小儿脱肛者。谓大肠肛头脱出也。此因泻痢日久肠滑。冷气相
搏。里急下重而便难。用力努 ，致肛头脱而下出。寒冷干乘。不能收返得入。今叙治方于后。
治小儿肛头脱出 以故麻鞋底炙热得所。按令入。频频按之。即不出。或烧鳖头灰研细敷上。然后按入。永
瘥。又以木贼烧存性为末掺上。用手 按令入。
鳖头丸
治小儿因泻痢。及冷搏积久。脱肛下出。不能返收肠中。疼而不得入。
死鳖头（二个炙令焦） 小 皮（一个炙令焦） 磁石（火 米醋淬不计遍数以易碎为度四两） 桂心（三
两不见火）
上为细末。炼蜜和丸小豆大。三岁至五岁儿五七丸。温服米饮。日三服。一方不用鳖头。只三味。
赤石脂散
治因泻痢努 气下。推出肛头不入。真赤石脂伏龙肝等分。为细末。每用半钱。敷肛头上。频用按入。
蛛丹散
治因泻痢脱肛疼痛。（又名黑神散）以大蜘蛛一个。瓠叶重裹系定。入合子内。烧
黑灰存性。入黄丹少许研匀。凡用先煎白矾葱椒汤洗。拭干。将药末掺在软绵上。手掌 按入收之。甚妙。亦治
大人。又一方桑叶裹。盐泥固烧。
芜荑丹
治久痢大肠虚冷。肛门脱出。
白芜荑（去枝一两微炒） 鳖甲（一两酥炙黄去裙 ） 蜗牛壳（一两炙焦） 磁石（烧醋淬十次研水飞）
黄连（去须微炒半两） 蛇胆（半两）
上为细末。软饭和丸黍米大。每服十粒。粥饮下。乳食前。
二金散
治久痢肠头虚冷。肛门脱出。
龙骨（一两 ） 枯鳖壳（半枚涂酥炙黄用一两）
上为细末。每用一字或半钱。干掺上。 按纳之。
又方 以白龙骨研如粉扑之。又以鳖头烧灰细末扑之。
又方 以沿桑螺烧末。和猪膏敷上。立缩收之。此螺全似蜗牛而微黄小。雨后沿桑而生。
又方 以虎骨烧末。水调服半钱。或一钱。日三。甚良。
治小儿大肠随肛带出。转久不能收之。 以生栝蒌取汁涂之。以猪肉汁蘸手。随 之。令暖自入。
又方 以干胡荽切一升。烧烟熏之。则缩入。
又方 以木贼不拘多少。烧存性为末。掺上。 按之。
缩沙散
治小儿滑泄。肛头脱出。以缩沙一两。去皮为末。每用一钱。以猪腰子一片批开。入药末在内。绵系。米
泔煮熟。与儿食之。次服白矾丸。如脱肛气逆。遍身虚肿。喘急者不治。
白矾丸
枯白矾 淀粉 寒水石（ 各等分）
上为细末。烂饭研匀。和丸黍米大。每服五丸。煎乌梅汤送下。乳食前。
斗门散
治小儿泻痢多时。青黄羸瘦。脱肛不收。
诃子肉 枳壳（去穣麸炒黄） 地榆（各等分）
上为细末。每服一钱。米饮调下。一岁下者半钱。乳食前。
又方 治如前。香附子荆芥穗等分。为粗末。每用三匙。以水一大碗。煎十数沸。淋HT 。
又方 以浮萍草不拘多少。晒干杵为细末。干粘贴。以蝴蝶儿不拘多少。阴干为末。涂手心。 上即止。
小儿脱肛，是指大肠的肛门部位向外脱出。这通常是因为长期腹泻或痢疾导致肠道滑利，寒气与体内邪气相互搏结，出现里急后重（腹中拘急疼痛，排便时窘迫难下）且大便困难的症状。由于用力努挣，致使肛门脱出而无法回纳。这是因为寒冷之邪乘虚而入，导致气血凝滞，无法使脱出的组织自行收回。现将治疗方剂叙述如下。
治疗小儿肛门脱出：用旧的麻鞋底烤热至适宜温度，按压使其复位，频繁按压即可防止再次脱出。或者将鳖头烧成灰，研成细末敷在患处，然后再按入，可彻底治愈。也可以用木贼烧至存性（保留药物原有性质），研成粉末撒在患处，用手按压使其复位。
鳖头丸
主治小儿因腹泻、痢疾，以及寒气积聚日久导致的脱肛，肛门脱出后不能回纳到肠中，疼痛且无法纳入。
处方：死鳖头（两个，烤至焦黑）、小乌龟皮（一个，烤至焦黑）、磁石（用火煅烧后，用米醋淬炼多次，直至容易破碎为止，四两）、桂心（三两，避免直接见火）。
以上药材研成细末，用炼蜜调和制成如小豆大小的丸剂。三至五岁的儿童每次服用五至七丸，用温热的米汤送服，每日三次。另一版本方剂不用鳖头，仅用上述三种药味。
赤石脂散
主治因腹泻、痢疾用力努挣导致气机下陷，推出肛门无法回纳。
处方：真赤石脂、伏龙肝（灶心土），两者等分。研成细末，每次取半钱，敷在肛门头上，频繁使用并按压使其复位。
蛛丹散
主治因腹泻、痢疾导致的脱肛及疼痛。（又名黑神散）
处方：大蜘蛛一只，用瓠叶层层包裹并系紧，放入盒子内，烧成黑灰但保留药性。加入少许黄丹，研匀。凡使用时，先煎煮白矾、葱、椒汤清洗患处，擦干后将药末撒在软绵上，用手掌按压使其复位。效果极佳，也可用于治疗成人。另一方法是用桑叶包裹，用盐泥密封固实后烧制。
芜荑丹
主治久痢导致的大肠虚冷，肛门脱出。
处方：白芜荑（去枝茎一两，微炒）、鳖甲（一两，用酥油炙至黄色，去掉裙边）、蜗牛壳（一两，烤焦）、磁石（烧后醋淬十次，研细后水飞）、黄连（去须，微炒半两）、蛇胆（半两）。
以上药材研成细末，用软饭调和制成如黍米大小的丸剂。每次服用十粒，用粥饮送下，在吃奶或进食前服用。
