欲产之妇脉离经（《难经》云∶一呼三至曰离经。此是阳加于阴二倍。一呼一至亦曰离
经，此是阴加于阳四倍也。注云∶经者常也，谓脉离常经之处。细而言之，一呼脉再至，一
吸脉再至，曰平和之脉。故一呼脉行三寸，一吸脉行三寸，呼吸定息，脉行六寸。一日一夜
，一万三千五百息，脉行八百一十丈，乃为一周，复从始之经再行。今一呼脉三至，一吸脉
三至，呼吸定息，脉行九寸。一日一夜，脉行通计一千二百一十五丈，过于平脉之数，不在
所起之经再起，故曰离经。若一呼一至，脉行寸半；一吸一至，脉行寸半；呼吸定息，脉行
三寸。一日一夜，通计脉行得四百单五丈，乃为一周，是不及平脉之数。周而复始，亦不在
所起之经再起，亦曰离经也）。沉细而滑也同名。（临产之妇，脉见沉细而滑者，乃肾脏本脉
之形。然肾系胞胎，见此脉者，亦与离经之脉同名也）夜半觉痛应分诞，来日日午定知生。
（若妊妇夜半时觉得腹痛，定知来日午时当分娩也。《圣惠方》云∶夜半子时觉腹痛，来日
午时必定生产。谓子午相对，正半日时数也）身重体热寒又频，舌下之脉黑复青。反舌上冷
子当死，腹中须遣母归冥。（凡妊妇身体沉重者，胃气绝也。又体热寒栗频并者，阳气衰，
阴气盛也。若舌根下脉见黑青色及舌反卷上，冰冷不温者，子母俱死之候）面赤舌青细寻看，
母活子死定应难。（凡妊妇面色赤是荣气流通，母活之候；舌上青色是妊脉络绝，胎死之候）
唇口俱青沫又出，子母俱死总高判。（若妊妇唇口俱青色者，荣卫气绝也。又口中吐出痰沫
者，是脾胃之气俱绝，此是子母俱死之候也）面青舌青沫出频，母死子活定知真。不信若能
看应验，寻之贤哲不虚陈。（凡妊妇面与舌皆青色又频生痰沫者，是产母荣卫俱绝，胎气冲
上之候。此是子活母死之候，产下子，母必死也。此古贤哲应验之文，不虚妄陈其说也）。
新产之脉缓活吉，实大弦急死来亲，（凡妇人新产之后，其脉来缓滑者，为气血通和，是生
活安吉之兆也。若见实大弦急之脉则凶，必死之脉）若得沉重小者吉，忽若坚牢命不停。（若
产妇诊得沉重微小者，此是形虚脉虚相应，故云吉兆之脉。忽然诊得坚硬牢实之脉，是脉盛
形衰相反，性命不可停留，必死也）寸口涩疾不调死。（若产后诊得寸口脉涩疾、大小不调
匀者，此是血气衰绝之脉，故云死也）。沉细附骨不绝生。（若重手按之乃得，其脉沉细附着
于骨，不断绝有力者，此生活之兆也。）审看此候分明记，长须念此向心经。（凡为医者，宜
详审脉分明，记于心胸也。）
王子亨云∶凡产后诸疾，最忌脉大。
临产妇女的脉象出现“离经”脉（《难经》记载：一呼之间脉搏跳动三次称为离经。这是阳气叠加在阴气上，达到两倍的程度。一呼之间脉搏跳动一次也称为离经，这是阴气叠加在阳气上，达到四倍的程度。注释说：经，指常度。所谓离经，是指脉象偏离了正常的规律。详细来说，一呼脉搏跳动两次，一吸脉搏跳动两次，这叫做平和之脉。因此，一呼脉搏运行三寸，一吸脉搏运行三寸，呼吸交替定息时，脉搏共运行六寸。一天一夜，一万三千五百次呼吸，脉搏运行八百一十丈，这才完成一个循环，重新从起始的经脉再次运行。现在如果一呼脉搏跳动三次，一吸脉搏跳动三次，呼吸交替定息时，脉搏共运行九寸。一天一夜，脉搏总共运行一千二百一十五丈，超过了平和脉的数值，不再从起始的经脉重新开始循环，所以称为离经。如果一呼脉搏跳动一次，脉搏运行一寸半；一吸脉搏跳动一次，脉搏运行一寸半；呼吸交替定息时，脉搏共运行三寸。一天一夜，脉搏总共运行四百零五丈，这才完成一个循环，这不及平和脉的数值。周而复始，也不再从起始的经脉重新开始循环，这也称为离经）。沉细而滑的脉象也被称为同名（临产的妇女，脉象呈现沉细而滑，这是肾脏本来的脉象形态。然而肾系连着胞胎，见到这种脉象，也与离经的脉象名称相同）。半夜感到疼痛应当预示分娩，次日中午必定知道生产（如果孕妇在半夜时分感到腹痛，必定知道第二天中午时分将会分娩。《圣惠方》记载：半夜子时感到腹痛，第二天午时必定生产。这是因为子时和午时相对，正好是半个白昼的时间长度）。身体沉重、发热且频繁发冷，舌下静脉颜色黑且青。舌头反卷且冰冷胎儿就会死亡，腹中必须导致母亲进入冥界（凡是孕妇身体沉重的，是胃气断绝的表现。另外身体发热且频繁寒战发抖的，是阳气衰弱，阴气盛行的表现。如果舌根下的静脉呈现黑青色，以及舌头反卷向上，冰冷不温暖的，是母子俱死的征候）。面色赤红、舌头青色仔细查看，母亲存活胎儿死亡必定难以挽救（凡是孕妇面色赤红是营气流通，母亲存活的征候；舌头上青色是妊娠脉络断绝，胎儿死亡的征候）。嘴唇和口部都发青且流出泡沫，母子俱死总体可以判定（如果孕妇嘴唇和口部都呈青色，是营卫之气断绝的表现。另外口中吐出痰沫的，是脾胃之气全部断绝，这是母子俱死的征候）。面色青、舌头青且频繁吐沫，母亲死亡胎儿存活必定真实。如果不相信若能观察验证，寻找古代贤哲之言不会虚妄陈述（凡是孕妇面部和舌头都呈青色又频繁产生痰沫的，是产妇营卫之气全部断绝，胎气冲上的征候。这是子活母死的征候，生下孩子后，母亲必定死亡。这是古代贤哲应验的文字，不是虚妄地陈述其说法）。新产后的脉象缓和流利为吉兆，实大弦急的脉象死神临近（凡是妇人新产之后，脉象来势缓滑的，是气血通和，是生活安吉的征兆。如果见到实大弦急的脉象则凶险，是必死的脉象）。如果得到沉重微小的脉象为吉兆，忽然变得坚硬牢靠性命难保（如果产妇诊得沉重微小的脉象，这是形体虚弱与脉象虚弱相应，所以说这是吉兆的脉象。忽然诊得坚硬牢实的脉象，是脉象盛大与形体衰弱相反，性命不可停留，必定死亡）。寸口脉涩疾不调匀会死亡（如果产后诊得寸口脉涩疾、大小不调匀的，这是血气衰绝的脉象，所以说会死亡）。沉细按至骨部不断绝可生还（如果重手按压才能取得，脉象沉细附着于骨，不断绝有力量的，这是生存的征兆）。仔细审察这些征候分明记录，长久以来要铭记于心经（凡是作为医生，应该详细审察脉象分明，记在心中）。
