夫肺主于皮毛。肾主于水。肾虚则水妄行。流溢于皮肤。故令身体面目悉肿。按之没指
而无汗也。其腹如故。不满亦不渴。四肢重而不恶风。脉浮者。名皮水也。
治皮水肿。如裹水在皮肤中。四肢习习然动。汉防己散方。
汉防己（一两） 黄 （一两锉） 桂心（一两） 赤茯苓（二两） 甘草（半两炙微
赤锉） 桑
根白皮（一两锉）
上件药。捣筛为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。温服。日三服。
治皮水。头面四肢浮肿。心胸不利。喘息烦闷。大小便涩。桑根白皮散方。
桑根白皮（一两煨令微黄） 杏仁（一两汤浸去皮尖双仁麸炒微黄） 陈橘皮（一两汤
浸去
白瓤焙）
豆（一升以
水五升煮
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服三钱。以小豆汁一中盏。煎至六分。去滓。五更初温服。如
人行十里。当利。如未利。即再服。
治皮水。身体面目悉浮肿。宜服此方。
苦葫芦子（一分微炒） 木香（一分） 乳香〔二（一）分〕 朱砂（半钱细研） 槟
榔（二枚
一
上件药。捣罗为末。以烂饭和。分作四十九丸。用面裹。于铫子内。以水煮熟。令患人
和汁吞之。以尽为度。从早晨服药。至午时。其水便下。不计行数。水尽自止。
夫肾主水。肾虚则水妄行。肺主气。肺虚则卫气不能循环。水之与气。留滞皮肤。令身
体四肢肿满。故名气水肿也。
治气水肿满。喘息。小便涩。大腹皮散方。
大腹皮（一两锉） 槟榔（一两） 桑根白皮（二两锉） 前胡（一两去芦头） 赤茯
苓（一两）
木
甘草
（半两
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。温服。日三四服。
治气水。身体浮肿。腹胁妨闷。大小便涩。上气喘息。牵牛散方。
牵牛子（四两微炒） 陈橘皮（半两汤浸去白瓤焙） 白术（半两） 木香（一两）
桑根白皮（半两锉） 木通（半两锉） 肉桂（半两去皴皮）
上件药。捣细罗为散。五更初。以生姜茶调二钱。服之。至平明。更吃生姜茶粥。投转
三二行自定。临时相度虚实增减服。
治气水。四肢头面浮肿。小便涩。气喘息。宜服此方。
大腹皮（一两锉） 桑根白皮（一两半锉） 陈橘皮（一两半汤浸去白瓤焙） 汉防己
（一两
半） 吴茱萸（半两汤浸七遍焙干微炒） 木通（二两锉） 郁李仁（二两汤浸去皮微炒）
上件药。捣筛为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。温服。如人行四五里再
服。
治气水。肿满喘急。小便涩。猪苓散方。
猪苓（一两去黑皮） 麻黄（一两去根节） 陈橘皮（一两汤浸去白瓤焙） 桑根 白
皮（一
两锉） 百合（一两） 赤茯苓（一两） 槟榔（一两） 滑石（二两）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服五钱。以水一盏。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候温服。
又方。
牵牛子（三两微炒） 当归（半两锉碎微炒） 桂心（半两） 羌活（半两） 陈橘皮
（半两汤
浸去白瓤焙）
上件药。捣细罗为散。不计时候。以生姜汤调下三钱。
治气水。肿满喘急。大小便难。葶苈丸方。
甜葶苈（一两半隔纸炒令紫色更别研如膏） 甘遂（一两煨令微黄） 牵牛子（一两微
炒）
川大黄（一两锉碎微炒） 羌活（一两） 陈橘皮（一两汤浸去白瓤焙）
上件药。捣罗为末。炼蜜和捣二三百杵。丸如梧桐子大。每日空心。以温水下七丸。长
取利三两行。以瘥为度
治气水。肿满。上气喘息。木香丸方。
木香（一两） 海蛤（一两细研） 肉桂（半两去皴皮） 槟榔（一两） 诃黎勒皮（一
两） 汉
防己（一两） 桑根白皮（一两半锉） 旋复花（半两） 郁李仁（一两汤浸去皮微炒）
上件药。捣罗为末。炼蜜和捣三二百杵。丸如梧桐子大。每服。煎大腹皮汤下二十丸。
日四五服。
