滑胎枳壳散 瘦胎易生。湖阳公主每产累日不下，南山道士进此方。
商州枳壳（二两） 粉草（一两）
上为细末，百沸汤点二钱服，空心，日三服。凡怀孕七八个月以上服之，令儿易生，
初生胎小微黑，百日以后，渐渐变白。此虽孙真人滑胎易产方，然抑阳降气，为众方之
冠，此方分两出《必用方》以此为正。一方枳壳六两，甘草一两。（故加枳壳，减甘草，盖
未产人甘草性寒故，而未产前一月，日可三服，忌登高厕。）一方有糯米半升，淘洗控干，同炒为
末，米饮或白汤调下一二钱。温隐居加当归、木香各等分。
张氏方 治妊娠胎肥壅隘，动止艰辛，临月服之，缩胎易产。兼治肠中诸疾，下气宽膈。
枳壳（五两） 甘草（一两半） 香附子（三两，炒去毛）
为末，姜煎汤点亦可。如丈夫妇人冷气攻刺，胁肋疼痛者，用葱白三寸同煎服。妇
人脾寒，血气成块作痛，热酒调服。大小便
不通，白牵牛末煎汤调服。《选奇方》香附子，枳壳（各二两） 甘草（半两。）
内补丸 治妊妇冲任脉虚，补血安胎。
熟地黄（二两） 当归（微炒，一两）
上为细末，炼蜜和丸如梧子大，温酒下三四十丸。
许学士云∶大率妇人妊娠，唯在抑阳助阴。《素问》云∶阴搏阳别，谓之有子。盖关
前为阳，关后为阴，尺中之脉，按之搏手不绝者，妊身也。妇人平居，阳气微盛无害，及
其妊子，则方闭经隧以养胎，若阳气盛，搏之则经脉妄行，胎乃不固，《素问》所谓阴虚
阳搏，谓之崩也。抑阳助阴之方甚多，然胎前药唯恶群队，若阴阳交错，别生他病，唯
是枳壳散所以抑阳，四物汤所以助阴故尔。然枳壳散差寒，若单服之恐有胎寒腹痛之疾，以
内补丸佐之，则阳不致强，阴不致弱，阴阳调停，有益胎嗣，此前人未尝论及也。
易产滑胎散 其药性滑利小便。
以车前子（为末）酒调服方寸匕，不能饮者水调。
《诗》云∶采采 苡，能令妇人乐有子矣。陆机注云∶治妇人产难故也。
神寝丸 瘦胎滑利易产，临入月服之，极有神效。知蕲州施少卿方，蕲州徐太丞传。
通明乳香（别研、半两） 枳壳（一两）
上为细末，炼蜜丸如梧子大，空心温酒吞下三十丸，怀孕九月以后方可服。《崔氏
方》名寐生丸，乳香只二钱半，酒糊丸。
榆白皮散 治妊娠滑胎易生。
榆白皮 甘草（各二两） 葵子（一两）
上为粗末，每服二钱，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓温服。一方无榆皮，名葵子散。
主孕九个月，将产消息。
猪肚（一具全） 如法用葱五味煮熟食，食如不尽，更食，以尽为度。不得与别人食，无效。
保气饮 安胎宽气、进食，瘦胎易产。设或居处失宜，偶然顿仆，胎动胎痛，漏胎下
血，兼服佛手散、（见胎产大法。）神寝丸、枳壳散。（并见上。）此三方，入月内大宜常服。
香附子（四两） 山药（二两） 缩砂仁（一两） 粉草（一两二钱半） 益智仁 紫苏叶（各半两）
木香（四钱）
上为细末，以白汤点服二钱。
无忧散 治妊娠身居富贵，口厌肥甘，忧喜不常，食物不节，既饱便卧，致令胞胎肥
浓，根蒂坚牢，行动艰难，因致临产难生，入月可服无忧散，则易生矣。
当归 川芎 白芍药 枳壳 乳香（各三钱） 木香 甘草 血余（即发灰，以 猪心血和
之，各一钱半）
上为末，每服二钱，水煎，日进两服。
丹溪云∶世之难产者，往往见于郁闷安佚之人，富贵豢养之家，若贫贱辛苦者未有
也。古方书止有瘦胎饮一论，而其方为湖阳公主作也，实非极至之言，何者？见其有用
此方者，其难自若。予表妹苦于难产，后遇胎孕，则触而去之，予甚悯焉。视其形，惟
勤于针指，构思旬日，忽自悟曰∶此正与湖阳公主相反。彼奉养之人，其气必实，耗其
气使平和故易产。今形肥知其气虚，久坐知其不运，必气愈弱，儿在胞胎，因母气不能
自运耳，当补其母之气，则儿健易产矣。令其有孕至五六个月来告，遂于《大全》方紫
苏饮加补气药与数十帖，因得男而甚快，后遂以此方随母形色性禀，参时令加减与之，无
不应者，因名其方曰达生散。
缩胎饮 （即达生散。）
大腹皮（三钱） 人参 陈皮 紫苏茎叶（各五分） 白芍 白术 归身尾（各一钱）
甘草（二钱，炙） 黄杨树脑（七个） 或加枳壳 缩砂 青葱（五叶）
上作一帖，吞下益母丸，临月得二十服易生，产后无病。
按∶丹溪云∶难产死胎，此血气滞病也。
盖此方补中行滞。春加川芎。气虚倍参、术。气实倍香附、陈皮。血虚加当归、地黄。形
实倍紫苏。性急加黄连。热急加黄芩。湿痰加滑石、半夏。食积加山楂。食后易饥加黄
杨脑。腹痛加木香、官桂、黄芩。冬不用芩。
