川芎(一钱) 当归(二钱五分) 桃仁(十粒) 甘草 桔梗(各四分) 知母(八分) 有痰加花
粉。姜煎服。虚弱有汗嗽。加人参(一二钱)
产后半月内外。患嗽。有声痰少。
川芎 当归 白芍(各三钱) 诃子皮 栝蒌仁 知母(各一钱) 甘草 兜铃 桔梗(各四分)
款冬花(六分) 姜水煎服。
产后虚弱。百日内患风寒嗽。声重有痰。或身热。头痛。无汗。
川芎 知母 诃子皮 栝蒌仁 生地(各一钱) 当归(三钱) 兜铃 桔梗 甘草(各四分)
款冬花(六分) 煎服。
产后半月内外感。寒热往来。或午。或日晡。或夜间。发寒热。其发有期。其症类疟。此由
血气并弱。阳虚寒作。而阴虚发热也。慎勿以疟治。虽柴胡亦不可用。惟调补气血。而寒热
自除矣。毋用芩。连。栀。柏。以退热。毋用草果。槟榔。常山。以绝疟。如汗。气短。加
人参。黄 。热加当归。人参。若产已及一月。其人尚虚。有患疟症。则用人参养胃汤。加
减调理。再煎参术膏服。仲景云。伤寒寒热往来。一日二三度发者。阴阳俱虚。不可更发汗。
更下。更吐。与此意同。产后半月内外类疟。
川芎 人参 白术(各一钱) 当归 青皮(各二钱) 甘草(三分) 茯苓 藿香(各八分) 乌
梅(一个) 汗多加黄 枣仁(各一钱)
产后已及一月类疟。
川芎(一钱)、当归(二钱五分)、桃仁(十粒)、甘草、桔梗(各四分)、知母(八分)。若有痰,加天花粉。用生姜煎服。若体质虚弱且有汗、咳嗽,加人参(一至二钱)。
产后半个月左右,出现咳嗽,有声但痰少。
川芎、当归、白芍(各三钱)、诃子皮、栝蒌仁、知母(各一钱)、甘草、紫菀(此处原文为兜铃,即紫菀/款冬花类,按原文译作紫菀或保留兜铃,中医常指紫菀或马兜铃科植物,此处依原文“兜铃”译为紫菀/马兜铃,但在妇科学术语境下常指润肺止咳药,暂按字面“紫菀/马兜铃”处理,标准术语中兜铃多指紫菀的别名或误写,此处严格对应原文“兜铃”译为紫菀/马兜铃,考虑到上下文为润肺,通常指紫菀,但为严谨起见,使用“紫菀(Diplocyclos)”或直接音译,WHO标准中无直接对应,故采用通用译法:Asteris Radix (Ziwan) 或 Aristolochiae Fructus (Hudouling)。鉴于“兜铃”在古籍中常通“紫菀”或指“马兜铃”,结合“款冬花”并列,此处极可能指“紫菀”。但为了忠实原文,我将使用“Ziwan (Aster Root)”并备注原文为兜铃,或者更稳妥地,直接使用“Dangling Bell Fruit (Hudouling)”如果是指马兜铃。然而,在产后咳嗽方中,常用的是紫菀。让我们仔细看原文:“诃子皮 栝蒌仁 知母... 兜铃 桔梗... 款冬花”。这里“兜铃”和“款冬花”同时出现。款冬花是Kudenghua。兜铃通常是马兜铃。但在某些版本中,“兜铃”可能是“紫菀”的笔误或异名。不过,作为翻译专家,应忠实于文本。我将把“兜铃”翻译为“Aristolochia fruit (Hudouling)”,并在括号中说明。等等,再查一下,《女科秘要》此方中“兜铃”往往指的是“紫菀”或者就是“马兜铃”。马兜铃清肺化痰。我们就按“马兜铃”翻译。
修正:在中医古籍中,“兜铃”有时也指代“紫菀”,因为紫菀根状茎弯曲如兜。但现代中药学“兜铃”特指马兜铃。鉴于这是清代或明代的妇科书,且与款冬花同用,二者常配伍。马兜铃苦寒,产后慎用?但原文如此。我将忠实翻译为“Aristolochia fructus (Hudouling, 马兜铃)”。
产后身体虚弱,在百日内患风寒引起的咳嗽,声音沉重有痰,或者伴有发热、头痛、无汗。
川芎、知母、诃子皮、栝蒌仁、生地黄(各一钱)、当归(三钱)、马兜铃、桔梗、甘草(各四分)、款冬花(六分)。煎服。
产后半个月左右感受外邪,出现忽冷忽热的症状,有的在中午,有的在下午申时(日晡),有的在夜间发作寒热。发作有固定的时间,症状类似疟疾。这是由于气血两虚,阳气虚则生寒,阴气虚则发热所致。千万不要当作疟疾来治疗,即使是柴胡也不可用。只有调理补益气血,寒热症状自然消除。不要用黄芩、黄连、栀子、黄柏来退热,不要用草果、槟榔、常山来截断疟疾。如果有出汗、气短的情况,加人参、黄芪;发热加重加当归、人参。如果生产已经满一个月,人依然虚弱,却患了疟疾症状,则用人参养胃汤,加减调理,再服用参术膏。张仲景说:“伤寒病中寒热往来,一天发作两三次的人,是阴阳都虚,不可以再用发汗、攻下、催吐的方法。”这与本意相同。产后半个月左右出现的类似疟疾的症状。
川芎、人参、白术(各一钱)、当归、青皮(各二钱)、甘草(三分)、茯苓、藿香(各八分)、乌梅(一个)。出汗多的加黄芪、酸枣仁(各一钱)。
产后已满一个月,出现类似疟疾的症状。
Chuanxiong Rhizoma (1 qian), Danggui Radix (2.5 qian), Persicae Semen (10 grains), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Platycodonis Radix (each 0.4 qian), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (0.8 qian). If there is phlegm, add Tetrastigmatis Caulis (Huafen). Decoct with fresh ginger and take orally. If the constitution is weak with sweating and cough, add Ginseng Radix (1-2 qian).
Around half a month postpartum, suffering from cough with voice but little sputum.
Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Danggui Radix, Paeoniae Radix Alba (each 3 qian), Terminalia chebula Retzii Pericarpium (Hezi Pi), Trichosanthis Fructus (Gualou Ren), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (each 1 qian), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Aristolochiae Fructus (Douding), Platycodonis Radix (each 0.4 qian), Kadsurae Longipedunculati Flos (Kuandonghua, 0.6 qian). Decoct with water containing fresh ginger and take orally.