王子亨说：凡是产后各种疾病，最忌讳脉象宏大。
The pulse of a woman about to give birth shows the "Li Jing" pulse (The *Nan Jing* states: Three beats per exhalation are called Li Jing. This is Yang superimposed on Yin, doubling the rate. One beat per exhalation is also called Li Jing; this is Yin superimposed on Yin, quadrupling the rate. The annotation explains: "Jing" refers to the constant norm. "Li Jing" means the pulse has deviated from its normal course. Specifically, two beats per exhalation and two beats per inhalation constitute a harmonious pulse. Thus, with each exhalation, the pulse travels three cun; with each inhalation, it travels three cun. At the pause between breaths, the pulse travels six cun. In one day and night, through 13,500 breaths, the pulse travels 810 zhang, completing one cycle before restarting from the origin. If now there are three beats per exhalation and three per inhalation, the pulse travels nine cun at the pause. In one day and night, it travels 1,215 zhang, exceeding the number of the harmonious pulse, failing to restart from the origin, hence called Li Jing. If there is one beat per exhalation, traveling one and a half cun; and one beat per inhalation, traveling one and a half cun; at the pause, it travels three cun. In one day and night, it travels only 405 zhang to complete a cycle, falling short of the harmonious pulse's measure. Restarting cyclically but not from the origin, this is also called Li Jing). A deep, fine, and slippery pulse shares the same name (In a woman in labor, a deep, fine, and slippery pulse reflects the native pulse shape of the Kidney. Since the Kidney connects to the uterus, seeing this pulse is also named similarly to the Li Jing pulse). Pain felt at midnight indicates delivery will occur; by noon the next day, birth is certain (If a pregnant woman feels abdominal pain at midnight, she will surely deliver at noon the following day. The *Shenghui Fang* states: Abdominal pain at Zi hour (midnight) guarantees delivery at Wu hour (noon). This is because Zi and Wu hours are opposite, marking exactly half a day). Heavy body, fever, and frequent chills; black and green veins under the tongue. A reversed cold tongue indicates fetal death; the mother must enter the underworld (A heavy body in pregnancy indicates the exhaustion of Stomach Qi. Frequent fever and chills indicate declining Yang and flourishing Yin. Black-green veins under