(此属阴虚,自下而上至脉之病也。宜以丹溪、节斋、古庵诸公之方参用。然阴虚难治
,以
血生于气、先无形而后有形也。且滋阴之剂有害脾胃,脾伤则气损,气损则血无以生,气盛
则火有所助,诚难调治。惟审胃气有无以决治则,此为良法耳)
《大全》云∶妇人热劳由心肺壅热,伤于气血,以致心神烦躁,眼赤头疼,眼涩唇干,
口舌
生疮,神思昏倦,四肢壮热,饮食无味,肢体酸疼,心忪盗汗,肌肤日瘦,或寒热往来。
当审所因,调补气血,其病自愈矣(是言实火,非同劳热之火可补)。薛氏云∶热劳乃壮火食
气,虚火煎熬真阴之所致也。王太仆云∶如大寒而甚,热之不热,是无火也。热来复去,昼
见夜伏,夜发昼止,是无火也。当治其心。如大热而甚,寒之不寒,是无水也。热动复止,
倏忽往来,时作时止,是无水也(太仆所论真水真火,此根有生中来,故当求属以衰之。窃
谓
以下诸症或肝或脾或肺,而心肾者甚少,总以分气分血主治,却与求属之意不同)。当助其
肾。心盛则生热,肾盛则生寒。肾虚则寒动于中,心虚则热收于内(此下十二节分经症虚实
定方,确有见解)。窃谓前症若肝脾血虚,用四物参术。肝脾郁怒,小柴胡合四物。脾胃气
虚,补中益气汤。肝脾血热,加味逍遥散。肝经风热,加味小柴胡汤。心经血虚,天王补心
丹。肺经气虚,人参补肺汤。肝经血虚,加味四物汤。大抵午前热属气分,用清心莲子饮,
午后热属血分,用四物加参术丹皮。热从左边起者,肝火也,实则四物、龙胆、山栀,虚则
四物、参术、黄 。热从脐下起者,阴火也,四物、参术、黄柏、知母酒拌炒黑、五味、麦
冬、肉桂。如不应,急用加减八味丸。不时而热,或无定处,或从脚心起,此无根心虚也,
用加减八味丸及十全大补汤加门冬、五味主之。
(此证属于阴虚,病势由下向上发展至脉分的病变。适宜参考使用丹溪、节斋、古庵诸位医家的方剂。然而阴虚之证难以治疗,因为血生于气,先有无形之气而后生成有形之血。况且滋阴的药物容易损伤脾胃,脾受损则气亦受损,气受损则血无法生成;若气过盛则火得到助益,确实难以调理治疗。只有仔细审查胃气的有无来决定治疗原则,这才是良法。)
《妇人大全良方》说:妇女的热劳病,是由于心肺壅滞蕴热,损伤了气血,导致心神烦躁,眼睛发红头痛,眼干涩嘴唇干燥,口舌生疮,精神昏沉疲倦,四肢壮热,饮食没有味道,肢体酸痛,心慌盗汗,肌肤日渐消瘦,或者寒热往来。应当审察病因,调补气血,病自然就会痊愈(这里说的是实火,不同于劳热之火可以用补法)。薛己说:热劳是壮火食气,虚火煎熬真阴所导致的。王冰(王太仆)说:如果大寒且严重,用热药治疗却不发热,这是无火(命门火衰)。热来又去,白天显现晚上潜伏,晚上发作白天停止,这也是无火。应当治心。如果大热且严重,用寒药治疗却退不了热,这是无水(肾阴亏虚)。热动又止,忽冷忽热,时作时止,这也是无水(王冰所论述的真水真火,这根源来自先天,所以应当寻求所属脏腑以衰退其邪气。我认为以下诸症或涉及肝、脾、肺,而涉及心肾的很少,总体以区分气分和血分来主治,这与寻求所属脏腑的意思不同)。应当补肾。心盛则生热,肾盛则生寒。肾虚则寒动于中,心虚则热收于内(以下十二节分别按经络症状虚实确定方剂,确有见解)。我认为前述病症如果是肝脾血虚,用四物汤加人参、白术。肝脾郁怒,用小柴胡汤合四物汤。脾胃气虚,用补中益气汤。肝脾血热,用加味逍遥散。肝经风热,用加味小柴胡汤。心经血虚,用天王补心丹。肺经气虚,用人参补肺汤。肝经血虚,用加味四物汤。大致上午前发热属于气分,用清心莲子饮;午后发热属于血分,用四物汤加人参、白术、牡丹皮。热从左边起的,是肝火,实证用四物汤、龙胆草、山栀,虚证用四物汤、人参、白术、黄芪。热从脐下起的,是阴火,用四物汤、人参、白术、黄柏、知母(酒拌炒黑)、五味子、麦冬、肉桂。如果无效,急用加减八味丸。不时发热,或者没有固定部位,或者从脚心起,这是无根的心虚,用加减八味丸及十全大补汤加麦冬、五味子为主治。
(This syndrome belongs to Yin deficiency, a pathological process where the disease progresses from below upwards to the pulse level. It is appropriate to refer to and use formulas from masters such as Danxi, Jiezhai, and Gu'an. However, Yin deficiency is difficult to treat because Blood is generated by Qi; formless Qi precedes formed Blood. Moreover, Yin-nourishing agents may harm the Spleen and Stomach; if the Spleen is injured, Qi is damaged, and if Qi is damaged, there is no source for Blood generation. Conversely, if Qi is excessive, Fire receives assistance, making regulation truly difficult. The only sound method is to carefully examine the presence or absence of Stomach Qi to determine the treatment principle.)
