凡妇人妊娠之后以至临月,脏腑壅塞,关节不利,切不可多睡,须时时行步。不宜食
粘硬难化之物,不可多饮酒,不可乱服汤药,亦不可妄行针灸。须宽神,减思虑,不得负重
或登高涉险。若偶然胎不安、腰痛者,须服安胎药一、二服,得安即止。周 论曰∶生产虽
然触秽排比,须要在先入月一日,贴产图并日游胎杀所在,并借地法于妊妇房内北壁上,仍
根据位设床帐,浓铺茵蓐,周密使无孔窍。夏月亦铺浓荐,用好油单薄席、纱帐以备之,常焚
香令洁净,备办汤药器物。既觉欲产,不得喧哄;人力杂乱,大小怆惶,惊动产妇。宜预择
年高历练生婆一人,并稳当曾经惯妇人一、二人扶持,不得挥霍,恐产妇忧惊。又忌闲杂外
人,并丧孝、秽触之人看视,切不得惊动伤早。若坐婆拙,不能体候,胎气方转动之际,便
为欲生。多端下手,惊动伤早,则横、倒之忧从此而致也。
《产宝方》云∶妊娠欲产,腹虽痛而腰不甚痛者,未产也,且令扶行熟忍。如行不得则
凭物扶立,行得又行。或衣浆先下,然后作阵腰腹痛,眼中如火生,此是胎离肾经,儿逼产
门也。即服催生药一、二服,即扶人蓐草,切不可坐草早。务要产妇用力,存养调停,亦令
坐婆先说谕之。如觉心中烦闷,可取白蜜一匙,用新汲水调下。或觉饥,即吃软饭或粥少许
亦须预备,勿令饥渴,恐产妇无力困乏也。若不饥渴,亦不须强食。大凡生产自有时候,
不可强服催生、滑胎等药。或因坐草早,势不获已则服之。若无事强服,恐变生他疾,又须
戒之。
凡是妇女怀孕之后直到临产月份,脏腑气机壅滞阻塞,关节活动不利,切不可长时间睡眠,必须时常走动。不宜食用粘腻坚硬难以消化的食物,不可过量饮酒,不可随意服用汤药,也不可乱施针灸。必须保持精神宽舒,减少思虑,不得背负重物或登高涉险。如果偶然出现胎动不安、腰痛的情况,须服用一两服安胎药,症状缓解即停止。周氏论述说:分娩虽然需要接触污秽并做各种准备,但必须在进入妊娠月的一日(即预产期前一日),张贴产图以及“日游胎杀”(指每日在子宫不同部位游走的煞气位置)所在方位,并将借地法(一种择吉避凶的方法)贴在孕妇房间北壁上,仍然根据方位设置床帐,厚铺草席褥垫,严密周到使无孔洞缝隙。夏季也要铺厚草荐,准备好用油纸浸过的薄席和纱帐以备不时之需,经常焚香以保持洁净,备好汤药器具。既然感觉到要生产,不得喧哗哄闹;人力杂乱,大小惊慌失措,惊吓到待产的产妇。应当预先选择一位年高且有经验的接生婆一人,以及一两位稳重、有过惯常接生经验的妇人扶持,不得慌乱挥霍,恐怕产妇忧虑惊恐。又忌讳闲杂外人,以及丧孝之家、身上有秽气之人来看视,切不可以此惊动导致早产。如果坐婆笨拙,不能体察候诊,在胎气刚刚转动之际,就认为是快要生了。多方插手,惊动导致早产,那么横位、倒位的忧患便由此产生。
《产宝方》说:妊娠将要生产时,腹部虽然疼痛但腰部不很痛的,是尚未真正临产,暂且让产妇扶着行走,忍耐适应。如果走不动,就依靠物体站立,能走再走。或者衣浆(羊水)先流出,然后出现阵发性的腰腹痛,眼中感觉如火燃烧,这是胎儿离开肾经,逼近产门的表现。此时服用一两服催生药,随即扶产妇上草席躺好,切不可过早坐在草席上用力。务必让产妇积蓄力量,存养调停,也让坐婆事先告知说明。如果感觉心中烦闷,可取白蜜一匙,用新打的井水调服。或者觉得饥饿,就吃少许软饭或粥,也必须预备好,不要让产妇饥渴,恐怕产妇无力困乏。如果不饥不渴,也不须强行进食。大凡生产自有其时候,不可强行服用催生、滑胎等药物。或者因为过早坐在草席上,形势不得已才服用。如果没有情况而强行服用,恐怕变生其他疾病,也必须戒除。
For any woman after conception until the month of delivery, the zang-fu organs are congested and obstructed, and the joints are not smooth in movement. She must not sleep for long periods but should walk frequently. It is inappropriate to consume sticky, hard, or indigestible foods; excessive alcohol consumption is forbidden; decoctions should not be taken indiscriminately; and acupuncture and moxibustion should not be performed arbitrarily. One must maintain a relaxed spirit, reduce worry and overthinking, avoid carrying heavy loads, or climbing heights and traversing dangerous terrain. If there is occasional fetal unrest or lower back pain, one should take one or two doses of fetal-calming medicine (An Tai Yao) and stop once calm is restored. Zhou stated: Although childbirth involves contact with filth and requires various preparations, on the first day of the predicted month of delivery, one must post the birth chart and the location of the "Daily Wandering Fetal Sha" (a concept referring to daily shifting harmful influences in the uterus), as well as apply the method of borrowing earth fortune (Jie Di Fa, a geomantic practice for safe delivery) on the north wall of the pregnant woman's room. The bed and curtains should be set up according to