夫健忘者。陡然而忘其事也。尽心力思量不来。为事有始无终。言谈不知首尾。盖主于
心脾二
经。心之官则思。脾之官亦主思。此由思虑过度。伤心则血耗散。神不守舍。伤脾则胃气衰
惫。而疾愈深。二者皆主人事。则卒然而忘也。盖心主血。因而少而不能养其真脏。或停饮
而气郁以生痰。气既滞。脾不得舒。是病皆作。治之必须先养其心血。理其脾土。凝神定智
之剂。日以调理。亦当以幽闲之处。安乐之中。使其绝于忧惫。远其六欲七情。如此渐安矣
一论思虑伤脾。不能摄血。致血妄行。或吐或下。或健忘怔忡。惊悸不寐。发热盗汗。
或心
脾伤痛。嗜卧少食。大便不调。或血虚发热。或肢体重痛。妇人月经不调。赤白带下。或晡
热内热。瘰 流注。不能消耗溃敛。或思虑伤脾。而作疟痢。
归脾汤 主方。
人参(三钱) 黄 (二钱) 白术(一钱五分) 白茯苓(三钱) 当归(三钱) 远志(一钱
甘草水泡去心) 龙眼肉(十枚) 酸枣仁(三钱炒) 木香(八分) 甘草(六分炙)
上锉。姜、枣煎服。加柴胡、附子。名加味归脾汤。神不宁而健忘。倍酸枣仁、茯神、
当归。加柏子仁。
一论诸虚健忘。及惊悸怔忡等症。
加减补心汤
人参 白茯苓 陈皮 白芍(酒炒) 远志(甘草水泡去心) 酸枣仁(炒) 知母 白术
生地黄 当归 石菖蒲 麦门冬(去心) 黄柏(酒炒) 甘草
上锉。姜、枣煎服。
一论宁心保神。益血固精。壮力强志。令人不忘。清三焦。化痰涎。祛烦热。疗咽干。
除惊悸。定怔忡。育养心神。大补元气。读书劳神。勤政劳心。并宜服之。
天王补心丹 大中丞松石刘公传。加石菖蒲、百部、杜仲、甘草。
怀生地(四两) 天门冬(去心) 桔梗(各五钱) 当归 柏子仁 酸枣仁(炒) 五味子(
各一
两) 麦门冬(去心) 远志(甘草水泡去心) 白茯苓(去皮) 元参 丹参 人参(各一两)
一方。加酒炒黄连五钱。
上为末。炼蜜为丸如梧子大。朱砂为衣。每服二三十丸。临卧。灯心、竹叶煎汤送下。
灯心、枣汤亦可。如饮食不思。大便不实。恐不宜也。又当服后方。
安神定志丸 功同补心丸。
人参(一两五钱) 白术(去芦炒) 白茯苓(去皮) 白茯神(去心) 远志(甘草水泡去心)
石菖蒲(去毛忌铁) 酸枣仁(炒各一两) 麦门冬(去心一两) 牛黄(另研一钱) 辰砂(二钱
五分水飞为衣)
上为细末。元眼肉四两熬膏。和炼蜜三四两为丸。如梧子大。辰砂为衣。每服三十丸。
清米汤送。不拘时。日三服。
一论凡人多识不忘者。心血足而无所蔽也。若心血不足。邪气蔽之。则伤虚灵之体。而
学问易
忘矣。龟介虫之灵物也。龙鳞虫之灵物也。假二物之灵。以养心之灵。欲其同气相求云尔。
远志辛温味浓。辛温可使入心。味浓可使养阴。菖蒲味辛气温。味辛则利窍。气温则通神。
以之而治易忘。斯近理矣。
聪明丸 春元周用廷经验。
败龟甲(炙酥) 龙骨(入鸡腹中煮一宿) 远志(去心苗) 石菖蒲(九节者各等分)
上为末。每服一钱。酒调下。日三服。
一论读书辛苦。而有房劳者。
当归 生地黄 白术 元参(各一钱) 川芎 白芍 白茯苓 黄柏(酒炒) 知母(酒炒)
麦门冬(去心) 山栀(炒) 甘草(各五分)
上锉一剂。生姜煎服。
一论癫狂健忘失志。及恍惚惊怖入心。神不守舍。多言不定。一切真气虚损。用紫河车
入补
药内服之。大能安神养气宁志。治健忘惊悸怔忡不寐。用六味丸。加远志、石菖蒲、人参、
白茯神、当归、酸枣仁炒。
一论诸虚健忘等症。以十全大补汤。去川芎、肉桂、黄 。加陈皮、远志、石菖蒲、麦
门冬、酸枣仁、黄柏、知母。
健忘,是指突然忘记某件事情。费尽心力也无法回想起来。做事有头无尾,说话不知首尾连贯。这主要与心和脾两条经脉有关。心的功能主司思考,脾的功能也主司思考。这是由于思虑过度,损伤心脏导致血液耗散,神志不能安守于内;损伤脾脏则导致胃气衰弱疲惫,病情因而加深。这两者都与人情世事有关,所以会突然遗忘。大概心主血,如果心血亏少而不能滋养真脏,或者体内停聚水饮导致气机郁滞而生痰,气机既已阻滞,脾脏不得舒展,这些病症都会发生。治疗时必须先滋养心血,调理脾土,使用凝神定智的药物,每日进行调理。同时也应当在幽静闲适的地方,安乐的环境中生活,使其远离忧愁疲惫,断绝六欲七情,这样逐渐就能安宁。
另一篇论述:思虑损伤脾脏,不能统摄血液,导致血液妄行。出现吐血或便血,或者健忘、怔忡(心中悸动不安),惊悸失眠,发热盗汗,或者心脾疼痛,嗜睡少食,大便不调,或者血虚发热,或者肢体沉重疼痛,妇女月经不调,赤白带下,或者傍晚潮热、内热,瘰疬流注,不能消散溃破收敛,或者因思虑伤脾而引发疟疾痢疾。
归脾汤 作为主方。
人参(三钱) 黄芪(二钱) 白术(一钱五分) 白茯苓(三钱) 当归(三钱) 远志(甘草水泡过,去心) 龙眼肉(十枚) 酸枣仁(三钱,炒) 木香(八分) 甘草(六分,炙)
以上药材切碎,加生姜、大枣煎服。加入柴胡、附子,名为加味归脾汤。若神志不宁而健忘,加倍使用酸枣仁、茯神、当归,加入柏子仁。
另一篇论述:各种虚损引起的健忘,以及惊悸怔忡等症状。
加减补心汤
人参 白茯苓 陈皮 白芍(酒炒) 远志(甘草水泡过,去心) 酸枣仁(炒) 知母 白术 生地黄 当归 石菖蒲 麦门冬(去心) 黄柏(酒炒) 甘草
以上药材切碎,加生姜、大枣煎服。
另一篇论述:宁心安神,益血固精,强壮体力意志,使人不忘。清利三焦,化痰涎,祛除烦热,治疗咽干,消除惊悸,安定怔忡,养育心神,大补元气。读书劳神、勤政劳心的人,都适宜服用。
天王补心丹 由大中丞松石刘公传授。加入石菖蒲、百部、杜仲、甘草。
怀生地(四两) 天门冬(去心) 桔梗(各五钱) 当归 柏子仁 酸枣仁(炒) 五味子(各一两) 麦门冬(去心) 远志(甘草水泡过,去心) 白茯苓(去皮) 玄参 丹参 人参(各一两)