Postpartum weakness, contracting wind-cold cough within one hundred days, with heavy voice and phlegm, or accompanied by fever, headache, and absence of sweating.
Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Terminalia chebula Retzii Pericarpium, Trichosanthis Fructus, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shengdi Huang, each 1 qian), Danggui Radix (3 qian), Aristolochiae Fructus, Platycodonis Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (each 0.4 qian), Kadsurae Longipedunculati Flos (0.6 qian). Decoct and take orally.
Around half a month postpartum, contracting cold pathogen, experiencing alternating chills and fever. The episodes may occur at noon, in the late afternoon (Ribu), or at night. The onset of chills and fever has a regular pattern, and the symptoms resemble malaria. This is caused by the simultaneous deficiency of Qi and Blood; Yang deficiency leads to cold, while Yin deficiency leads to fever. Do not treat it as malaria; even Chaihu should not be used. Only by regulating and tonifying Qi and Blood will the chills and fever resolve naturally. Do not use Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian), Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi), or Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai) to reduce fever. Do not use Arecae Seed (Caoguo), Areca Seed (Binglang), or Cinchonae Cortex (Changshan) to arrest malaria. If there is sweating and shortness of breath, add Ginseng Radix and Astragali Radix (Huangqi); if heat increases, add Danggui Radix and Ginseng Radix. If delivery has been for a full month and the person remains weak yet presents with malaria-like symptoms, then use Renshen Yangwei Tang (Ginseng Stomach-Nourishing Decoction), adjust according to syndrome, and additionally take Shen Zhu Gao (Ginseng and Atractylodes Macrocephala Paste). Zhang Zhongjing stated: "In Shaoyang syndrome with alternating chills and fever, occurring two or three times a day, both Yin and Yang are deficient; do not further induce sweating, purge, or vomit." This principle is identical. Malaria-like symptoms around half a month postpartum.
Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (each 1 qian), Danggui Radix, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Qingpi, each 2 qian), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (0.3 qian), Poria (Fuling), Pogostemonis Herba (Huoxiang, each 0.8 qian), Pruni Mume Fructus (Wumei, 1 piece). If sweating is excessive, add Astragali Radix and Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (Suanzaoren, each 1 qian).
Malaria-like symptoms occurring after one month postpartum.