黑神丸 （一名催生丸，一名益母丸。）用益母草研末粥丸，治妇人临月，一日三次服之，用
缩砂饮送下，能催生易产。产后服，能生新血，去旧血，只以白汤送下。虚者煎白术、人
参、陈皮汤送下。
**滑胎枳壳散**：具有使胎儿瘦小、易于分娩的功效。湖阳公主每次生产都历经多日无法产出，南山道士进献此方。
药材及用量：商州产的枳壳（二两），粉草（即甘草，一两）。
制法与服法：将上述药材研成细末，用滚开水冲服二钱，空腹服用，每日三次。凡怀孕七八个月以上者服用，可使胎儿容易出生。初生时胎儿体型微小且肤色微黑，百日之后，逐渐变白。此方虽源自孙思邈的滑胎易产方，但其功效在于抑制阳气、降泄气机，在众多方剂中居首位。本方的剂量出自《必用方》，以此为准。另一版本方剂为枳壳六两，甘草一两。（因此增加枳壳用量，减少甘草用量，因为未生产之人服用性寒的甘草不利，且在预产前一个月，每日可服三次，忌登高或如厕。）另一版本加入糯米半升，淘洗后控干，与药同炒后研末，用米汤或白开水调服一二钱。温隐居在此方基础上加入当归、木香各等分。
**张氏方**：治疗妊娠期间胎儿过大导致胞宫狭窄，孕妇行动起居艰难，于临产前服用，可缩小胎儿体积、易于分娩。兼治肠道各类疾病，具有下气宽胸膈的作用。
药材及用量：枳壳（五两），甘草（一两半），香附子（三两，炒制去毛）。
制法与服法：研成细末，可用生姜煎汤送服亦可。若丈夫或妇人因冷气攻刺导致胁肋疼痛者，用三寸长的葱白同煎服用。妇人患脾寒，气血凝结成块作痛者，用热酒调服。大小便不通者，用白牵牛子末煎汤调服。《选奇方》中的配方为：香附子、枳壳（各二两），甘草（半两）。
**内补丸**：治疗妊妇冲脉和任脉虚弱，具有补血安胎的功效。
药材及用量：熟地黄（二两），当归（微炒，一两）。
制法与服法：研成细末，用炼蜜调和制成如梧桐子大小的丸剂，温酒送服三四十丸。
许学士说：大抵妇女妊娠，关键在于抑制阳气、辅助阴血。《素问》说：“阴脉搏动而阳气有别，称为有孕。”大概关前部位属阳，关后部位属阴，尺部脉象按之搏动有力不绝者，即为怀孕。妇女平时居住，阳气略微偏盛并无害处，但等到怀孕时，身体会封闭经隧以滋养胎儿，如果阳气过盛，搏击经脉则会导致经脉妄行，胎儿就不稳固，《素问》所谓“阴虚阳搏，谓之崩漏”。抑制阳气、辅助阴血的方剂很多，然而产前用药唯独忌讳杂乱无章，如果阴阳交错，会引发其他疾病。唯有枳壳散能抑制阳气，四物汤能辅助阴血，所以如此。然而枳壳散性质偏寒，如果单独服用恐怕会导致胎寒腹痛的疾病，以内补丸作为辅助，则阳气不至于过强，阴血不至于过弱，阴阳调和，有利于胎儿发育，这是前人未曾论述过的。
**易产滑胎散**：其药物性质滑利，通利小便。
用法：用车前子（研末）用酒调服一方寸匕，不能饮酒者用水调服。
《诗经》说：“采采芣苢，能让妇人乐于拥有子女。”陆机注解说：“这是治疗妇人难产的缘故。”
**神寝丸**：使胎儿瘦小、滑利、易于分娩，于临月时服用，极有神效。此方源自蕲州施少卿，由蕲州徐太丞传授。
药材及用量：通明乳香（另研，半两），枳壳（一两）。
制法与服法：研成细末，用炼蜜制成如梧桐子大小的丸剂，空腹用温酒吞服三十丸，怀孕九月以后方可服用。《崔氏方》将其命名为寐生丸，乳香只用二钱半，用酒糊制作丸剂。
**榆白皮散**：治疗妊娠滑胎、易于分娩。
药材及用量：榆白皮，甘草（各二两），葵子（一两）。
制法与服法：研成粗末，每次服用二钱，加水一盏，煎至七分，去渣温服。另一版本没有榆皮，名为葵子散。主治怀孕九个月，即将分娩时的调理。
食疗方：猪肚（一整具），依法用葱和五味调料煮熟食用，如果吃不完，继续吃，直到吃完为止。不得给别人吃，否则无效。
**保气饮**：安胎、宽理气机、增进食欲，使胎儿瘦小、易于分娩。假如居住不当，偶然跌倒，导致胎动胎痛、漏胎下血，兼服佛手散（见胎产大法）、神寝丸、枳壳散（均见上文）。这三方，在入月后非常适宜常服。
药材及用量：香附子（四两），山药（二两），缩砂仁（一两），粉草（一两二钱半），益智仁，紫苏叶（各半两），木香（四钱）。
制法与服法：研成细末，用白开水冲服二钱。
**无忧散**：治疗妊娠期间身居富贵之家，口厌肥甘厚味，情绪忧喜无常，饮食不节制，吃饱就躺卧，导致胞胎肥浓，根基坚牢，行动艰难，因而导致临产难生。入月后可服用无忧散，则易于分娩。
药材及用量：当归，川芎，白芍药，枳壳，乳香（各三钱），木香，甘草，血余（即头发灰，用猪心血拌和，各一钱半）。