一方中,加入酒炒黄连五钱。
以上研为细末,用炼蜜制成梧桐子大小的丸药,朱砂为衣。每次服用二三十丸,临睡前,用灯心草、竹叶煎汤送服。用枣汤送服也可以。如果饮食不思、大便不成形,恐怕不宜服用。此时应当服用后面的方子。
安神定志丸 功效同补心丸。
人参(一两五钱) 白术(去芦头,炒) 白茯苓(去皮) 白茯神(去心) 远志(甘草水泡过,去心) 石菖蒲(去毛,忌铁器) 酸枣仁(炒,各一两) 麦门冬(去心,一两) 牛黄(另研,一钱) 辰砂(二钱五分,水飞后为衣)
以上研为细末,用龙眼肉四两熬膏,和炼蜜三四两制成梧桐子大小的丸药,辰砂为衣。每次服用三十丸,用清米汤送服,不限时间,每日三次。
另一篇论述:凡人多识不忘,是因为心血充足而没有邪气遮蔽。如果心血不足,邪气遮蔽,就会损伤虚灵的本体,从而学问容易遗忘。龟是介虫中的灵物,龙是鳞虫中的灵物。借助这两种生物的灵性,来养护心的灵性,想要它们同气相求罢了。远志辛温味浓,辛温可以使药性入心,味浓可以滋养阴液。菖蒲味辛气温,味辛则通利窍道,气温则通达神志。用它来治疗容易遗忘,这是近于道理的。
聪明丸 由春元周用廷经验方。
败龟甲(炙酥) 龙骨(放入鸡腹中煮一夜) 远志(去心苗) 石菖蒲(九节者,各等分)
以上研为细末。每次服用一钱,用酒调服,每日三次。
另一篇论述:读书辛苦,且有房事劳损的人。
当归 生地黄 白术 玄参(各一钱) 川芎 白芍 白茯苓 黄柏(酒炒) 知母(酒炒) 麦门冬(去心) 山栀(炒) 甘草(各五分)
以上为一剂,切碎,加生姜煎服。
另一篇论述:癫狂、健忘、失志,以及恍惚惊怖入心,神不守舍,多言不定。一切真气虚损,可用紫河车加入补药内服用。大能安神养气宁志,治疗健忘、惊悸、怔忡、不寐。使用六味丸,加入远志、石菖蒲、人参、白茯神、当归、炒酸枣仁。
另一篇论述:各种虚损引起的健忘等症状,使用十全大补汤,去掉川芎、肉桂、黄芪。加入陈皮、远志、石菖蒲、麦门冬、酸枣仁、黄柏、知母。
Amnesia refers to the sudden forgetting of matters. One exerts great mental effort but cannot recall them. Actions are started but not finished, and speech lacks coherence from beginning to end. This condition is primarily related to the Heart and Spleen meridians. The function of the Heart governs thinking, and the function of the Spleen also governs thinking. This arises from excessive rumination, which damages the Heart causing blood consumption and dispersion, so that Shen (Spirit) does not reside securely; it damages the Spleen causing Stomach Qi to become weak and exhausted, thereby deepening the illness. Both relate to worldly affairs, leading to sudden forgetfulness. Generally, the Heart governs Blood; if there is insufficient Blood unable to nourish the Zang organs, or if retained fluids cause Qi stagnation generating Phlegm, and since Qi is stagnant, the Spleen cannot relax, these pathologies will manifest. Treatment must first nourish Heart Blood and regulate Spleen Earth, using formulas that calm Shen and stabilize intelligence, administered daily for regulation. One should also live in quiet and leisurely places, in environments of peace and joy, avoiding worry and exhaustion, and distancing oneself from the six desires and seven emotions, thus gradually achieving stability.
