产后血热心烦口燥者,凉血饮。虚烦而渴者,生脉散。盖产后虚渴,气少脚弱,头目眩晕,
饮食无味,熟地黄汤,或四物加麦冬、花粉。
凉血饮 治产后虚烦发渴。
黄芩(二钱,酒炒) 赤芍(二钱) 川芎(二钱) 甘草(一钱) 荆芥(二钱) 花粉(二钱) 生
地(二钱) 麦冬(二钱)
上药分作二服,每服加竹叶七片,灯心二十茎,水煎。
生脉散 生津止渴。
人参 麦冬 五味
水煎服。
熟地黄汤
人参(四钱) 甘草(一钱) 花粉(六钱) 麦冬(三钱) 熟地(五钱)
分作二服,元米一撮,姜枣煎服。
产后败血停蓄五脏,循经流入四肢化为水,因成虚浮肿者,调经散。产后气血大虚,肢体浮
肿者,不可通利其水,宜大补气血,四君子汤加苍术。
调经散
当归(一两) 赤芍(两) 肉桂(一两) 没药(一钱) 琥珀(一钱) 麝香(五分) 细辛(五分)
炙甘草(二钱)
共为细末,每服五分,入姜汁少许,酒调下。
薛古愚曰∶产后发热,因去血过多则血虚,血虚则阴虚,阴虚则生内热,心胸闷烦,气短头
疼眩乱,骨节酸疼,晡时转甚,与大病后虚烦闷相类者,宜人参当归散主之。如血虚生热而
自汗者,逍遥散。若产后脐下发热,非熟地不能治。若产后发热不已,必用炒黑干姜,详见
丹溪治产后日晡发热转甚,非柴胡不能治。若外皮热而内不热者,及两足觉冷者,此胃风也
,宜芎苏饮。
产后寒热,恶露未净,停住胞络而发热者,仍以行血为主,小腹痛者是也。轻则四乌汤,重
则醋个散。或以吐泻,五积散。有食,加消导药。恶露净者,小腹不痛是也。若产后因下血
过多,而忽发寒热者,此因营卫虚损,阴阳不和也,宜加减四物汤。
产后因血热导致心烦、口舌干燥的,使用凉血饮。若因虚烦而口渴的,使用生脉散。一般来说,产后出现的虚渴症状,伴有气短、下肢无力、头晕目眩、饮食无味等表现,可用熟地黄汤,或在四物汤基础上加入麦冬、天花粉。
凉血饮:治疗产后虚烦引发的口渴。
药材组成:黄芩(二钱,用酒炒制)、赤芍(二钱)、川芎(二钱)、甘草(一钱)、荆芥(二钱)、天花粉(二钱)、生地黄(二钱)、麦冬(二钱)。
服用方法:将上述药物分为两份服用,每次服用时加入竹叶七片、灯心草二十茎,加水煎煮。
生脉散:具有生津止渴的功效。
药材组成:人参、麦冬、五味子。
服用方法:加水煎煮后服用。
熟地黄汤
药材组成:人参(四钱)、甘草(一钱)、天花粉(六钱)、麦冬(三钱)、熟地黄(五钱)。
服用方法:分为两份服用,加入一小撮粳米、生姜和大枣,煎煮后服用。
产后败血停滞于五脏,沿经络流入四肢化为水湿,从而形成虚性浮肿的,使用调经散。若产后气血严重亏虚导致肢体浮肿的,不可使用利尿通淋的方法利水,应当大补气血,使用四君子汤加苍术。
调经散
药材组成:当归(一两)、赤芍(一两)、肉桂(一两)、没药(一钱)、琥珀(一钱)、麝香(五分)、细辛(五分)、炙甘草(二钱)。
服用方法:共研为细末,每次服用五分,加入少许姜汁,用酒调服。
薛古愚说:产后发热,是因为失血过多导致血虚,血虚则阴虚,阴虚则产生内热。症状表现为心胸闷烦、气短、头痛眩晕、骨节酸痛,傍晚时分症状加重,这与大病后的虚烦闷相似,宜用人参当归散主治。如果是血虚生热且伴有自汗的,使用逍遥散。若是产后脐下发热,非熟地黄不能治愈。如果产后发热持续不止,必须使用炒黑的干姜,详见丹溪治疗产后日晡(下午3-5点)发热加重的案例,认为非柴胡不能治愈。如果是体表发热而体内不热,以及双脚感觉寒冷的,这是胃风证,宜用芎苏饮。
产后出现寒热往来,恶露未排净,停滞在胞宫络脉而导致发热的,仍以活血化瘀为主,小腹部疼痛即是此证。轻症使用四乌汤,重症使用醋个散。如果伴有呕吐或腹泻,使用五积散。如果有食积,需加入消导药物。若恶露已排净,小腹不痛的,则不属于此列。如果产后因失血过多,突然发生寒热症状,这是因为营卫虚弱受损,阴阳不和所致,宜用加减四物汤。
For postpartum heat in the blood causing restlessness and dryness of the mouth, use Liangxue Yin (Cooling Blood Decoction). For deficiency-heat causing restlessness and thirst, use Shengmai San (Generate the Pulse Powder). Generally, for postpartum deficiency-thirst accompanied by shortness of breath, weakness in the legs, dizziness and vertigo, and loss of taste, use Shudihuang Tang (Rehmannia Root Decoction), or Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) added with Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber) and Huafen (Trichosanthes Root).