制法与服法：研成细末，每次服用二钱，水煎，每日服用两次。
朱丹溪说：世间的难产者，往往出现在郁闷安逸的人身上，富贵豢养的家庭中，贫贱辛苦的人却从未见过。古方书中只有瘦胎饮这一理论，而其方是为湖阳公主所作，确实不是极致的言论，为什么呢？见到有人使用此方，其难产情况依然如故。我的表妹苦于难产，后来遇到怀孕，就触怒而去掉胎儿，我很怜悯她。观察她的形体，只是勤于针线女红，构思了十天半月，忽然自己领悟道：“这正与湖阳公主的情况相反。”那些奉养优渥的人，其气机必然实盛，耗损其气使其平和，所以容易分娩。现在看她形体肥胖，知道其气虚，久坐不动知道其气机不运，必定气更弱，胎儿在胞胎中，因为母体之气不能自行推动所致，应当补益母亲的气，那么胎儿健壮就容易分娩了。让她怀孕到五六个月时来告知，于是从《大全》方中的紫苏饮加入补气药给予数十帖，因此生下男孩且非常愉快，后来便以此方根据母亲的形色禀赋，参酌时令加减给予服用，没有不应验的，因此将此方命名为达生散。
**缩胎饮**（即达生散）。
药材及用量：大腹皮（三钱），人参，陈皮，紫苏茎叶（各五分），白芍，白术，归身尾（各一钱），甘草（二钱，炙），黄杨树脑（七个），或加枳壳、缩砂、青葱（五叶）。
制法与服法：以上为一帖的量，吞服益母丸，临月时服用二十次即可易产，产后无病。
按语：丹溪说：难产死胎，这是血气滞涩的疾病。
大概此方能补中行滞。春季加川芎。气虚加倍用人参、白术。气实加倍用香附、陈皮。血虚加当归、地黄。形体实盛加倍用紫苏。性情急躁加黄连。热急加黄芩。湿痰加滑石、半夏。食积加山楂。食后易饥加黄杨脑。腹痛加木香、官桂、黄芩。冬季不用黄芩。
**黑神丸**（一名催生丸，一名益母丸）。用益母草研末，用粥制作丸剂，治疗妇人临月，一日三次服用，用缩砂饮送下，能催生易产。产后服用，能生成新血，去除旧血，只用白开水送下。体虚者用煎煮的白术、人参、陈皮汤送下。
**Huatai Zhike San (Slippery Fetus Bitter Orange Decoction)**: It has the effect of making the fetus slender and facilitating delivery. Princess Huyang experienced prolonged labor for many days without delivering on each occasion, until a Daoist priest from Nanshan presented this prescription.
Ingredients: Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit) sourced from Shangzhou (2 liang), Fencǎo (Licorice Root) (1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a fine powder. Take 2 qian mixed with boiling water, on an empty stomach, three times daily. For those pregnant for seven to eight months or more, taking this will facilitate the birth of the child. The newborn will be small in size and slightly dark-skinned, gradually turning white after one hundred days. Although this formula originates from Sun Simiao’s prescription for slippery fetus and easy delivery, its mechanism lies in suppressing Yang and descending Qi, ranking it among the best of all formulas. The dosages are based on *Bi Yong Fang* (Must-Use Formulas), which