二金散
主治久痢导致肠头虚冷，肛门脱出。
处方：龙骨（一两）、枯鳖壳（半枚，涂酥油炙黄，用量为一两）。
以上药材研成细末，每次取一字或半钱，干撒在患处，按压纳入。
又一方：用白龙骨研成粉扑洒在患处。又一方：用鳖头烧成灰，研成细末扑洒在患处。
又一方：用沿桑树生长的桑螵蛸烧成末，和猪脂膏敷在患处，立即收缩收回。这种螵蛸外形全像蜗牛但略小且微黄，雨后生长在桑树上。
又一方：用虎骨烧成末，用水调服半钱或一钱，每日三次，效果很好。
治疗小儿大肠随肛门带出，时间久了不能收回：用生栝蒌取汁涂抹，用猪肉汁蘸手，随着按摩，使其温暖后自然回纳。
又一方：用干胡荽切一升，燃烧烟雾熏蒸患处，即可缩回。
又一方：用木贼不拘多少，烧至存性研成末，撒在患处，按压复位。
缩沙散
主治小儿滑泄，肛门脱出。
处方：缩砂仁一两，去皮研成末。每次取一钱，将一片猪腰子切开，将药末放入其中，用棉线系好，在米泔水中煮熟，给患儿食用。随后服用白矾丸。如果脱肛伴有气逆，全身虚肿，喘急者，属不治之症。
白矾丸
处方：枯白矾、淀粉、寒水石，各等分。
以上药材研成细末，用烂饭研匀，调和制成如黍米大小的丸剂。每次服用五丸，用煎好的乌梅汤送下，在吃奶或进食前服用。
斗门散
主治小儿腹泻、痢疾时间较长，身体青黄消瘦，脱肛无法收回。
处方：诃子肉、枳壳（去瓤，麸炒至黄色）、地榆，各等分。
以上药材研成细末，每次服用一钱，用米汤调下。一岁以下的患儿减半，服用半钱，在吃奶或进食前服用。
又一方：治疗方法同上。用香附子、荆芥穗等分，研成粗末。每次取三匙，用一大碗水，煎煮十余沸，淋洗患处。
又一方：用浮萍草不拘多少，晒干后捣成细末，干贴于患处。或用蝴蝶儿不拘多少，阴干研成末，涂在手心，敷在患处即可止住。
Pediatric rectal prolapse refers to the protrusion of the anal opening of the large intestine. This condition is caused by prolonged diarrhea or dysentery leading to intestinal laxity, where cold pathogenic factors contend with internal pathogens, resulting in tenesmus (a feeling of incomplete defecation accompanied by abdominal pain) and difficulty in bowel movement. Straining during defecation causes the anus to prolapse and prevents it from retracting. This occurs because cold pathogens invade and obstruct, preventing the prolapsed tissue from returning naturally. The following treatment formulas are presented.
To treat pediatric rectal prolapse: Roast an old hemp sole until hot and apply pressure to push it back in. Frequent application will prevent further prolapse. Alternatively, burn turtle heads to ash, grind into fine powder, apply to the affected area, and then manually reduce it; this can achieve a permanent cure. Another method involves burning Equisetum ramosissimum (Herba Equiseti) until carbonized but retaining its medicinal properties, grinding into powder, applying to the site, and manually reducing it.
Bie Tou Wan (Turtle Head Pill)
