《千金方》曰∶妇人之病，比之男子十倍难疗。经言妇人者，众阴所聚，常与湿居，十四以上，阴气浮溢，
百想经心，内伤五脏，月水去留，前后交互，瘀血停凝，中道断绝，其中伤堕，不可具论。或便利于悬厕之上，
风从下入，便成十二痼疾。妇人所以别立方也。然女人嗜欲多于丈夫，感病倍于男子，加以爱憎嫉妒，所以为病
根深，疗之难瘥也。
慎斋按∶以上一条，序妇人病之难疗也。
《脉经》曰∶尺脉滑，血气实，妇人经脉不利。尺脉来而断绝者，月水不利。寸关如故，尺脉绝不至者，月
水不利，当患少腹痛。肝脉沉，月水不利，主腰腹痛。
《素问》曰∶女子七岁，肾气盛，齿更发长，二七而天癸至，任脉通，太冲脉盛，月事以时下，故有子。
七七任脉虚，太冲脉衰少，天癸竭，地道不通，故形坏而无子。丈夫八岁，肾气实，齿更发长，二八肾气盛，
天癸至，精气溢泻，阴阳和，故能有子。八八则齿发去，五脏皆衰，筋骨懈惰，天癸尽矣。故发鬓白，身怯，
行步不正而无子。
慎斋按∶以上经论一条，序男女有子，本于天癸至，而肾气盛实之候也。昔人论种子，必先调经。故妇人调
经一门之后，即继以嗣育之道。若《良方》与《济阴纲目》序调经经闭证后，遂编入妇人血崩带下，与中风诸
疾，未免序次不伦矣。
《千金方》说：妇女的疾病，比男子的疾病十倍难以治疗。医经中说妇女是众阴汇聚之处，常与湿气共处，十四岁以后，阴气浮越上溢，各种思虑进入心中，内伤五脏，月经或去或留，前后交替紊乱，瘀血停滞凝结，经络中道断绝，其中涉及的损伤、堕胎等情况，无法一一列举。或者在悬挂的厕所上排便，风邪从下部侵入，便形成十二种顽固性疾病。这就是妇女疾病单独设立一门的原因。然而女人欲望多于男子，感受病邪倍数于男子，加上爱憎嫉妒等情绪，所以致病根深蒂固，治疗难以痊愈。
慎斋按语：以上一条，叙述了妇女疾病难以治疗的原因。
《脉经》说：尺脉滑利，表示血气充实，妇女经脉不利。尺脉来去中断绝止的，是月经不利。寸部和关部脉象如常，仅尺脉绝而不至的，是月经不利，应当患少腹疼痛。肝脉沉，主月经不利，症状表现为腰腹部疼痛。
《素问》说：女子七岁时，肾气旺盛，牙齿更换，头发生长；十四岁时天癸至，任脉通畅，太冲脉盛满，月经按时来潮，所以能够生育。四十九岁时任脉虚衰，太冲脉气血衰少，天癸枯竭，地道不通畅，所以形体衰老而不能生育。男子八岁时，肾气充实，牙齿更换，头发生长；十六岁时肾气盛满，天癸至，精气满溢外泄，阴阳交合，所以能够生育。六十四岁时牙齿头发脱落，五脏皆衰，筋骨懈怠懒惰，天癸耗尽。所以鬓发变白，身体怯弱，行走步态不正而不能生育。
慎斋按语：以上经文论述了一条，叙述男女能够生育，根本在于天癸至，以及肾气盛实的征候。古人论及求子之道，必先调理月经。所以在妇女调理月经这一门类之后，紧接着就是嗣育（生育）的道理。如果像《良方》与《济阴纲目》那样，在叙述调理月经和经闭证候之后，随即编入妇女血崩、带下，以及中风等各种疾病，未免次序混乱不伦了。
*Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) states: Women's diseases are ten times more difficult to treat than men's diseases. Medical classics state that women are the gathering place of all yin, and often dwell with dampness. After the age of fourteen, yin qi floats and overflows; various thoughts enter the heart, internally injuring the five zang organs. Menstruation may stay or go, alternating irregularly; blood stasis stagnates and coagulates, cutting off the middle pathway. The injuries and miscarriages involved cannot be fully discussed. Or, while defecating on a suspended toilet, wind pathogen enters from below, forming twelve types of chronic stubborn diseases. This is why women's diseases are established as a separate category. However, women have more desires than men, and are affected by pathogens twice as much as men. Added to this are emotions of love, hate, and jealousy, so the root of disease is deep-seated, making it difficult to cure.
Shen Zhai's Note: The above passage narrates the difficulty in treating women's diseases.
*Mai Jing* (Pulse Classic) states: A slippery chi pulse indicates abundant blood and qi, leading to unfavorable menstruation in women. If the chi pulse comes and then cuts off, it indicates unfavorable menstruation. If the cun and guan pulses remain normal but the chi pulse is absent, it indicates unfavorable menstruation, accompanied by lower abdominal pain. A sunken liver pulse indicates unfavorable menstruation, primarily manifesting as waist and abdominal pain.
*Sù Wèn* (Basic Questions) states: At seven years old, a girl's kidney qi becomes prosperous; her teeth change and hair grows. At fourteen (two sevens), tian gui arrives, the Ren Mai vessel becomes unobstructed, and the Chong Mai vessel becomes full; menstruation arrives on time, thus she can conceive. At forty-nine (seven sevens), the Ren Mai vessel becomes deficient, the Chong Mai vessel declines, tian gui is exhausted, the earthly pathway becomes blocked, thus her form deteriorates and she cannot conceive. At eight years old, a boy's kidney qi becomes solid; his teeth change and hair grows. At sixteen (two eights), his kidney qi becomes prosperous, tian gui arrives, essence and qi overflow and discharge; when yin and yang harmonize, he can conceive. At sixty-four (eight eights), his teeth and hair fall out, the five zang organs all decline, sinews and bones become slack and lazy, and tian gui is completely exhausted. Thus his temples turn white, his body becomes weak, his gait is unsteady, and he cannot conceive.
Shen Zhai's Note: The above classic discussion narrates that the ability of both men and women to conceive is based on the arrival of tian gui and the signs of prosperous and solid kidney qi. In the past, discussions on seed-conception always began with regulating menstruation. Therefore, after the section on regulating menstruation for women, the principles of fertility follow immediately. If works like *Liang Fang* (Good Prescriptions) and *Ji Yin Gang Mu* (Outline and Key Points of Gynecology) list leukorrhea and metrorrhagia, as well as stroke and other diseases, immediately after discussing menstrual regulation and amenorrhea, the sequence is unduly chaotic.