is considered standard. Another version uses 6 liang of Zhike and 1 liang of Gancao. (Therefore, Zhike is increased and Gancao is decreased, because Gancao is cold in nature and unsuitable for women before delivery; however, one month before delivery, it can be taken three times daily, avoiding climbing heights or using the toilet.) Another version adds 0.5 sheng of glutinous rice, washed and dried, stir-fried with the herbs, then ground into powder. Take 1–2 qian mixed with rice water or plain boiled water. Wen Yiju added Danggui (Angelica Sinensis) and Muxiang (Aucklandia Root) in equal proportions.
**Zhang Shi Fang (Dr. Zhang's Prescription)**: Treats excessive fetal growth during pregnancy causing uterine constriction, leading to difficulty in movement and daily activities. Taken near term, it reduces fetal size and facilitates delivery. It also treats various intestinal disorders, descending Qi and widening the chest diaphragm.
Ingredients: Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit) (5 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root) (1.5 liang), Xiangfuzi (Cyperi Rhizoma) (3 liang, stir-fried and de-hairy).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder. Can be taken with ginger decoction. If husbands or wives suffer from piercing pain in the hypochondrium due to cold qi, boil with 3 cun of scallion white and take. For women with spleen cold where blood and qi form masses causing pain, take mixed with hot wine. For obstruction of urination and defecation, take mixed with decoction of Baiqianniu (White Morning Glory Seed) powder. In *Xuan Qi Fang*, the formula consists of Xiangfuzi and Zhike (2 liang each), Gancao (0.5 liang).
**Neibu Wan (Internal Tonifying Pill)**: Treats deficiency of the Chong and Ren meridians in pregnant women, nourishing blood and calming the fetus.
