〔薛〕东垣云∶足太阳头痛，脉浮紧，恶风寒，川芎、羌活、独活、麻黄为主。手
少阳经头痛，脉弦细，往来寒热，柴胡为主。足阳明头痛，身热目疼鼻干，恶寒发热，脉
浮缓而长，升麻汤，（升麻，葛根。）或石膏、白芷为主。手太阳头痛，有痰，体重或腹痛，为
痰癖，脉沉缓，苍术、半夏、南星为主。足少阴经头痛，足寒气逆，为寒厥，脉沉细，麻
黄附子细辛汤（伤寒太阳。）为主。足厥阴头项痛，或吐涎沫，厥冷，脉浮缓，吴茱萸汤（伤寒吐。）
主之。诸血虚头痛，当归、川芎为主。诸气虚头痛，人参、黄 为主。气血俱虚头痛，调
中益气汤（杂病劳倦。）少加川芎、蔓荆、细辛。痰厥头痛，半夏白术天麻汤。（杂病眩晕。）厥逆头
痛，羌活附子汤。（杂病头病。）如湿气在头者，以苦吐之，不可执方而治。若脉杂乱而病见不
一，且补胃为主。一妇人因劳，耳鸣头痛体倦，用补中益气加麦门、五味而痊。三年
后得子，因饮食劳倦、前证益甚，月经不调，晡热，内热，自汗，盗汗，用六味地黄丸、补
中益气汤顿愈。经云∶头痛耳鸣，九窍不利，肠胃之所生也。故脾胃一虚，耳目九窍皆为
之病。一妇人两眉棱痛，后及太阳，面青善怒，此肝经风热之证，用选奇汤（杂病头痛。）合
逍遥散（调经。）加山栀、天麻、黄 、半夏、黄芩而愈。此证失治，多致伤目或两耳出脓，则
危矣。
旋复花汤 许叔微云∶妇人患头风者，十居其半，每发必掉眩，如在车船上。盖因血
虚，肝有风邪袭之尔。予尝处旋复花汤，此方修合服之，比他药甚效。
川芎 当归（去芦） 羌活（去芦） 旋复花 细辛（去苗） 蔓荆子 防风（去芦）
石膏 本（去芦） 荆芥穗 半夏曲 干地黄 甘草（炙，各半两）
上 咀，每服五钱，水一盏半，生姜五片，煎至七分，去滓温服，日进二服。
七生丸 治男子妇人八般头风，及一切头痛，痰厥，气厥，饮厥，伤寒，伤风头痛
不可忍者，并皆治之。
川乌头 草乌头 天南星（三味并生，去皮） 半夏（冷水洗去滑） 川芎
白芷 石膏（并生用，各等分）
上为细末，研韭菜自然汁，丸如梧桐子大。每服七丸，加至十丸，嚼生葱、茶送下，
食后，日进二服。（陈尝治邓安人头痛如破，诸药无效，加北细辛等分，全蝎减半为丸，
服二十粒，即
愈。）
药隐老人云∶若头痛连齿，时发时止，连年不已。此由风寒中于骨髓，留而不去。脑
为髓海，故头痛齿亦痛，谓之厥逆头痛。宜白附子散，灸曲鬓穴。此穴在耳上，将耳掩
前正尖上，可灸七壮，左痛灸左，右痛灸右。
白附子散
白附子（炮，一两） 乌头（炮，去皮脐） 天南星（炮） 麻黄（不去根节，各半两）
干姜（炮） 辰砂（研，各二钱半） 全蝎（炒，五枚） 麝香（另研，一字）
上为细末，每服一钱，温酒调下，不拘时候。
治头风痛不可忍。
硝石 人中白 脑子（各等分）
上研令极细，每用一字，搐入鼻中。
川芎茶调散 治诸风上攻，头目昏重，偏正头痛。
薄荷（八两） 川芎 荆芥（各四两） 羌活 白芷 防风 甘草（炙，各二两） 细辛（一两）
上为末，每服二钱，食后茶清调下。
如圣饼子 （《和剂》）治男妇气厥，上盛下虚，痰饮风寒，伏留阳经，偏正头疼，痛连脑颠，
吐逆恶心，目瞑耳聋。常服清头目，消风化痰暖胃。
防风 生半夏 天麻（各半两） 天南星（洗） 川乌（去皮尖） 干姜（各一两）
川芎 甘草（炙，各二两）
为细末，汤浸蒸饼和丸芡实大，捻作饼子，日干。每服五饼，同荆芥穗三五茎细嚼，
茶酒汤任下，无时。
若头痛筋挛，骨重少气，哕噫腹满时惊，不嗜卧，咳嗽烦冤，其脉举之则弦，按之石
坚，由肾气不足而内着，其气逆而上行，谓之肾厥头痛。宜玉真丸与硫黄丸。
玉真丸
硫黄（研，三两） 硝石（二分，研） 石膏（ 研） 半夏（汤洗，为末，各一两）
上研令停匀，生姜自然汁打糊丸如梧子大，生姜汤下三十丸。一方，无半夏，有天
南星。
硫黄丸 治头痛不可忍，或头风年深暴患，无所不治，服此除根。
硝石（一两） 硫黄（二两）
上研令极细，滴水丸如指头大。空心，蜡茶清嚼下一丸。《百一方》云∶中暑者，以冰
水服之，下咽即洒然。治伤冷，以艾汤下。
裕陵传王荆公偏头疼方，云是禁中秘方。用生芦菔汁一蚬壳，仰卧注鼻中，左痛注左，
右痛注右，或两鼻皆注亦可，数十年患，皆一注而愈。
【薛己按语】李东垣说：足太阳经头痛，脉象浮紧，恶风怕冷，以川芎、羌活、独活、麻黄为主药。手少阳经头痛，脉象弦细，忽冷忽热，以柴胡为主药。足阳明经头痛，身体发热、眼睛疼痛、鼻子干燥，恶寒发热，脉象浮缓而长，用升麻汤（主要成分为升麻、葛根），或者以石膏、白芷为主药。手太阳经头痛，有痰湿，身体沉重或腹痛，属于痰癖证，脉象沉缓，以苍术、半夏、天南星为主药。足少阴经头痛，脚部寒冷且气逆上冲，属于寒厥证，脉象沉细，以麻黄附子细辛汤（出自《伤寒论》太阳病篇）为主药。足厥阴经头项部疼痛，或者呕吐涎沫，四肢厥冷，脉象浮缓，用吴茱萸汤（出自《伤寒论》吐证篇）主治。凡是血虚引起的头痛，以当归、川芎为主药。凡是气虚引起的头痛，以人参、黄芪为主药。气血俱虚引起的头痛，用调中益气汤（出自杂病劳倦篇）稍加川芎、蔓荆子、细辛。痰厥头痛，用半夏白术天麻汤（出自杂病眩晕篇）。厥逆头痛，用羌活附子汤（出自杂病头痛篇）。如果湿气停留在头部，应用苦味药催吐，不可拘泥于固定方剂治疗。如果脉象杂乱且病症表现不一，暂且以补益胃气为主。有一位妇女因劳累出现耳鸣、头痛、身体疲倦，使用补中益气汤加麦冬、五味子而痊愈。三年后生育，因饮食不节和过度劳累，之前的症状更加严重，月经失调，午后发热，内热，自汗，盗汗，使用六味地黄丸、补中益气汤迅速治愈。医经说：头痛耳鸣，九窍不通利，是由肠胃问题产生的。所以脾胃一旦虚弱，耳朵、眼睛及九窍都会发生病变。另一位妇女两眉棱骨疼痛，后来波及太阳穴，面色发青且易怒，这是肝经风热的证候，选用奇汤（出自杂病头痛篇）合逍遥散（用于调经）加山栀、天麻、黄芪、半夏、黄芩而痊愈。此证若失治，多会导致伤目或双耳流脓，那就危险了。
旋复花汤 许叔微说：妇女患头风病的，十人中有一半，每次发作必定头晕目眩，感觉像在车船之上。这是因为血虚，肝受风邪侵袭所致。我曾处方旋复花汤，此方配制服用，比其他药物非常有效。