Indications: Pediatric rectal prolapse due to prolonged diarrhea or dysentery, or accumulation of cold pathogens over time, causing the anus to prolapse and fail to retract into the intestine, accompanied by pain.
Ingredients: Dead turtle head (two pieces, roasted until charred), small turtle skin (one piece, roasted until charred), Magnetitum (Si Shi, four taels, calcined and quenched repeatedly in rice vinegar until brittle), Cinnamomi Cortex (Gui Xin, three taels, protected from direct fire).
Preparation: Grind all ingredients into fine powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of small beans. Children aged three to five years should take five to seven pills per dose, administered with warm millet drink, three times daily. An alternative version omits the turtle head and uses only the other three ingredients.
Chishi Zhi San (Red Kaolin Powder)
Indications: Rectal prolapse unable to be reduced, caused by qi sinking due to straining during diarrhea or dysentery.
Ingredients: Genuine Chishi Zhi (Kaolinite, Hongs hizhi), Fulong Gan (Zao Xin Tu, Caulis Longanae Folium/Calcined Soil), equal parts.
Preparation: Grind into fine powder. Apply half a qian to the anal opening frequently, followed by manual reduction.
Zhu Dan San (Spider Powder)
Indications: Rectal prolapse and pain caused by diarrhea or dysentery. (Also known as Hei Shen San)
Ingredients: One large spider, wrapped tightly in multiple layers of Lagenaria siceraria leaf (Hu Ye), placed in a container, and burned to charcoal while preserving its efficacy. Add a small amount of Minium (Dan Sha) and grind uniformly.
Usage: Before application, wash the area with a decoction of Alum (Bai Fan), Scallion (Cong Bai), and Pepper (Hua Jiao), then dry. Sprinkle the powder onto soft cotton, place on the anus, and gently press with the palm to reduce it. This method is highly effective and can also be used for adults. Alternative preparation: Wrap in mulberry leaf and seal with salt mud before burning.