the tongue root, along with a tongue that curls back and is cold, signify the death of both mother and child). Red face and cyan tongue require careful examination; the mother lives, the fetus dies, and rescue is difficult (A red face in pregnancy indicates circulating Ying Qi, a sign the mother lives; a cyan tongue indicates severed pregnancy vessels and fetal death). Cyan lips and mouth with frothy discharge; both mother and child die, a definitive judgment (Cyan lips and mouth indicate the exhaustion of Ying and Wei Qi. Frothy sputum indicates the total exhaustion of Spleen and Stomach Qi; this is a sign of death for both mother and child). Cyan face and tongue with frequent froth; mother dies, fetus lives, truly so. If you do not believe, observe the verification; the words of ancient sages are not stated in vain (A cyan face and tongue with frequent froth indicate the exhaustion of the mother's Ying and Wei Qi and upward rushing of fetal Qi. This is a sign of a living fetus and a dying mother; after delivering the child, the mother will die. These are verified texts from ancient sages, not false statements). After new birth, a slow and active pulse is auspicious; solid, large, wiry, and rapid pulses bring death near (After childbirth, a slow and slippery pulse indicates harmonious Qi and Blood, an omen of safety. A solid, large, wiry, and rapid pulse is ominous, indicating inevitable death). A heavy and small pulse is auspicious; suddenly hard and firm, life cannot be sustained (A heavy and small pulse after birth indicates correspondence between weak form and weak pulse, an auspicious sign. Suddenly finding a hard and firm pulse indicates excessive pulse strength against weak form, meaning life cannot be sustained, leading to death). A choppy and rapid, irregular pulse at the Cun Kou indicates death (A choppy, rapid, and irregular pulse at the Cun Kou after birth indicates the exhaustion of Qi and Blood, leading to death). Deep and fine, adhering to bone without ceasing indicates survival (A pulse found only with heavy pressure, deep and fine, adhering to the bone, yet unceasing and forceful, is a sign of life). Carefully examine these signs and record them clearly; always keep them in your heart (Physicians should carefully examine the pulse clearly and memorize it in their hearts).
Wang Ziheng said: In all postpartum diseases, a large pulse is most taboo.