川芎、当归（去芦头）、羌活（去芦头）、旋复花、细辛（去苗）、蔓荆子、防风（去芦头）、石膏、藁本（去芦头）、荆芥穗、半夏曲、干地黄、甘草（炙，各半两）。
以上药材切碎，每次服用五钱，加水一盏半，生姜五片，煎至七分，去渣温服，每日进两次。
七生丸 治疗男女八种头风，以及一切头痛、痰厥、气厥、饮厥、伤寒、伤风引起的剧烈头痛，都能治疗。
川乌头、草乌头、天南星（这三味均生用，去皮）、半夏（冷水洗去滑腻）、川芎、白芷、石膏（均生用，各等分）。
以上研成细末，用韭菜自然汁调和，制成梧桐子大小的丸药。每次服用七丸，增至十丸，嚼生葱、茶送下，饭后服用，每日进两次。（陈氏曾治疗邓安人头痛如破，诸药无效，加入北细辛等量，全蝎减半制丸，服用二十粒，立即痊愈。）
药隐老人说：如果头痛连及牙齿，时发时止，常年不愈。这是由于风寒侵入骨髓，停留不去。脑为髓海，所以头痛牙齿也痛，称为厥逆头痛。宜用白附子散，灸曲鬓穴。此穴在耳上方，将耳掩住前正尖处，可灸七壮，左边痛灸左边，右边痛灸右边。
白附子散
白附子（炮制，一两）、乌头（炮制，去皮脐）、天南星（炮制）、麻黄（不去根节，各半两）、干姜（炮制）、辰砂（研细，各二钱半）、全蝎（炒，五枚）、麝香（另研，一字）。
以上研成细末，每次服用一钱，温酒调服，不限时候。
治疗头风痛不可忍受。
硝石、人中白、脑子（冰片，各等分）。
以上研至极细，每次用一字量，搐入鼻中。
川芎茶调散 治疗各种风邪上攻，头目昏重，偏头痛或正头痛。
薄荷（八两）、川芎、荆芥（各四两）、羌活、白芷、防风、甘草（炙，各二两）、细辛（一两）。
以上研成末，每次服用二钱，饭后用清茶调服。
如圣饼子 （出自《太平惠民和剂局方》）治疗男女气厥，上盛下虚，痰饮风寒，伏留于阳经，偏头痛或正头痛，痛连头顶，呕吐恶心，闭目耳聋。常服可清头目，消风化痰暖胃。
防风、生半夏、天麻（各半两）、天南星（洗）、川乌（去皮尖）、干姜（各一两）、川芎、甘草（炙，各二两）。
研成细末，用热水浸蒸饼调和，制成芡实大小的丸子，搓成饼状，晒干。每次服用五个饼，同荆芥穗三五茎细细咀嚼，茶、酒或汤任其选择送下，不限时候。
如果头痛伴有筋脉挛急，身体沉重，气短，呃逆嗳气，腹部胀满，时常惊恐，不愿睡觉，咳嗽烦闷，脉象轻取则弦，重按则坚硬，这是由于肾气不足而内着，气逆上行，称为肾厥头痛。宜用玉真丸与硫黄丸。
玉真丸
硫黄（研，三两）、硝石（二分，研）、石膏（研）、半夏（汤洗，为末，各一两）。
以上研匀，用生姜自然汁打糊，制成梧桐子大小的丸药。生姜汤送下三十丸。另一法，无半夏，有天南星。
硫黄丸 治疗头痛不可忍受，或头风年深暴患，无所不治，服此可除根。
硝石（一两）、硫黄（二两）。
以上研至极细，滴水制成指头大小的丸药。空腹时，用蜡茶清嚼下一丸。《百一方》说：中暑者，用冰水送服，咽下即清爽。治疗伤冷，用艾汤送下。
裕陵传王荆公偏头疼方，说是宫廷秘方。用生萝卜汁一蚬壳量，仰卧注入鼻中，左边痛注左边，右边痛注右边，或两鼻皆注亦可，数十年患病，都一次注射而愈。
[Xue Ji's Commentary] Li Dongyuan stated: For Taiyang channel headache (headache of the Foot-Taiyang channel), with a floating and tight pulse, aversion to wind and cold, Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo), Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (Duhuo), and Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang) are the main herbs. For Shaoyang channel headache (headache of the Hand-Shaoyang channel), with a string-taut and fine pulse, alternating chills and fever, Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu) is the main herb. For Yangming channel headache (headache of the Foot-Yangming channel), with body heat, eye pain, nasal dryness, aversion to cold and fever, and a floating, slow, and long pulse, Shengma Decoction (mainly consisting of Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma) and Puerariae Radix (Gegen)), or Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao) and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi) are the main herbs. For Taiyang channel headache (headache of the Hand-Taiyang channel), with phlegm-dampness, heavy body or abdominal pain, constituting Phlegm-Pi syndrome, and a deep