肺主司皮毛，肾主司水液代谢。肾气虚弱则水液运行失常，泛滥溢出于皮肤之间，从而导致全身及面目全部浮肿，按压后凹陷不起且无汗出。腹部形态如常，既不胀满也不口渴，四肢沉重但不恶风，脉象浮者，称为皮水病。
治疗皮水肿（症状表现为身体肿胀，如同有水包裹在皮肤之中），伴有四肢微微颤动不安的汉防己散方：
汉防己（一两）、黄芪（一两，锉碎）、桂心（一两）、赤茯苓（二两）、甘草（半两，炙至微红并锉碎）、桑根白皮（一两，锉碎）。
以上药材，捣碎过筛制成散剂。每次服用五钱，加水一大盏，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣，温服。每日服用三次。
治疗皮水（症状为头面四肢浮肿，心胸痞闷不畅，喘息烦闷，大小便涩滞不通）的桑根白皮散方：
桑根白皮（一两，煨至微黄）、杏仁（一两，热水浸泡去皮尖及双仁，麸炒至微黄）、陈橘皮（一两，热水浸泡去白瓤焙干）、赤小豆（一升，加水五升煮烂）。
以上药材，捣碎粗罗成散剂。每次服用三钱，用赤小豆汁一中盏，煎煮至剩余六分水量，滤去药渣，于五更初（凌晨3-5点）温服。若服药后行走十里路，应当会有小便通利；若未通利，再服一次。
治疗皮水（症状为身体面目全部浮肿），适宜服用此方：
苦葫芦子（一分，微炒）、木香（一分）、乳香（二分）、朱砂（半钱，细研）、槟榔（二枚）。
以上药材，捣罗成细末，用烂饭调和，分成四十九丸。用面粉包裹，放入铫子内，加水煮熟。让患者连汁带药吞服，以服完为度。从早晨开始服药，到中午时分，水湿便会下行排出，排便次数不限，待水湿排尽即停止服药。
肾主司水液，肾虚则水液妄行；肺主司气机，肺虚则卫气不能正常循环。水湿与气机留滞于皮肤之间，导致身体四肢肿满，故称为气水肿。
治疗气水肿满、喘息、小便涩滞的大腹皮散方：
大腹皮（一两，锉碎）、槟榔（一两）、桑根白皮（二两，锉碎）、前胡（一两，去芦头）、赤茯苓（一两）、木香（一两）、甘草（半两，炙）。
以上药材，捣碎粗罗成散剂。每次服用五钱，加水一大盏，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣，温服。每日服用三至四次。
治疗气水（症状为身体浮肿，腹部胁肋部痞闷不适，大小便涩滞，上逆气喘）的牵牛散方：
牵牛子（四两，微炒）、陈橘皮（半两，热水浸泡去白瓤焙干）、白术（半两）、木香（一两）、桑根白皮（半两，锉碎）、木通（半两，锉碎）、肉桂（半两，去皴皮）。
以上药材，捣碎细罗成散剂。五更初，用生姜茶调服二钱。至天明时，再喝生姜茶粥。服药后转侧活动二三下，大便自会通畅。临证时需根据患者虚实情况酌情增减剂量。
治疗气水（症状为四肢头面浮肿，小便涩滞，气逆喘息），适宜服用此方：
大腹皮（一两，锉碎）、桑根白皮（一两半，锉碎）、陈橘皮（一两半，热水浸泡去白瓤焙干）、汉防己（一两半）、吴茱萸（半两，热水浸泡七遍后焙干微炒）、木通（二两，锉碎）、郁李仁（二两，热水浸泡去皮微炒）。
以上药材，捣碎过筛成散剂。每次服用五钱，加水一大盏，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣，温服。若行走四五里路后仍未见效，可再服一次。
治疗气水（症状为肿满喘急，小便涩滞）的猪苓散方：
猪苓（一两，去黑皮）、麻黄（一两，去根节）、陈橘皮（一两，热水浸泡去白瓤焙干）、桑根白皮（一两，锉碎）、百合（一两）、赤茯苓（一两）、槟榔（一两）、滑石（二两）。
以上药材，捣碎粗罗成散剂。每次服用五钱，加水一盏，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣，不拘时候温服。
又一方：
牵牛子（三两，微炒）、当归（半两，锉碎微炒）、桂心（半两）、羌活（半两）、陈橘皮（半两，热水浸泡去白瓤焙干）。
以上药材，捣碎细罗成散剂。不拘时候，用生姜汤调服三钱。
治疗气水（症状为肿满喘急，大小便困难）的葶苈丸方：
