夫小儿水气肿满者。由将养不调。肾脾二脏俱虚故也。肾主水。其气下通于阴。脾主土。
候于肌肉而克水。肾虚不能传其水液。脾虚不能克制于水。故水气流溢于皮肤。故令肿也。
其水肿者。则皮薄如熟李之状也。若皮肤虚受风。风搏于气致肿者。俱虚肿如吹。此风气
肿也
治小儿水气肿满。上气喘促。小便赤涩。大便稍难。桑根白皮散方。
桑根白皮（半两锉） 海蛤（一分） 汉防己（一分） 赤茯苓（一分） 白术（一分）
甜葶苈
（一
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服一钱。以水一小盏。煎至五分。去滓。温服。日三四服。更
量儿
治小儿水气。肿满喘促。坐卧不安。宜服槟榔散方。
槟榔（半两） 川大黄（半两锉碎微炒） 牵牛子（半两微炒） 甜葶苈（半两隔纸炒
令紫色）
上件药。捣细罗为散。每服。以温水调下半钱。日二三服。量稍大增之。以利为效。
治小儿水气肿满。喘嗽不止。赤茯苓散方。
赤茯苓（半两） 桑根白皮（半两锉） 川升麻（一分） 甜葶苈（一分隔纸炒令紫色）
杏仁
（一
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服一钱。以水一小盏。煎至五分。去滓。温服。日三四服。更
量儿
治小儿水气肿满不消。楮皮汤方。
楮树白皮（锉一合） 赤小豆（一合） 赤茯苓（一两锉）
上件药。都和令匀。每取一分。以水一小盏。煎至五分。去滓。分为二服。日三四服。
随儿
治小儿水气肿满。小便涩。狸豆根汤方。
狸豆根（半两） 车前草（半两） 葵子（半两） 桑根白皮〔锉半合（两）〕 赤小
豆（半合）
上件药。细锉和匀。每取一分。以水一小盏。煎至五分。去滓。分为二服。日三四服。
随儿
治小儿水气肿满。小便不利。脐腹妨闷。喘促。猪苓散方。
猪苓（一分去黑皮） 桑根白皮（一分锉） 赤茯苓（一分） 海蛤（一分细研） 甜
葶苈（一
分隔
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服一钱。以水一小盏。煎至五分。去滓。温服。日三四服。更
随儿
治小儿水气。遍身肿满。喘促。小便不利。桑根白皮散方。
桑根白皮（半两锉） 射干（半两） 赤茯苓（半两） 黄芩（半两） 木通（半两锉）
泽漆
（半两）
上件药。捣细罗为散。每服。以煮赤小豆汤。调下半钱。日三四服。看儿大小。增减服
之。
治小儿水气。面目肿。小便涩。心腹胀满方。
赤茯苓（半两） 杏仁（半两汤浸去皮尖双仁麸炒微黄） 陈橘皮（半两汤浸去白瓤焙）
汉
防己
上件药。捣罗为末。炼蜜和丸。如绿豆大。每服。煎桑根白皮汤。下十丸。日三服。五
岁以
治小儿水气。通身肿满。心腹妨闷。坐卧不安。宜服甜葶苈丸方。
甜葶苈（半两隔纸炒令紫色） 牵牛子（半两微炒） 大戟（一分） 腻粉（一钱研入）
雄雀
粪（
上件药。捣罗为末。都研令匀。用枣瓤和丸。如绿豆大。每服。以温茶下一丸。日二服。
五
治小儿水气。遍身肿满。大小便难。喘促不得睡卧。宜服甘遂散方。
甘遂（一分煨令微黄） 槟榔（一分） 川大黄（一分锉碎微炒） 牵牛子（半两微炒）
甜葶
苈（
上件药。捣细罗为散。每服。以温水调下一字。以利为效。随儿大小。以意加减。
治小儿水气。四肢浮肿。腹胁妨闷。宜服木香散方。
木香（一分） 鳖甲（半两涂醋炙令黄去裙 ） 赤茯苓（一分） 牵牛子（二分微炒）
川大
黄（
上件药。捣细罗为散。每服。以温水调下半钱。以利为度。随儿大小。加减服之。
又方。
槟榔〔一两（分）〕 郁李仁（半两汤浸去皮微炒）
上件药。捣罗为末。以大麦面一两。和作饼子。 灰火内煨熟。量儿大小。与吃。即得
通利
又方。
甜葶苈（半两隔纸炒令紫色）
上捣罗为末。以枣瓤和丸。如绿豆大。每服。煎桑白皮汤下五丸。日三四服。看儿大小。
以