and slow pulse, Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu), Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia), and Pinelliae Tuber Preparatum (Nanxing) are the main herbs. For Shaoyin channel headache (headache of the Foot-Shaoyin channel), with cold feet and rebellious Qi, constituting Cold-Jue syndrome, and a deep and fine pulse, Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction (from the Taiyang chapter of Shanghan Lun) is the main formula. For Jueyin channel headache involving the head and nape, or with vomiting of saliva/froth, cold extremities, and a floating and slow pulse, Wuzhuyu Decoction (from the Vomiting chapter of Shanghan Lun) is indicated. For all blood-deficiency headaches, Danggui Radix (Danggui) and Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong) are the main herbs. For all Qi-deficiency headaches, Ginseng Radix (Renshen) and Astragali Radix (Huangqi) are the main herbs. For Qi-and-blood dual deficiency headaches, Zhongyi Yiqi Decoction (from miscellaneous diseases due to overwork) is used with slight additions of Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Viticis Fructus (Manjingzi), and Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin). For Phlegm-Jue headache, Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction (from dizziness in miscellaneous diseases) is used. For Jue-reversal headache, Qianghuo Fuzi Decoction (from headache in miscellaneous diseases) is used. If dampness resides in the head, bitter-emetics should be used; one must not rigidly adhere to a fixed formula. If the pulse is chaotic and symptoms are inconsistent, tonifying the Stomach Qi should be prioritized. A woman suffered from tinnitus, headache, and fatigue due to overexertion; she recovered after taking Buzhong Yiqi Decoction with Ophiopogonis Tuber (Maimen) and Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi). Three years later, after childbirth, due to improper diet and overwork, her previous symptoms worsened, accompanied by irregular menstruation, afternoon fever, internal heat, spontaneous sweating, and night sweats; she was rapidly cured using Liuwei Dihuang Wan and Buzhong Yiqi Decoction. The Classics state: "Headache and tinnitus, with dysfunction of the nine orifices, arise from the intestines and stomach." Therefore, if the Spleen and Stomach are deficient, the ears, eyes, and nine orifices will all suffer pathology. Another woman had pain in the supraorbital ridges spreading