Ingredients: Shudihuang (Prepared Rehmannia Root) (2 liang), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis) (lightly stir-fried, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder, mix with refined honey to make pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 30–40 pills with warm wine.
Scholar Xu stated: Generally, for pregnant women, the key lies in suppressing Yang and assisting Yin. *Suwen* states: "When the Yin pulse is vigorous and distinct from Yang, it indicates pregnancy." Roughly speaking, the area anterior to the guan position belongs to Yang, and the area posterior belongs to Yin. When the chi pulse feels vigorous and unceasing upon pressure, it indicates pregnancy. When a woman is at rest, slight excess of Yang qi is harmless. However, upon conception, the body closes the meridians to nourish the fetus. If Yang qi is excessive, it clashes with the meridians, causing erratic flow and fetal instability. As *Suwen* says: "Yin deficiency with Yang hyperactivity leads to metrorrhagia." There are many prescriptions to suppress Yang and assist Yin. However, prenatal medications should avoid chaotic combinations; if Yin and Yang are intermixed, other diseases may arise. Only Zhike San suppresses Yang, and Siwu Tang assists Yin, hence their use. However, Zhike San is slightly cold; taking it alone may cause fetal coldness and abdominal pain. By supplementing with Neibu Wan, Yang will not be too strong, and Yin will not be too weak. Yin and Yang will be balanced, benefiting the offspring. This was a point previously unaddressed by predecessors.
**Yichan Huatai San (Easy Delivery Slippery Fetus Powder)**: Its medicinal properties are slippery and promote urination.
Usage: Take Cheqianzi (Plantago Seed) powder mixed with wine, one fangcun bi (a measure equivalent to a square inch spoonful). For those who cannot drink wine, mix with water.
The *Classic of Poetry* states: "Gathering plantains brings joy to women having children." Lu Ji’s commentary notes: "This is used to treat difficult childbirth in women."
**Shenqin Wan (Divine Sleep Pill)**: Makes the fetus slender, slippery, and easy to deliver. Take it in the final month; it shows miraculous effects. This prescription comes from Vice Prefect Shi of Qizhou, transmitted by Grand Attendant Xu of Qizhou.
Ingredients: Tongming Ruxiang (Frankincense) (separately ground, 0.5 liang), Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit) (1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder, mix with refined honey to make pills the size of wutong seeds. Swallow 30 pills with warm wine on an empty stomach. Can only be taken after the ninth month of pregnancy. In *Cui Shi Fang*, it is named Meisheng Wan, using only 2.5 qian of Ruxiang, made into pills with wine paste.
**Yubai Pi San (Elm Bark Powder)**: Treats slippery fetus and easy delivery during pregnancy.
Ingredients: Yubai Pi (Ulmi Cortex) (2 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root) (2 liang), Kuizi (Abelmoschus Seeds) (1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into coarse powder. Take 2 qian per dose, add one zhan of water, decoct to 0.7 zhan, remove dregs, and take warm. Another version omits elm bark and is named Kuizi San. It is indicated for managing the ninth month of pregnancy approaching term.
Dietary Therapy: One whole pig stomach. Cook thoroughly with scallions and five flavors. Eat until finished. Do not share with others, or it will be ineffective.
**Baoqi Yin (Qi-Safeguarding Infusion)**: Calms the fetus, regulates Qi, promotes appetite, makes the fetus slender, and facilitates delivery. If improper living conditions lead to accidental falls, causing fetal movement, abdominal pain, or threatened miscarriage with bleeding, concurrently take Foshe San (see Major Principles of Obstetrics), Shenqin Wan, and Zhike San (see above). These three formulas are highly suitable for regular consumption in the final month.
Ingredients: Xiangfuzi (Cyperi Rhizoma) (4 liang), Shanyao (Dioscorea Rhizome) (2 liang), Suosharen (Amomum Fruit) (1 liang), Fencǎo (Licorice Root) (1.25 liang), Yizhiren (Alpinia Oxyphylla Fruit), Zisuye (Perilla Leaf) (0.5 liang each), Muxiang (Aucklandia Root) (0.4 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder. Take 2 qian mixed with plain boiled water.