小儿水气肿满的病证，是由于喂养调护不当，导致肾、脾两脏俱虚所致。肾主水液代谢，其经气向下通达于阴部；脾属土，主管肌肉，具有克制水湿的功能。若肾虚则不能正常传输水液，脾虚则无力制约水湿，因此水气泛滥溢出于皮肤之间，从而导致身体浮肿。这种水肿的表现是皮肤薄嫩，状如熟透的李子。如果是因为皮肤空虚受风邪侵袭，风邪与正气相搏结而导致肿胀的，全身浮肿松软，如同被吹胀一般，这属于风气引起的肿胀。
治疗小儿水气肿满，伴有上气喘促、小便赤红涩痛、大便稍显干难的症状，使用桑根白皮散方。
药材：桑根白皮（半两，锉碎）、海蛤（一分）、汉防己（一分）、赤茯苓（一分）、白术（一分）、甜葶苈（一分）。
制法与用法：将上述药物捣碎并过粗筛制成散剂。每次服用一钱，加水一小盏，煎煮至剩余五分药液，滤去药渣，温服。每日服用三到四次，并根据患儿年龄大小酌情调整剂量。
治疗小儿水气，出现肿满、喘促、坐卧不安的症状，适宜服用槟榔散方。
药材：槟榔（半两）、川大黄（半两，锉碎后微炒）、牵牛子（半两，微炒）、甜葶苈（半两，隔纸炒至紫色）。
制法与用法：将上述药物捣细并过细筛制成散剂。每次服用时，用温水调服半钱，每日二到三次，根据情况适当增加剂量，以大便通利为见效标准。
治疗小儿水气肿满，伴有持续不断的喘咳症状，使用赤茯苓散方。
药材：赤茯苓（半两）、桑根白皮（半两，锉碎）、川升麻（一分）、甜葶苈（一分，隔纸炒至紫色）、杏仁（一分，去皮尖及双仁，麸炒微黄）。
制法与用法：将上述药物捣碎并过粗筛制成散剂。每次服用一钱，加水一小盏，煎煮至剩余五分药液，滤去药渣，温服。每日服用三到四次，并根据患儿年龄大小酌情调整剂量。
治疗小儿水气肿满久不消退，使用楮皮汤方。
药材：楮树白皮（锉碎一合）、赤小豆（一合）、赤茯苓（一两，锉碎）。
制法与用法：将上述药物混合均匀。每次取一份药量，加水一小盏，煎煮至剩余五分药液，滤去药渣，分两次服用。每日服用三到四次，根据患儿年龄大小酌情调整。
治疗小儿水气肿满，伴有小便涩滞不通，使用狸豆根汤方。
药材：狸豆根（半两）、车前草（半两）、葵子（半两）、桑根白皮（锉碎半合）、赤小豆（半合）。
制法与用法：将上述药物细细锉碎并混合均匀。每次取一份药量，加水一小盏，煎煮至剩余五分药液，滤去药渣，分两次服用。每日服用三到四次，根据患儿年龄大小酌情调整。
治疗小儿水气肿满，伴有小便不利、脐腹部胀闷不适、喘促的症状，使用猪苓散方。
药材：猪苓（一分，去除黑皮）、桑根白皮（一分，锉碎）、赤茯苓（一分）、海蛤（一分，细研）、甜葶苈（一分，隔纸炒至紫色）。
制法与用法：将上述药物捣碎并过粗筛制成散剂。每次服用一钱，加水一小盏，煎煮至剩余五分药液，滤去药渣，温服。每日服用三到四次，并根据患儿年龄大小酌情调整。
治疗小儿水气，表现为遍身肿满、喘促、小便不利，使用桑根白皮散方。
药材：桑根白皮（半两，锉碎）、射干（半两）、赤茯苓（半两）、黄芩（半两）、木通（半两，锉碎）、泽漆（半两）。
制法与用法：将上述药物捣细并过细筛制成散剂。每次服用时，用煮赤小豆的汤液调服半钱，每日服用三到四次，根据患儿年龄大小增减剂量。
治疗小儿水气，表现为面目浮肿、小便涩滞、心腹胀满，使用此方。
药材：赤茯苓（半两）、杏仁（半两，热水浸泡去皮尖及双仁，麸炒微黄）、陈橘皮（半两，热水浸泡去除白色内瓤后焙干）、汉防己（半两）。
制法与用法：将上述药物捣碎过筛制成粉末，用炼蜜调和制成丸剂，大小如绿豆。每次服用时，煎煮桑根白皮汤送服十丸，每日服用三次。五岁以下儿童酌情减量。
治疗小儿水气，表现为通身肿满、心腹胀闷不适、坐卧不安，适宜服用甜葶苈丸方。
药材：甜葶苈（半两，隔纸炒至紫色）、牵牛子（半两，微炒）、大戟（一分）、腻粉（一钱，研入）、雄雀粪（半两，酒浸后焙干）。
制法与用法：将上述药物捣碎过筛制成粉末，充分研磨均匀，用枣肉调和制成丸剂，大小如绿豆。每次服用时，用温茶送服一丸，每日服用两次。五岁以下儿童酌情减量。