甜葶苈（一两半，隔纸炒至紫色，另研如膏状）、甘遂（一两，煨至微黄）、牵牛子（一两，微炒）、川大黄（一两，锉碎微炒）、羌活（一两）、陈橘皮（一两，热水浸泡去白瓤焙干）。
以上药材，捣罗成细末，炼蜜调和，捣杵二三百下，制成梧桐子大小的丸剂。每日空腹时，用温水送服七丸。长期保持每日排便两三行为宜，以病愈为度。
治疗气水（症状为肿满，上逆气喘）的木香丸方：
木香（一两）、海蛤（一两，细研）、肉桂（半两，去皴皮）、槟榔（一两）、诃黎勒皮（一两）、汉防己（一两）、桑根白皮（一两半，锉碎）、旋复花（半两）、郁李仁（一两，热水浸泡去皮微炒）。
以上药材，捣罗成细末，炼蜜调和，捣杵三二百下，制成梧桐子大小的丸剂。每次服用，煎煮大腹皮汤送服二十丸。每日服用四至五次。
The Lung governs the skin and hair, while the Kidney governs water metabolism. When Kidney Qi is deficient, water flows recklessly, overflowing into the skin. This causes swelling of the entire body and face, where pressing leaves an indentation (pitting edema), accompanied by anhidrosis (absence of sweating). The abdomen remains normal in shape, without fullness or thirst; the limbs feel heavy but there is no aversion to wind. If the pulse is floating, this condition is named Pi Shui (Skin Water Edema).
For treating Pi Shui (characterized by body swelling as if wrapped in water within the skin, with slight trembling movements in the four limbs), use the Han Fangji San (Han Fangji Powder) formula:
* *Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix* (Han Fangji, 1 liang)
* *Astragali Membranacei Radix* (Huangqi, 1 liang, crushed)
* *Cinnamomi Cortex* (Guixin, 1 liang)
* *Poria Cocos* (Chifuling, 2 liang)
* *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (Gancao, 0.5 liang, honey-fried until slightly red and crushed)
* *Morus Albae Cortex Radicis* (Sanggenbaipi, 1 liang, crushed)
Process the above ingredients by pounding and sieving them into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, decoct with one da zhen (large cup) of water until reduced to 0.5 zhen. Strain and take warm. Administer three times daily.
