【歌】内心焦烦号子烦，金为火烁是根源。心烦肺热多消渴，若是胸烦呕吐翻，郁闷不舒胎气热。但烦无疾
是虚烦，若兼恍惚心惊悸，竹也门冬不可喧。
【论】妊娠苦烦闷者，以四月受少阴君火以养精，六月受少阳相火以养气。若母心惊胆寒有郁闷，名子烦也。
《产宝》曰∶子烦有四证，有中心烦，有胸中烦，有产烦，有子烦，皆热也。肺虚而火乘之，则心烦也。停痰积
饮而呕吐涎沫，恶闻食气，胸中烦也。但热而烦，似无疾者，虚烦也。气血停积，虚热相搏，气郁不舒，烦躁吐
沫，剧则胎动不安，均为子烦也。竹叶汤、麦门冬饮、气滞紫苏饮、痰竹沥汤。
【脉】子烦属热，脉必洪数，沉气滑痰，虚则无力。
【方】
竹叶汤
防风 黄芩 麦冬 茯苓 竹叶 山栀 当归
《外台秘要》有竹沥无竹叶，一方有知母无栀、芩、当归。
麦门冬饮
麦冬 人参 茯神 生地 黄芩 犀角 甘草 莲心
竹沥汤
竹沥（一升） 茯苓（四两） 麦冬 防风 黄芩（各三两）
水四升煮二升，入竹沥分三服。知母丸一味为末，枣肉丸服，治误服药而虚烦不安者。
【歌】口干烦躁热而虚，架构阴阳气不舒，热在心脾多有准，煎熬津液不如初，古方知母除胎渴，六一黄
主气虚，又有血凝成神医。（《耿隅载方书》）
【论】陈良甫曰∶妊娠烦躁口渴者，是足太阴脾经，其气通于口，手少阴心经，其气通于舌。若脏腑虚弱，
营卫不和，以致阴阳失度，热乘于心脾，则津液消烁，故烦躁口渴也。与子烦大同小异，宜知母散。虚热，人参
黄散，或黄 六一汤。耿隅治孕妇暴渴，惟饮五味汁，曰∶此血欲凝非疾也，已而果孕。古方有血欲凝而渴饮
五味之症，不可不知。
【方】
知母散
知母 麦冬 黄 茯苓 黄芩 甘草 竹沥
水二盏煎八分，去渣冲竹沥服。
人参黄 散
人参 黄 知母 麦冬 葛根 茯苓 秦艽 甘草 竹叶
水煎服。
黄 六一汤
黄 （六钱） 甘草（一钱）
水煎服。
【歌诀】内心焦躁烦闷称为“子烦”，其根源在于肺金被心火灼烧。心烦且伴有肺部热象，多出现消渴症状；若是胸中烦闷并伴随呕吐翻逆，则是气机郁闷不舒导致胎气蕴热。仅有烦躁而无其他疾病表现，属于虚烦；若兼有神情恍惚、心惊胆怯易悸动，则竹叶和麦冬不可多用或需慎用（注：原文“不可喧”在此语境下结合医理通常指不宜单用或需配伍，此处直译为不可喧杂/不可独用，但根据后文方剂含此二药，更倾向于强调辨证使用，此处按字面意译并保持通顺：竹叶与麦冬不可随意滥用）。
【论述】妊娠期间苦于烦闷的，是因为在怀孕第四个月时受少阴君火之气以滋养胎儿之精，第六个月时受少阳相火之气以滋养胎儿之气。如果母亲心中惊恐、胆气寒怯且有郁结情绪，这就叫做“子烦”。
《产宝》记载：“子烦有四种证候，有心烦、胸中烦、产烦、子烦，这些都属于热证。”肺气虚弱而火热乘虚侵袭，就会出现心烦；痰饮停滞积聚导致呕吐涎沫，厌恶食物气味，这是胸中烦；只有热象而烦躁，看似没有明显病症，这是虚烦；气血停滞积聚，虚热相互搏结，气机郁结不舒展，烦躁并吐出泡沫，严重时会导致胎动不安，这些都归类为子烦。治疗可用竹叶汤、麦门冬饮、气滞紫苏饮、痰竹沥汤。
【脉诊】子烦属于热证，脉象必定洪大且数；若脉沉，提示气滞或痰湿；若脉无力，则为虚证。
【方剂】
竹叶汤
防风、黄芩、麦冬、茯苓、竹叶、山栀、当归。
《外台秘要》中有竹沥无竹叶，另一版本有知母无山栀、黄芩、当归。
竹沥汤
竹沥（一升）、茯苓（四两）、麦冬、防风、黄芩（各三两）。
用水四升煮取二升，加入竹沥，分三次服用。
知母丸仅由一味知母研末，用枣肉制成丸剂服用，治疗因误服药物而导致虚烦不安的情况。
【歌诀】口干、烦躁、热象且体质虚弱，这是由于阴阳失调、气机不舒展所致。热邪在心脾的情况多有定准，煎熬津液使其不如初盛。古方用知母来消除胎前口渴，六一散加黄柏主治气虚，还有血凝成瘀导致的口渴需用神医之法。（出自《耿隅载方书》）
【论述】陈良甫说：妊娠期间烦躁且口渴的，是因为足太阴脾经的气通于口，手少阴心经的气通于舌。如果脏腑虚弱，营卫不和，导致阴阳失去平衡，热邪侵犯心脾，就会使津液消烁，因此出现烦躁和口渴。这与子烦大同小异，适宜使用知母散。如果是虚热，用人参黄芪散，或者黄芪六一汤。耿隅治疗孕妇突然极度口渴，只让她饮用五味子的汁液，说：“这是血液欲凝结而非疾病所致”，后来果然怀孕了。古方中有因血欲凝结而口渴，饮用五味子汁治愈的案例，这一点不可不知道。
【方剂】
知母散
知母、麦冬、黄芪、茯苓、黄芩、甘草、竹沥。
用水两盏煎至八分，去渣后冲入竹沥服用。
[Verse]