治疗小儿水气，表现为遍身肿满、大小便困难、喘促无法安睡，适宜服用甘遂散方。
药材：甘遂（一分，煨至微黄）、槟榔（一分）、川大黄（一分，锉碎后微炒）、牵牛子（半两，微炒）、甜葶苈（一分，隔纸炒至紫色）。
制法与用法：将上述药物捣细并过细筛制成散剂。每次服用时，用温水调服“一字”量的药粉，以大便通利为见效标准。根据患儿年龄大小，凭经验加减剂量。
治疗小儿水气，表现为四肢浮肿、腹部胁肋部胀闷不适，适宜服用木香散方。
药材：木香（一分）、鳖甲（半两，涂醋炙至黄色，去除裙边）、赤茯苓（一分）、牵牛子（二分，微炒）、川大黄（一分，锉碎微炒）。
制法与用法：将上述药物捣细并过细筛制成散剂。每次服用时，用温水调服半钱，以大便通利为度。根据患儿年龄大小，加减剂量服用。
另一首方剂：
药材：槟榔（一两）、郁李仁（半两，热水浸泡去皮后微炒）。
制法与用法：将上述药物捣碎过筛制成粉末，用大麦面一两调和做成饼子，在灰火中烤熟。根据患儿年龄大小，给予食用，即可达到通便利尿的效果。
又一首方剂：
药材：甜葶苈（半两，隔纸炒至紫色）。
制法与用法：将上述药物捣碎过筛制成粉末，用枣肉调和制成丸剂，大小如绿豆。每次服用时，煎煮桑白皮汤送服五丸，每日服用三到四次，根据患儿年龄大小酌情调整。
The condition of pediatric edema and distension due to water qi arises from improper nursing and care, resulting in deficiency of both the Kidney and Spleen organs. The Kidney governs water metabolism, with its qi extending downward to the yin regions; the Spleen belongs to Earth, controls the muscles, and has the function of restraining water dampness. If the Kidney is deficient, it fails to transmit fluids properly; if the Spleen is deficient, it lacks the strength to control water dampness. Consequently, water qi overflows into the skin, leading to swelling. This type of edema presents as thin skin resembling a ripe plum. If swelling occurs because wind pathogens invade the deficient skin and contend with healthy qi, causing generalized soft swelling as if inflated by blowing, this is classified as wind-induced swelling.
To treat pediatric edema and distension due to water qi, accompanied by upper body asthma and rapid breathing, red and turbid urine, and slightly difficult defecation, use Sanggen Baipi San (Mulberry Root Bark Powder).