to the temporal region, with a blueish complexion and irritability; this was Liver-channel wind-heat syndrome. She was cured using Xuanqi Tang (from headache in miscellaneous diseases) combined with Xiaoyao San (for regulating menstruation), plus Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi), Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tianma), Astragali Radix (Huangqi), Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia), and Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin). If this syndrome is neglected, it often leads to eye damage or purulent discharge from both ears, which is critical.
Xuanfu Flower Decoction: Xu Shuwei stated: Half of women suffering from Headwind disease experience vertigo and dizziness upon onset, feeling as if on a boat or cart. This is due to Blood deficiency and Wind pathogen invading the Liver. I once prescribed Xuanfu Flower Decoction; when prepared and taken, it is far more effective than other medicines.
Ligustri Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, de-rooted), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, de-rooted), Inulae Flos (Xuanfuhua), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, de-seeded), Viticis Fructus (Manjingzi), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, de-rooted), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao), Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix (Ben, de-rooted), Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjiesui), Pinelliae Tuber Praeparatum (Banxiaqu), Rehmanniae Radix (Dihuang), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, honey-fried, each half liang).
Coarsely crush these ingredients. Take five qian per dose, with one and a half sheng of water and five slices of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang). Decoct until seven parts remain, strain, and take warm. Administer twice daily.
Qisheng Pill: Treats eight types of Headwind in men and women, as well as all types of headache, Phlegm-Jue, Qi-Jue, Fluid-Jue, headache due to Cold Damage, and severe headache due to Wind-Cold invasion.
Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Chuanwutou), Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix (Caowutou), Pinelliae Tuber (Nanxing) [these three raw, peeled], Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia, washed in cold water to remove slipperiness), Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao) [all used raw, equal parts].
