱的,为逆证。溃破后脓水清稀,腐肉虽然脱落,但新肉不生,颜色败坏、气味臭秽的,为死证。
起初知道疼痛或不痛,起发或不发,不论属于阴证还是阳证、表证还是里证,病程日数远近,只要未见脓液的,都适宜用艾灸治疗。既经艾灸后仍不知痛痒,应明确地施灸(重灸)。局部肿胀发热,疼痛有定时,脉象浮数,没有便秘症状的,适宜用药物托毒外出。身体拘急僵硬,脉象紧束、恶寒,喜欢喝热水、靠近暖处的,说明邪气在表,适宜用发汗法治疗。肿胀坚硬疼痛深在,口干便秘,身体发热、脉象实有力的,说明邪气在里,适宜用泻下法治疗。疼痛剧烈,烦躁喜冷饮,舌干口燥的,说明火毒在上焦,适宜用清热法治疗。肿痛坚硬,背部沉重如负巨石,恶心干呕,邪毒在内,适宜用解毒拔毒法治疗。肿痛日益加深,内部脓液不出,瘀肉堵塞疮口的,急需用刀针切开排脓。疮疡软慢不能化脓,且不腐烂溃破的,是阳气虚弱所致,应当壮补脾胃,助益阳气。身体凉冷、自汗出,手足冰冷,六脉虚细,大便泄泻的,是阳气外脱之证,急需温补回阳。
Although disease management relies on medication, it is crucial to observe dietary and lifestyle taboos. First, the living quarters must be kept clean; in winter, warm curtains are necessary, and in summer, cool mosquito nets are appropriate, to prevent invasion by insects such as flies and centipedes. One must avoid contact with nuns, monks, mourners wearing mourning clothes, menstruating women, and strangers from afar when the sore is initially treated or incised. Foods with strong odors from cattle and dogs, as well as pickled and smoked meats, can induce thirst and dryness. Raw fruits, pears, persimmons, water caltrops, and dates can damage the Spleen and Stomach. Poultry (chicken, goose), mutton, pigeon, shellfish, pufferfish, shrimp, crab, and other seafood can stir up wind and trigger itching. Greasy, fried, roasted, salty, and sour foods can generate heat and phlegm. Red beans and buckwheat noodles may disrupt Qi flow and exacerbate the condition. Anger and irritability often lead to chest and abdominal fullness. Overeating inevitably harms the Spleen. Resuming physical labor too soon after recovery leads to emaciation (Lei syndrome). Engaging in sexual activity too early shortens lifespan. Failure to avoid wind and cold can cause the recurrence of toxic pathogens. Indulging in rich flavors will result in severe itching of the sores. Major sores require a half-year taboo period, while minor sores require a hundred days; this is indeed the practice of a wise gentleman who understands how to preserve life.
If at the initial stage the sore has a high apex, an active base, red color, accompanied by fever, swelling, and pain, which gradually increases, it is a favorable prognosis (Shun). If the abscess has formed, with pain, thin and shiny skin, normal appetite, regular urination and defecation, and warm body temperature, it is a favorable prognosis. If the sore has ulcerated, with thick pus, bright color without foul odor, spontaneous shedding of necrotic tissue, easy resolution of swelling, and lightness of the body, it is a favorable prognosis. After ulceration, if the pus is thick and yellow, new flesh grows easily, the wound closes readily, and appetite gradually improves, it is a favorable prognosis. Conversely, if at the initial stage the apex is flat, the base is diffuse, the color is dark and slightly swollen, there is no heat or pain, and the body feels fatigued, it is an unfavorable prognosis (Ni). If the sore is already formed but hard and swollen, purple in color, failing to suppurate or ulcerate, accompanied only by dry mouth and irritability, it is an unfavorable prognosis. If after ulceration the skin is rotten, the interior remains hard without necrosis, swelling persists, pain does not diminish, and there is mental restlessness, it is an unfavorable prognosis. If after ulceration the discharge is clear and thin, although necrotic tissue sheds, new flesh fails to grow, and the color is dull with a foul odor, it indicates a fatal outcome (Si).
Whether the initial sensation is painful or painless, whether it rises or not, regardless of Yin/Yang or Exterior/Interior patterns, and irrespective of the duration, if no pus is visible, moxibustion is indicated. If after moxibustion there is still no sensation of pain or itch, direct moxibustion should be applied. If there is local swelling and heat, periodic pain, a floating and rapid pulse, but no constipation, herbal therapy to support the expulsion of toxins is indicated. If the body is stiff and rigid, the pulse is tight, there is aversion to cold, and the patient desires hot drinks and warmth, the pathogen is in the Exterior, and diaphoresis (sweating method) is indicated. If the swelling is hard and deeply painful, accompanied by dry mouth, constipation, fever, and a forceful pulse, the pathogen is in the Interior, and purgation (draining method) is indicated. If the pain is severe, with irritability, desire for cold drinks, dry tongue, and dry mouth, the fire toxin is in the Upper Jiao, and clearing heat is indicated. If there is severe swelling and hardness, a feeling of heaviness in the back as if carrying a stone, nausea, and dry retching, indicating internal toxic pathogens, detoxification and drawing out toxins is indicated. If the swelling and pain deepen daily, internal pus fails to emerge, and necrotic tissue blocks the wound opening, urgent surgical incision and drainage are required. If the sore is soft and slow to form pus, and fails to ulcerate, it is due to deficiency of Yang Qi; strengthening the Spleen and Stomach and assisting Yang Qi is indicated. If the body is cool with spontaneous sweating, hands and feet are cold, the six pulses are deficient and fine, and there is diarrhea, it indicates collapse of Yang Qi; urgent warming and rescuing of Yang is indicated.