Another discussion: Rumination damages the Spleen, failing to control Blood, leading to reckless bleeding. Symptoms include hematemesis or hematochezia, or amnesia, palpitations (Jing Ji), fright palpitations, insomnia, fever with night sweats, or Heart-Spleen pain, lethargy with poor appetite, irregular bowel movements, or deficiency heat due to Blood deficiency, or heaviness and pain in the limbs, irregular menstruation in women, red and white leukorrhea, or afternoon tidal fever and internal heat, scrofula and flowing abscesses that fail to dissipate, ulcerate, or heal, or malaria and dysentery caused by Spleen damage from rumination.
Gui Pi Tang (Return to the Spleen Decoction) is the main formula.
Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) (3 qian), Huang Qi (Astragali Radix) (2 qian), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (1.5 qian), Bai Fu Ling (Poria) (3 qian), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) (3 qian), Yuan Zhi (Polygalae Radix) (soaked in Licorice decoction, heart removed) (1 qian), Long Yan Rou (Longan Aril) (10 pieces), Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen) (3 qian, stir-fried), Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix) (8 fen), Gan Cao (Licorice Radix et Rhizoma) (6 fen, honey-fried).
Crush the herbs, decoct with Ginger and Jujube, and take orally. Adding Chai Hu and Fu Zi creates Jia Wei Gui Pi Tang (Modified Return to the Spleen Decoction). If Shen is unsettled with amnesia, double the dosage of Suan Zao Ren, Fu Shen, and Dang Gui, and add Bai Zi Ren.
Another discussion: Amnesia due to various deficiencies, along with symptoms such as fright palpitations and Jing Ji.
Jia Jian Bu Xin Tang (Modified Heart-Nourishing Decoction)
Ren Shen, Bai Fu Ling, Chen Pi, Bai Shao (wine-fried), Yuan Zhi (soaked in Licorice decoction, heart removed), Suan Zao Ren (stir-fried), Zhi Mu, Bai Zhu, Sheng Di Huang, Dang Gui, Shi Chang Pu, Mai Men Dong (heart removed), Huang Bo (wine-fried), Gan Cao.
Crush the herbs, decoct with Ginger and Jujube, and take orally.
Another discussion: Calms the Heart and nourishes Spirit, benefits Blood and secures Essence, strengthens physique and willpower, prevents forgetfulness. Clears the San Jiao, resolves Phlegm and saliva, dispels vexatious heat, treats dry throat, eliminates fright palpitations, stabilizes Jing Ji, nurtures Heart Shen, and greatly tonifies Yuan Qi. Suitable for those who study hard or engage in strenuous administrative work.