Liangxue Yin: Treats postpartum deficiency-restlessness and thirst.
Ingredients: Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 2 qian, stir-fried with wine), Chishao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra, 2 qian), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 2 qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica, 2 qian), Huafen (Trichosanthis Radix, 2 qian), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix, 2 qian), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, 2 qian).
Usage: Divide the herbs into two doses. For each dose, add seven leaves of Zhuye (Bambusae Folium) and twenty stems of Dengxin (Junci Medulla), decoct with water.
Shengmai San: Generates fluids and relieves thirst.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber), Wuwei Zi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus).
Usage: Decoct with water and take orally.
Shudihuang Tang:
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 4 qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian), Huafen (Trichosanthis Radix, 6 qian), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, 3 qian), Shudi (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, 5 qian).
Usage: Divide into two doses. Add a pinch of Yuanmi (Oryza Sativa), fresh ginger, and jujube, decoct and take.
When lochia stasis accumulates in the five zang organs and flows along the meridians into the four limbs, transforming into water-dampness, resulting in deficiency-type edema, use Tiaojing San (Regulate the Menses Powder). When postpartum qi and blood are severely deficient, leading to limb edema, do not use diuretic methods to drain water; instead, greatly tonify qi and blood using Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) added with Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma).
Tiaojing San:
Ingredients: Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 1 liang), Chishao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra, 1 liang), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex, 1 liang), Moyao (Myrrha, 1 qian), Hupo (Electrum, 1 qian), Shexiang (Moschus, 5 fen), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 5 fen), Zhi Gancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 qian).
Usage: Grind into a fine powder. Take 5 fen per dose, mix with a small amount of Jiangzhi (Zingiberis Rhizoma Juice), and swallow with wine.
Xue Guyu stated: Postpartum fever occurs because excessive blood loss leads to blood deficiency; blood deficiency leads to yin deficiency; yin deficiency generates internal heat. Symptoms include chest stuffiness and irritability, shortness of breath, headache, dizziness and vertigo, and soreness and pain in the bone joints, worsening during the Shen and You hours (late afternoon). This resembles the deficiency-restlessness and stuffiness seen after severe illness, and should be treated with Renshen Danggui San (Ginseng and Angelica Powder). If there is spontaneous sweating due to heat generated from blood deficiency, use Xiaoyao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder). If there is heat below the umbilicus after childbirth, only Shudi (Prepared Rehmannia Root) can treat it. If postpartum fever persists, fried black Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) must be used; see Danxi’s treatment of postpartum fever worsening at the Shen hour, where he believed only Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) could cure it. If the skin feels hot but the interior is not hot, and the feet feel cold, this is Wei Feng (Stomach Wind), and Xiong Su Yin (Ligusticum and Perilla Decoction) should be used.
Postpartum alternating chills and fever, where lochia has not cleared and stagnates in the uterine collaterals causing fever, should primarily be treated by promoting blood circulation; abdominal pain is the characteristic sign. For mild cases, use Siwu Tang (modified as Siwu Soup here); for severe cases, use Cu Ge San. If vomiting or diarrhea occurs, use Wuji San (Five Accumulations Powder). If there is food stagnation, add digestive herbs. If lochia has cleared and there is no abdominal pain, this category does not apply. If sudden chills and fever occur after childbirth due to excessive blood loss, this is caused by deficiency and damage to Ying and Wei (Nutritive and Defensive Qi), and disharmony of Yin and Yang; Jiajian Siwu Tang (Modified Four Substances Decoction) should be used.