For treating Pi Shui (characterized by edema of the head, face, and four limbs, chest and heart discomfort, panting, irritability, and difficult urination/defecation), use the Sanggenbaipi San (Mulberry Root Bark Powder) formula:
* *Morus Albae Cortex Radicis* (Sanggenbaipi, 1 liang, roasted until slightly yellow)
* *Pruni Armeniaci Semen* (Xingren, 1 liang, soaked in hot water, skin and tips removed, double-kernel wheat bran-fried until slightly yellow)
* *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium* (Chenjuapi, 1 liang, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried)
* *Phaseoli Vulgaris Semen Rubrum* (Chixiaodou, 1 sheng, boiled in 5 sheng of water until soft)
Process the above ingredients by pounding and coarsely sieving them into a powder. Take 3 qian per dose, decoct with one zhong zhen (medium cup) of red bean juice until reduced to 0.6 zhen. Strain and take warm at Wugeng (early morning, 3-5 AM). After walking for ten li, urination should occur. If not, take another dose.
For treating Pi Shui (characterized by complete edema of the body and face), this formula is suitable:
* *Lagenaria Siceraria Var. Bilocularis Semen* (Kuhuluizi, 1 fen, lightly fried)
* *Aucklandiae Radix* (Muxiang, 1 fen)
* *Boswelliae Resina* (Ruxiang, 2 fen)
* *Cinnabaris* (Zhusha, 0.5 qian, finely ground)
* *Arecae Semen* (Binglang, 2 pieces)
Process the above ingredients by pounding and sieving them into a fine powder. Mix with well-chewed rice paste to form 49 pills. Wrap each pill in dough and boil in a clay pot until cooked. The patient should swallow the pills along with the broth. Continue from morning until noon, at which point the water retention will be expelled. Stop when the water is fully expelled, regardless of the number of bowel movements.
The Kidney governs water; deficiency leads to reckless water flow. The Lung governs Qi; deficiency prevents Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) from circulating properly. Water and Qi stagnate in the skin, causing swelling of the body and four limbs, hence named Qi Shui Edema.
For treating Qi Shui edema/fullness, panting, and difficult urination, use the Dafupi San (Areca Peel Powder) formula:
* *Arecae Pericarpium* (Dafupi, 1 liang, crushed)
* *Arecae Semen* (Binglang, 1 liang)
* *Morus Albae Cortex Radicis* (Sanggenbaipi, 2 liang, crushed)
* *Peucedani Radix* (Qianhu, 1 liang, rhizome removed)
* *Poria Cocos* (Chifuling, 1 liang)
* *Aucklandiae Radix* (Muxiang, 1 liang)
* *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (Gancao, 0.5 liang, honey-fried)
Process the above ingredients by pounding and coarsely sieving them into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, decoct with one da zhen of water until reduced to 0.5 zhen. Strain and take warm. Administer three to four times daily.
For treating Qi Shui (characterized by body edema, abdominal and hypochondriac oppression, difficult urination/defecation, and upward rebellious Qi causing panting), use the Qianni San (Pharbitidis Seed Powder) formula:
* *Pharbitidis Semen* (Qiannanzi, 4 liang, lightly fried)
* *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium* (Chenjuapi, 0.5 liang, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried)
* *Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma* (Baizhu, 0.5 liang)
* *Aucklandiae Radix* (Muxiang, 1 liang)
* *Morus Albae Cortex Radicis* (Sanggenbaipi, 0.5 liang, crushed)
* *Akebiae Caulis* (Mutong, 0.5 liang, crushed)
* *Cinnamomi Cortex* (Rougui, 0.5 liang, outer bark removed)
Process the above ingredients by pounding and finely sieving them into a powder. At Wugeng (early morning), mix 2 qian with ginger tea. At dawn, consume ginger tea porridge. Move around gently two or three times to facilitate bowel movement. Adjust dosage based on excess or deficiency patterns.