these positions, with thick mats and bedding laid down densely and securely, ensuring no gaps exist. In summer, thick straw mats should also be used, along with oiled thin mats and gauze curtains prepared for use. Incense should be burned regularly to keep the environment clean, and medicinal decoctions and utensils should be ready. Once labor begins, there must be no noise or commotion; chaotic personnel and panic among family members can frighten the parturient woman. One should pre-select an elderly, experienced midwife, along with one or two steady women familiar with childbirth to assist, avoiding frantic behavior that might cause anxiety and fear in the mother. Idlers, people from mourning households, or those considered unclean should be kept away from viewing, lest they cause premature labor through shock. If the midwife is incompetent and fails to properly assess the situation, mistaking the initial movement of fetal qi for imminent birth, and interferes prematurely, causing shock and early expulsion, complications such as breech or transverse lie may arise.
The *Chanbao Fang* (Prescriptions for Obstetrics) states: When pregnancy approaches term, if the abdomen hurts but the lower back does not hurt significantly, true labor has not yet begun. The woman should be encouraged to walk while supporting herself and endure the sensation. If she cannot walk, she should lean against objects to stand; if she can walk, she should continue walking. If the amniotic fluid (described here as "clothing paste") breaks first, followed by rhythmic lower back and abdominal pain, and a sensation of fire in the eyes, this indicates the fetus has detached from the Kidney meridian and is pressing against the birth canal. At this point, one or two doses of labor-inducing medicine should be administered, and the woman should be helped onto the birthing mat. One must absolutely avoid sitting on the mat too early. It is essential to conserve the mother's strength, allow her to rest and regulate her breathing, and the midwife should explain this beforehand. If the mother feels mental restlessness, one spoonful of white honey mixed with fresh well water can be taken. If hungry, a small amount of soft rice or porridge should be eaten. Supplies must be prepared so the mother does not suffer from hunger or thirst, which could lead to weakness and exhaustion. If neither hungry nor thirsty, forcing food is unnecessary. Generally, childbirth occurs at its own appointed time; one should not forcibly administer labor-inducing or slippery-uterus drugs. These may only be used if necessary due to premature positioning on the mat. Taking them without indication may cause other diseases, so caution is required.