**Wuyou San (Carefree Powder)**: Treats pregnant women from wealthy backgrounds who consume rich and sweet foods excessively, experience emotional volatility, have irregular eating habits, and lie down immediately after meals. This causes the placenta/fetus to become overly large and firmly rooted, leading to difficult movement and difficult labor at term. Taking Wuyou San in the final month facilitates delivery.
Ingredients: Danggui (Angelica Sinensis), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Rhizome), Baishaoyao (White Peony Root), Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit), Ruxiang (Frankincense) (3 qian each), Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), Gancao (Licorice Root), Xueyu (Hair Ash, mixed with pig heart blood) (1.5 qian each).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder. Take 2 qian per dose, decoct with water, twice daily.
Zhu Danxi stated: Difficult childbirth often occurs in people who are depressed and idle, specifically those raised in wealth and luxury. It is rarely seen in the poor and hardworking. Ancient texts only discuss the theory of Shoutai Yin (Slimming Fetus Infusion), and its formula was created for Princess Huyang, which is indeed not the ultimate truth. Why? Because some who used this formula still experienced difficulty. My cousin suffered from difficult childbirth and terminated subsequent pregnancies out of fear; I pitied her greatly. Observing her physique, she was diligent in needlework. After pondering for ten days, I suddenly realized: "Her condition is exactly opposite to Princess Huyang’s." Those with luxurious lifestyles have robust Qi; dissipating their excess Qi makes them平和 (balanced), thus facilitating delivery. Now, seeing her obese physique indicates Qi deficiency; sedentary behavior indicates stagnant Qi transport, meaning her Qi is even weaker. The fetus relies on the mother's Qi for movement. Therefore, tonifying the mother's Qi will strengthen the fetus and facilitate delivery. She reported back when 5–6 months pregnant. I prescribed dozens of doses of Zisu Yin (Perilla Infusion) from *Daquan* with added Qi-tonifying herbs. She delivered a healthy boy with great ease. Later, I adjusted this formula according to the mother’s physique, constitution, and seasonal changes, achieving consistent success. Thus, I named it Dasheng San.
**Suotai Yin (Fetus-Shrinking Infusion)** (Also known as Dasheng San).
Ingredients: Dafupi (Areca Peel) (3 qian), Renshen (Ginseng), Chenpi (Citrus Reticulata Peel), Zisu Jingye (Perilla Stem and Leaf) (0.5 fen each), Baishao (White Peony Root), Baizhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Guishenwei (Angelica Sinensis Root Tip) (1 qian each), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried) (2 qian), Huangyangshunao (Buxus Seed/Kernel) (7 units). Alternatively, add Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit), Suosha (Amomum Fruit), Qingcong (Scallion) (5 leaves).
Preparation and Administration: Prepare as one dose. Swallow with Yimu Wan (Motherwort Pill). Taking twenty doses near term facilitates delivery, leaving the mother disease-free postpartum.
Note: Danxi stated: Difficult childbirth and retained dead fetus are diseases of Qi and Blood stagnation.
This formula tonifies the middle and resolves stagnation. Add Chuanxiong in spring. Double Renshen and Baizhu for Qi deficiency. Double Xiangfu and Chenpi for Qi excess. Add Danggui and Dihuang for Blood deficiency. Double Zisu for physical robustness. Add Huanglian for irritability. Add Huangqin for heat urgency. Add Huashi (Talcum) and Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) for damp-phlegm. Add Shanzha (Hawthorn) for food stagnation. Add Huangyangnao for postprandial hunger. Add Muxiang, Guigui (Cinnamon Bark), and Huangqin for abdominal pain. Do not use Huangqin in winter.
**Heishen Wan (Black Divine Pill)** (Also called Cuisheng Wan [Urging Birth Pill] or Yimu Wan [Motherwort Pill]). Made by grinding Motherwort (Yimucao) into powder and binding with congee. Treats women near term; take three times daily, delivered via Suosha Yin (Amomum Infusion). It induces birth and facilitates delivery. Postpartum use generates new blood and removes old blood; take with plain boiled water. For deficiency, take with decoction of Baizhu, Renshen, and Chenpi.