For treating Qi Shui (characterized by edema of the four limbs and face, difficult urination, and upward rebellious Qi causing panting), use this formula:
* *Areca Pericarpium* (Dafupi, 1 liang, crushed)
* *Morus Albae Cortex Radicis* (Sanggenbaipi, 1.5 liang, crushed)
* *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium* (Chenjuapi, 1.5 liang, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried)
* *Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix* (Hanfangji, 1.5 liang)
* *Evodiae Fructus* (Wuzhuyu, 0.5 liang, soaked in hot water seven times, dried and lightly fried)
* *Akebiae Caulis* (Mutong, 2 liang, crushed)
* *Pruni Semen* (Yuliren, 2 liang, soaked in hot water, skin removed, lightly fried)
Process the above ingredients by pounding and sieving them into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, decoct with one da zhen of water until reduced to 0.5 zhen. Strain and take warm. If no improvement after walking four or five li, take another dose.
For treating Qi Shui (characterized by edema/fullness, urgent panting, and difficult urination), use the Zhuling San (Polyporus Powder) formula:
* *Polyporus Umbellatus* (Zhuling, 1 liang, black skin removed)
* *Ephedrae Herba* (Mahuang, 1 liang, roots and joints removed)
* *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium* (Chenjuapi, 1 liang, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried)
* *Morus Albae Cortex Radicis* (Sanggenbaipi, 1 liang, crushed)
* *Lilii Bulbus* (Baihe, 1 liang)
* *Poria Cocos* (Chifuling, 1 liang)
* *Arecae Semen* (Binglang, 1 liang)
* *Talcum* (Huashi, 2 liang)
Process the above ingredients by pounding and coarsely sieving them into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, decoct with one zhen of water until reduced to 0.5 zhen. Strain and take warm at any time.
Another prescription:
* *Pharbitidis Semen* (Qiannanzi, 3 liang, lightly fried)
* *Angelicae Sinensis Radix* (Danggui, 0.5 liang, crushed and lightly fried)
* *Cinnamomi Cortex* (Guixin, 0.5 liang)
* *Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix* (Qianghuo, 0.5 liang)
* *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium* (Chenjuapi, 0.5 liang, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried)
Process the above ingredients by pounding and finely sieving them into a powder. Take 3 qian mixed with ginger soup at any time.
For treating Qi Shui (characterized by edema/fullness, urgent panting, and difficulty in urination/defecation), use the Tingli Wan (Descurainiae Seed Pill) formula:
* *Descurainiae Semen seu Lepidii Semen* (Tian Tingli, 1.5 liang, fried between papers until purple, separately ground into paste)
* *Kansui Radix* (Gansui, 1 liang, roasted until slightly yellow)
* *Pharbitidis Semen* (Qiannanzi, 1 liang, lightly fried)
* *Rhei Radix et Rhizoma* (Chuan Dahuang, 1 liang, crushed and lightly fried)
* *Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix* (Qianghuo, 1 liang)
* *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium* (Chenjuapi, 1 liang, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried)
Process the above ingredients by pounding and sieving them into a powder. Mix with refined honey and pound 200-300 times to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take seven pills on an empty stomach daily with warm water. Aim for two to three bowel movements daily. Discontinue when cured.
For treating Qi Shui (characterized by edema/fullness and upward rebellious Qi causing panting), use the Muxiang Wan (Aucklandiae Pill) formula:
* *Aucklandiae Radix* (Muxiang, 1 liang)
* *Concha Meretricis et Cyclinae* (Hai Ge, 1 liang, finely ground)
* *Cinnamomi Cortex* (Rougui, 0.5 liang, outer bark removed)
* *Arecae Semen* (Binglang, 1 liang)
* *Chebulae Fructus Pericarpium* (Helilepi, 1 liang)
* *Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix* (Hanfangji, 1 liang)
* *Morus Albae Cortex Radicis* (Sanggenbaipi, 1.5 liang, crushed)
* *Inulae Flos* (Xuanjinhua, 0.5 liang)
* *Pruni Semen* (Yuliren, 1 liang, soaked in hot water, skin removed, lightly fried)
Process the above ingredients by pounding and sieving them into a powder. Mix with refined honey and pound 300-200 times to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take twenty pills per dose, washed down with a decoction of Areca Pericarpium (Dafupi). Administer four to five times daily.