Internal burning and vexation is termed "Zi Fan" (Fetal Vexation), with its root cause lying in the Lung Metal being scorched by Heart Fire. Heart vexation accompanied by Lung Heat often manifests as Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst); if chest vexation is accompanied by vomiting and retching, it indicates stagnant depression causing heat in the fetal Qi. Vexation alone without other disease signs constitutes Xu Fan (Deficiency Vexation); if accompanied by mental confusion, fright, palpitations, Zhu Ye (Bamboo Leaf) and Mai Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber) should not be used indiscriminately.
[Discussion]
Pregnant women suffering from vexation and stuffiness do so because, at the fourth month of gestation, they receive the influence of Shaoyin Junhuo (Ministerial Fire of the Hand-Shaoyin) to nourish the fetus's essence, and at the sixth month, they receive the influence of Shaoyang Xianghuo (Ministerial Fire of the Hand-Shaoyang/San-Jiao) to nourish the fetus's Qi. If the mother experiences heart fright, gallbladder coldness, and emotional depression, this is named Zi Fan.
The *Chanbao* states: "There are four types of Zi Fan: Xin Fan (Heart Vexation), Xiong Zhong Fan (Chest Vexation), Chan Fan (Labor Vexation), and Zi Fan (Fetal Vexation); all belong to Heat." When Lung Qi is deficient and Fire attacks it, Heart Vexation occurs; when phlegm-fluids stagnate and accumulate, leading to vomiting of saliva and foam, and aversion to food odors, this is Chest Vexation; when there is only heat and vexation with no apparent illness, this is Deficiency Vexation; when Qi and Blood stagnate and accumulate, fighting with Deficient Heat, causing Qi stagnation and discomfort, resulting in vexation and foamy vomiting, which in severe cases leads to fetal movement and insecurity—all are categorized under Zi Fan. Treatments include Zhuye Tang (Bamboo Leaf Decoction), Maimendong Yin (Ophiopogon Drink), Qizhi Zisu Yin (Qi-Stagnation Perilla Drink), and Tan Zhuli Tang (Phlegm Bamboo Juice Decoction).