Grind into fine powder. Mix with fresh juice of Allium tuberosum (Jiucai) to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take seven pills initially, increasing to ten. Chew fresh scallions and tea for delivery. Take after meals, twice daily. (Chen once treated Lady Deng who suffered from crushing headache unresponsive to other medicines; he added Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Beixixin) in equal amounts and reduced Scorpio (Quanxie) by half for pill making. After taking twenty pills, she was immediately cured.)
The Old Man Yaoyin stated: If headache extends to the teeth, occurring intermittently and persisting for years, this is caused by Wind-Cold penetrating the bone marrow and lingering. Since the brain is the sea of marrow, headache causes tooth pain, termed Jue-reversal headache. Use Baofuzi San and moxa at the Qubin acupoint. This point is located above the ear; cover the ear forward to the tip, and apply seven moxa cones. Moxa the left side for left pain, the right side for right pain.
Baofuzi San
Hydrastis Rhizoma (Baofuzi, processed, one liang), Aconiti Radix (Wutou, processed, peeled and de-navelled), Pinelliae Tuber (Nanxing, processed), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, roots and nodes retained, each half liang), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, processed), Cinnabaris (Chensha, ground, each two and a half qian), Scorpio (Quanxie, fried, five specimens), Moschus (Shexiang, separately ground, one zi).
Grind into fine powder. Take one qian per dose, mixed with warm wine. Take at any time.
Treats unbearable Headwind pain.
Niter (Xiaoshi), Human Urine Sediment (Renzhongbai), Borneolum Syntheticum (Naozi) [equal parts].
Grind extremely fine. Apply one zi amount insufflated into the nose.
Chuanxiong Chatiao San: Treats various Wind pathogens attacking upward, causing heavy/dizzy head and eyes, lateral or frontal headache.
Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe, eight liang), Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie, each four liang), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, honey-fried, each two liang), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, one liang).
Grind into powder. Take two qian per dose after meals, mixed with clear tea infusion.
Rusheng Bingzi (from *Taiping Huimin Heji Jufang*): Treats Qi-Jue in men and women, excess above and deficiency below, phlegm-fluid and Wind-Cold lingering in Yang channels, lateral or frontal headache radiating to the vertex, vomiting, nausea, closed eyes, and deafness. Regular use clears the head and eyes, dispels Wind, resolves phlegm, and warms the Stomach.
Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), Raw Pinelliae Tuber (Shengbanxia), Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tianma) [each half liang], Pinelliae Tuber (Nanxing, washed), Aconiti Radix (Chuanwu, peeled and de-pointed), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang) [each one liang], Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, honey-fried, each two liang).
Grind into fine powder. Mix with steamed dough soaked in hot water to form pills the size of Euryale Seed (Qianshi), shaped like flat cakes, and sun-dry. Take five cakes per dose, chew finely with three to five stems of Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjiesui), and swallow with tea, wine, or water. Take at any time.
If headache is accompanied by tendon spasm, heavy bones, shortness of breath, hiccups/belching, abdominal fullness, frequent fright, insomnia, cough, and vexation, with a pulse that is string-taut on light pressure and hard/stony on deep pressure, this is Kidney-Jue headache caused by insufficient Kidney Qi lodging internally and rebellious Qi ascending. Use Yuzhen Wan and Liuhuang Wan.
Yuzhen Wan
Sulfur (Liuhuang, ground, three liang), Niter (Xiaoshi, two fen, ground), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, ground), Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia, washed in decoction, ground, each one liang).
Grind uniformly. Make paste with fresh juice of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang) and form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take thirty pills with Ginger decoction. Another prescription excludes Banxia but includes Pinelliae Tuber (Nanxing).
Liuhuang Wan: Treats unbearable headache, or chronic/sudden Headwind attacks, curing all such conditions and removing the root cause.
Niter (Xiaoshi, one liang), Sulfur (Liuhuang, two liang).
Grind extremely fine. Add drops of water to form pills the size of a finger. Take one pill chewed with wax-tea infusion on an empty stomach. *Baiyi Fang* states: For Heatstroke, take with ice water; relief comes immediately upon swallowing. For Cold injury, take with Mugwort decoction.
The Yu Ling lineage passed down Wang Jinggong’s formula for hemianopia/headache, claiming it is a secret palace prescription. Use fresh juice of Raphani Fructus (Luobo) filled in a clam shell. Lie supine and instill into the nostril corresponding to the pain (left for left, right for right), or into both nostrils. Chronic cases lasting decades are cured with a single application.