Ingredients: Sanggen Baipi (Cortex Mori Radicis, half liang, sliced), Hai Ge (Concha Arcae, one fen), Han Fangji (Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae, one fen), Chi Fuling (Poria Cocos with Red Hosta Root, one fen), Baizhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, one fen), Tiantingli (Semen Lepidii et Descurainiae, one fen).
Preparation and Administration: Crush the above ingredients and sieve them coarsely to make a powder. Take one qian per dose, add one small cup of water, decoct until five parts remain, strain, and take warm. Administer three to four times daily, adjusting the dosage according to the child's age.
For pediatric water qi presenting with edema, distension, asthma, restlessness in sitting or lying, Binglang San (Areca Seed Powder) is suitable.
Ingredients: Binglang (Semen Arecae, half liang), Chuan Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, half liang, sliced and lightly stir-fried), Qianniu Zi (Semen Pharbitidis, half liang, lightly stir-fried), Tiantingli (Semen Lepidii et Descurainiae, half liang, stir-fried between papers until purple).
Preparation and Administration: Crush the above ingredients finely and sieve them to make a powder. For each dose, mix half a qian with warm water and administer. Take two to three times daily, increasing the dose appropriately. Efficacy is indicated by loose stools.
To treat pediatric edema and distension due to water qi with incessant asthma and coughing, use Chifuling San (Red Poria Powder).
Ingredients: Chifuling (Poria Cocos with Red Hosta Root, half liang), Sanggen Baipi (Cortex Mori Radicis, half liang, sliced), Chuan Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae, one fen), Tiantingli (Semen Lepidii et Descurainiae, one fen, stir-fried between papers until purple), Xingren (Semen Armeniacae Amarum, one fen, peeled, de-embryoned, bran-stir-fried until slightly yellow).
Preparation and Administration: Crush the above ingredients and sieve them coarsely to make a powder. Take one qian per dose, add one small cup of water, decoct until five parts remain, strain, and take warm. Administer three to four times daily, adjusting the dosage according to the child's age.
For persistent pediatric edema and distension due to water qi that does not subside, use Chupi Tang (Broussonetia Bark Decoction).
Ingredients: Chushu Baipi (Cortex Broussonetiae Papyriferae, one he, sliced), Chixiaodou (Semen Phaseoli Angularis, one he), Chifuling (Poria Cocos with Red Hosta Root, one liang, sliced).
Preparation and Administration: Mix the above ingredients evenly. Take one portion per dose, add one small cup of water, decoct until five parts remain, strain, and divide into two doses. Administer three to four times daily, adjusting according to the child's age.
To treat pediatric edema and distension due to water qi with turbid and difficult urination, use Lidougen Tang (Millettia Root Decoction).
Ingredients: Lidougen (Radix Millettiae Speciosae, half liang), Cheqiancao (Herba Plantaginis, half liang), Kuizi (Semen Malvae, half liang), Sanggen Baipi (Cortex Mori Radicis, half he, sliced), Chixiaodou (Semen Phaseoli Angularis, half he).
Preparation and Administration: Finely slice and mix the above ingredients evenly. Take one portion per dose, add one small cup of water, decoct until five parts remain, strain, and divide into two doses. Administer three to four times daily, adjusting according to the child's age.
To treat pediatric edema and distension due to water qi with difficulty in urination, abdominal fullness and oppression, and asthma, use Zhuling San (Polyporus Powder).
Ingredients: Zhuling (Polyporus, one fen, remove black skin), Sanggen Baipi (Cortex Mori Radicis, one fen, sliced), Chifuling (Poria Cocos with Red Hosta Root, one fen), Hai Ge (Concha Arcae, one fen, finely ground), Tiantingli (Semen Lepidii et Descurainiae, one fen, stir-fried between papers until purple).
Preparation and Administration: Crush the above ingredients and sieve them coarsely to make a powder. Take one qian per dose, add one small cup of water, decoct until five parts remain, strain, and take warm. Administer three to four times daily, adjusting according to the child's age.
For pediatric water qi manifesting as generalized edema, asthma, and difficulty in urination, use Sanggen Baipi San (Mulberry Root Bark Powder).