[Pulse Diagnosis]
Zi Fan belongs to Heat; the pulse must be Hong (Surging) and Shuo (Rapid). A Chen (Deep) pulse suggests Qi stagnation or Phlegm; a Wu Li (Powerless) pulse indicates Deficiency.
[Formulas]
Zhuye Tang (Bamboo Leaf Decoction)
Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Fuling (Poria), Zhuye (Bamboo Leaf), Shanzhi (Gardenia Fruit), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis).
*Waitai Miyao* includes Zhuli (Bamboo Juice) instead of Zhuye; another version includes Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) instead of Shanzhi, Huangqin, and Danggui.
Maimendong Yin (Ophiopogon Drink)
Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Fushen (Poria with Hostwood), Shengdi (Rehmannia Root), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Xijiao (Rhinoceros Horn - *Note: Substitute with Buffalo Horn in modern practice*), Gancao (Licorice Root), Lianxin (Lotus Plumule).
Zhuli Tang (Bamboo Juice Decoction)
Zhuli (Bamboo Juice, 1 Sheng), Fuling (Poria, 4 Liang), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) (each 3 Liang).
Boil with 4 Sheng of water until reduced to 2 Sheng, add Zhuli, and divide into three doses.
Zhimu Wan (Anemarrhena Pill): Grind Zhimu into powder, mix with jujube paste to form pills. This treats deficiency vexation and restlessness caused by taking incorrect medications.
[Verse]
Dry mouth, vexation, heat, and deficiency arise from Yin-Yang imbalance and Qi stagnation. Heat affecting the Heart and Spleen is a common pattern, scorching fluids so they are not as abundant as before. Ancient formulas use Zhimu to eliminate fetal thirst; Liu Yi San (Six-to-One Powder) with Huangbo treats Qi deficiency; there is also the case of thirst due to blood coagulation requiring skilled intervention. (From *Geng Yu Zai Fang Shu*)
[Discussion]
Chen Liangfu stated: In pregnancy, vexation and thirst occur because the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian connects to the mouth, and the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian connects to the tongue. If the Zang-Fu organs are weak, and Ying-Wei (Nutritive and Defensive Qi) are disharmonious, leading to an imbalance of Yin and Yang, Heat attacks the Heart and Spleen, consuming fluids, thus causing vexation and thirst. This is largely similar but slightly different from Zi Fan; Zhimu San (Anemarrhena Powder) is suitable. For Deficient Heat, Ren Shen Huang Qi San (Ginseng and Astragalus Powder) or Huang Qi Liu Yi Tang (Astragalus Six-to-One Decoction) may be used. Geng Yu treated a pregnant woman with sudden extreme thirst by having her drink only juice from Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry), saying, "This is blood attempting to coagulate, not a disease," and she subsequently became pregnant. Ancient texts mention the syndrome of thirst due to blood desiring to coagulate, cured by drinking Schisandra juice; this must be known.
[Formulas]
Zhimu San (Anemarrhena Powder)
Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Huangqi (Astragalus Root), Fuling (Poria), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Gancao (Licorice Root), Zhuli (Bamboo Juice).
Decoct with 2 cups of water until 0.8 cup remains, strain, and take with Zhuli.
Ren Shen Huang Qi San (Ginseng and Astragalus Powder)
Renshen (Ginseng Root), Huangqi (Astragalus Root), Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Gegen (Kudzu Root), Fuling (Poria), Qinjiao (Gentiana Macrophylla Root), Gancao (Licorice Root), Zhuye (Bamboo Leaf).
Decoct in water and take.
Huang Qi Liu Yi Tang (Astragalus Six-to-One Decoction)
Huangqi (Astragalus Root, 6 Qian), Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 Qian).
Decoct in water and take.