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan (Emperor of Heaven's Pill to Nourish the Heart) passed down by Vice Minister Liu Songshi. Added: Shi Chang Pu, Bai Bu, Du Zhong, Gan Cao.
Huai Sheng Di Huang (4 liang), Tian Men Dong (heart removed), Jie Geng (each 5 qian), Dang Gui, Bai Zi Ren, Suan Zao Ren (stir-fried), Wu Wei Zi (each 1 liang), Mai Men Dong (heart removed), Yuan Zhi (soaked in Licorice decoction, heart removed), Bai Fu Ling (peeled), Xuan Shen, Dan Shen, Ren Shen (each 1 liang).
One prescription adds 5 qian of Coptidis Rhizoma fried with wine.
Grind into fine powder, make pills with refined honey the size of wu zi (Chinese quince seeds), coat with Cinnabar. Take 20-30 pills before bed, delivered with a decoction of Deng Xin Cao and Zhu Ye. A Jujube decoction may also be used. If there is no appetite and loose stools, it is likely unsuitable. In such cases, use the following formula instead.
An Shen Ding Zhi Wan (Calming Spirit and Stabilizing Will Pill) has effects similar to Bu Xin Wan.
Ren Shen (1.5 liang), Bai Zhu (rhizome removed, stir-fried), Bai Fu Ling (peeled), Bai Fu Shen (heart removed), Yuan Zhi (soaked in Licorice decoction, heart removed), Shi Chang Pu (hairs removed, avoid iron), Suan Zao Ren (stir-fried, each 1 liang), Mai Men Dong (heart removed, 1 liang), Niu Huang (separately ground, 1 qian), Chen Sha (2.5 qian, water-ground for coating).
Grind into fine powder, boil 4 liang of Long Yan Rou into paste, mix with 3-4 liang of refined honey to make pills the size of wu zi, coat with Chen Sha. Take 30 pills with clear rice soup, at any time, three times daily.
Another discussion: Those who remember much without forgetting do so because their Heart Blood is sufficient and unobscured. If Heart Blood is insufficient, evil Qi obscures it, damaging the delicate nature, making learning easily forgotten. The turtle is the spiritual creature among shelled animals; the dragon is the spiritual creature among scaled animals. Borrowing the spirituality of these two creatures to nourish the spirituality of the Heart, seeking resonance of similar energies. Yuan Zhi is acrid and warm with strong flavor; acridity and warmth allow entry into the Heart, while strong flavor nourishes Yin. Shi Chang Pu is acrid in taste and warm in nature; acridity opens orifices, warmth unblocks Shen. Using it to treat easy forgetfulness is reasonable.
Cong Ming Wan (Intelligence Pill) an empirical formula by Zhou Yongting.
Bai Gui Jia (calcined until crisp), Long Gu (boiled overnight inside a chicken abdomen), Yuan Zhi (heart and sprouts removed), Shi Chang Pu (nine-jointed variety, equal parts).
Grind into powder. Take 1 qian per dose, mixed with wine, three times daily.
Another discussion: For those who study hard and suffer from sexual exhaustion.
Dang Gui, Sheng Di Huang, Bai Zhu, Xuan Shen (each 1 qian), Chuan Xiong, Bai Shao, Bai Fu Ling, Huang Bo (wine-fried), Zhi Mu (wine-fried), Mai Men Dong (heart removed), Shan Zhi (stir-fried), Gan Cao (each 5 fen).
One dose, crushed, decoct with fresh Ginger, and take orally.
Another discussion: For mania, amnesia, loss of will,恍惚 (trance-like state), fright entering the Heart, Shen not residing securely, excessive speech without constancy. For all conditions of True Qi deficiency and damage, Zi He Che (Placenta Hominis) can be added to tonic medicines. It greatly calms Shen, nourishes Qi, and stabilizes will, treating amnesia, fright palpitations, Jing Ji, and insomnia. Use Liu Wei Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia), adding Yuan Zhi, Shi Chang Pu, Ren Shen, Bai Fu Shen, Dang Gui, and stir-fried Suan Zao Ren.
Another discussion: For amnesia due to various deficiencies, use Shi Quan Da Bu Tang (Ten-Agent Great Tonifying Decoction), removing Chuan Xiong, Rou Gui, and Huang Qi. Add Chen Pi, Yuan Zhi, Shi Chang Pu, Mai Men Dong, Suan Zao Ren, Huang Bo, and Zhi Mu.