Ingredients: Sanggen Baipi (Cortex Mori Radicis, half liang, sliced), Shegan (Rhizoma Belamcandae, half liang), Chifuling (Poria Cocos with Red Hosta Root, half liang), Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae, half liang), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae, half liang, sliced), Zeqi (Herba Euphorbiae Heloscopyi, half liang).
Preparation and Administration: Crush the above ingredients finely and sieve them to make a powder. For each dose, mix half a qian with decoction of Chixiaodou (Semen Phaseoli Angularis) and administer. Take three to four times daily, adjusting the dosage based on the child's size.
To treat pediatric water qi with facial and ocular edema, turbid urination, and abdominal distension and fullness, use this formula.
Ingredients: Chifuling (Poria Cocos with Red Hosta Root, half liang), Xingren (Semen Armeniacae Amarum, half liang, soaked in hot water, peeled, de-embryoned, bran-stir-fried until slightly yellow), Chen Ju Pi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, half liang, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried), Han Fangji (Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae, half liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder, mix with refined honey, and form pills the size of mung beans. Take ten pills per dose with Sanggen Baipi Tang (Mulberry Root Bark Decoction). Administer three times daily. Adjust for children under five years old.
For pediatric water qi presenting with generalized edema, abdominal fullness and oppression, and restlessness in sitting or lying, Tian Ting Li Wan (Lepidium Pill) is suitable.
Ingredients: Tiantingli (Semen Lepidii et Descurainiae, half liang, stir-fried between papers until purple), Qianniu Zi (Semen Pharbitidis, half liang, lightly stir-fried), Daji (Radix Euphorbiae Pekinensis, one fen), Nifen (Calomel, one qian, ground), Xiongque Fen (Excrement Passer Domesticus Masculinus, half liang, soaked in wine and dried).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder, mix thoroughly, and combine with date pulp to form pills the size of mung beans. Take one pill per dose with warm tea. Administer twice daily. Adjust for children under five years old.
For pediatric water qi presenting with generalized edema, difficulty in both large and small bowel movements, asthma, and inability to sleep, Gan Sui San (Kansui Powder) is suitable.
Ingredients: Gansui (Radix Kansui, one fen, baked until slightly yellow), Binglang (Semen Arecae, one fen), Chuan Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, one fen, sliced and lightly stir-fried), Qianniu Zi (Semen Pharbitidis, half liang, lightly stir-fried), Tiantingli (Semen Lepidii et Descurainiae, one fen, stir-fried between papers until purple).
Preparation and Administration: Crush the above ingredients finely and sieve them to make a powder. For each dose, mix a "yi zi" amount with warm water and administer. Efficacy is indicated by loose stools. Adjust the dosage based on the child's age and condition.
For pediatric water qi presenting with edema of the four limbs and abdominal and hypochondriac oppression, Muxiang San (Aucklandia Powder) is suitable.
Ingredients: Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae, one fen), Biejia (Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis, half liang, coated with vinegar, roasted until yellow, remove skirt), Chifuling (Poria Cocos with Red Hosta Root, one fen), Qianniu Zi (Semen Pharbitidis, two fen, lightly stir-fried), Chuan Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, one fen, sliced and lightly stir-fried).
Preparation and Administration: Crush the above ingredients finely and sieve them to make a powder. For each dose, mix half a qian with warm water and administer. Stop when loose stools occur. Adjust the dosage based on the child's age.
Another formula:
Ingredients: Binglang (Semen Arecae, one liang), Yuli Ren (Semen Pruni Persicae, half liang, soaked in hot water, peeled, lightly stir-fried).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder, mix with one liang of barley flour to make cakes, and bake in ash fire until cooked. Give to the child according to age to promote bowel movement and diuresis.
Yet another formula:
Ingredients: Tiantingli (Semen Lepidii et Descurainiae, half liang, stir-fried between papers until purple).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredient into powder, mix with date pulp to form pills the size of mung beans. Take five pills per dose with Sangbai Pi Tang (Morus Alba Bark Decoction). Administer three to four times daily, adjusting according to the child's age.