The *Daquan* (Complete Works) states: Women's "Heat Lao" (consumptive fever) arises from congestion and heat in the Heart and Lung, damaging Qi and Blood, resulting in mental restlessness, red eyes with headache, dry and gritty eyes, dry lips, sores in the mouth and tongue, mental fatigue and drowsiness, robust heat in the four limbs, loss of taste in food, soreness and pain in the limbs, palpitations with night sweats, daily emaciation of the skin and flesh, or alternating chills and fever. One should investigate the cause, regulate and tonify Qi and Blood, and the disease will heal itself (This refers to Excess Fire, which differs from the Fire of consumptive fever that can be treated with tonification). Xue Ji stated: Heat Lao is caused by vigorous Fire consuming Qi and deficient Fire simmering True Yin. Wang Bing (Wang Taipu) stated: If there is severe cold that does not respond to warming treatments, it indicates a lack of Fire (Mingmen Fire deficiency). If heat comes and goes, appearing during the day and hiding at night, or manifesting at night and subsiding during the day, this also indicates a lack of Fire. One should treat the Heart. If there is severe heat that does not respond to cooling treatments, it indicates a lack of Water (Kidney Yin deficiency). If heat fluctuates and stops, coming and going suddenly, starting and stopping intermittently, this also indicates a lack of Water (Wang Bing discussed True Water and True Fire, which originate from congenital endowment, thus one should seek the affected organ to subdue the pathogen. I opine that among the following symptoms, those involving the Liver, Spleen, or Lung are common, while those involving the Heart and Kidney are rare. Generally, treatment should distinguish between Qi and Blood levels, which differs from the intent of seeking the specific organ affiliation). One should assist the Kidney. Excess in the Heart generates heat; excess in the Kidney generates cold. Kidney deficiency causes cold to move within; Heart deficiency causes heat to be retained internally (The following twelve sections determine formulas based on meridian-specific symptoms and their excess/deficiency nature, demonstrating profound insight). In my opinion, for the aforementioned symptoms: if due to Liver and Spleen Blood deficiency, use Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) with Renshen (Ginseng) and Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome); if due to Liver and Spleen depression and anger, use Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) combined with Siwu Tang; if due to Spleen and Stomach Qi deficiency, use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction); if due to Liver and Spleen Blood heat, use Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder); if due to Liver Meridian Wind-heat, use Jiawei Xiaochaihu Tang (Modified Minor Bupleurum Decoction); if due to Heart Meridian Blood deficiency, use Tianwang Buxin Dan (Emperor of Heaven's Special Pill to Tonify the Heart); if due to Lung Meridian Qi deficiency, use Renshen Bufei Tang (Ginseng Lung-Tonifying Decoction); if due to Liver Meridian Blood deficiency, use Jiawei Siwu Tang (Modified Four Substances Decoction). Generally, heat occurring before noon belongs to the Qi level, treated with Qingxin Lianzi Yin (Clear the Heart and Lotus Seed Decoction); heat occurring after noon belongs to the Blood level, treated with Siwu Tang plus Renshen, Baizhu, and Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex). Heat arising from the left side indicates Liver Fire: in Excess cases, use Siwu Tang, Longdancao (Gentiana Root), and Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit); in Deficiency cases, use Siwu Tang, Renshen, Baizhu, and Huangqi (Astragalus Root). Heat arising from below the navel indicates Yin Fire, treated with Siwu Tang, Renshen, Baizhu, Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark), Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome - stir-fried black with rice wine), Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), and Rougui (Cinnamon Bark). If ineffective, urgently use Jiawei Bawei Wan (Modified Eight-Ingredient Pill). Intermittent heat without fixed location, or arising from the soles of the feet, indicates rootless Heart deficiency, treated primarily with Jiawei Bawei Wan and Shiquan Dabu Tang (Perfect Golden Great Tonifying Decoction) plus Maidong and Wuweizi.