Wu Yi Dan (Melia Fruit Pill)
Indications: Rectal prolapse due to deficiency-cold of the large intestine from chronic dysentery.
Ingredients: Bai Wu Ti (Fructus Meliae Toosendan, one tael, stems removed, lightly stir-fried), Bie Jia (Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis, one tael, fried in rendered fat until yellow, remove skirt edges), Wo Niu Ke (Shell of Helix Aspersa/Mollusc Shell, one tael, roasted until charred), Magnetitum (Si Shi, calcined and quenced in vinegar ten times, ground and water-leveled), Huang Lian (Rhizoma Coptidis, half a tael, stems removed, lightly stir-fried), She Dan (Gallus Bladder/Bovine Gallbladder? Context implies Snake Gall, Dan She, half a tael).
Preparation: Grind into fine powder. Mix with soft cooked rice to form pills the size of millet seeds. Take ten pills per dose with porridge drink, before milk or food intake.
Er Jin San (Two Golds Powder)
Indications: Rectal prolapse due to deficiency-cold of the intestinal head from chronic dysentery.
Ingredients: Long Gu (Os Draconis/Fossil Bone, one tael), Ku Bie Qiao (Dried Turtle Shell, half a shell, coated with fat and fried until yellow, equivalent to one tael).
Preparation: Grind into fine powder. Apply one zi or half a qian directly to the area, followed by manual reduction.
Alternative methods:
1. Dust with finely ground white Long Gu (Fossil Bone).
2. Dust with fine powder from burnt turtle heads.
3. Burn Sang Piao Xiao (Mantis Egg Case found on mulberry trees), mix with pig lard, and apply; this causes immediate retraction. Note: These egg cases resemble snails but are smaller and yellowish, appearing on mulberry trees after rain.
4. Burn Hu Gu (Os Tigridis/Tiger Bone) into powder, mix with water, and take half a qian or one qian, three times daily; this is very effective.
For pediatric large intestine prolapse that cannot be reduced over time: Apply fresh juice of Trichosanthes fruit (Gua Lou) to the area. Dip hands in pork juice and massage gently until warmth facilitates natural retraction.
Another method: Cut one sheng of dried Coriandrum sativum (Hu Sui), burn it, and use the smoke to fumigate the area to induce retraction.
Another method: Burn Equisetum ramosissimum (Mu Zei) to carbonization, grind into powder, apply, and manually reduce.
Suo Sha San (Amomum Powder)
Indications: Pediatric loose stools with rectal prolapse.
Ingredients: Suo Sha Ren (Fructus Amomi Rotundus, one tael, peel removed, ground).
Usage: Take one qian of powder. Slice one pig kidney, insert the powder inside, tie with cotton thread, and cook in rice washing water. Feed to the child. Follow with Bai Fan Wan. If rectal prolapse is accompanied by rebellious qi, generalized edema, and急促 breathing (asthma/dyspnea), the condition is incurable.
Bai Fan Wan (Alum Pill)
Ingredients: Ku Bai Fan (Stupefied Alum), Dian Fen (Starch), Han Shui Shi (Halloysitum Rubrum/Cool Water Stone), equal parts.
Preparation: Grind into fine powder. Mix with mashed rice to form pills the size of millet seeds. Take five pills per dose with decocted Sour Plum (Wu Mei) soup, before milk or food intake.
Dou Men San (Doumen Powder)
Indications: Prolonged pediatric diarrhea or dysentery resulting in emaciation with greenish-yellow complexion and irreducible rectal prolapse.
Ingredients: He Zi Rou (Endocarp of Terminalia chebula), Zhi Qiao (Fructus Aurantii, pulp removed, bran-fried until yellow), Di Yu (Radix Sanguisorbae), equal parts.
Preparation: Grind into fine powder. Take one qian per dose, mixed with millet drink. For infants under one year, take half a qian. Administer before milk or food.
Alternative method 1: Treat as above. Use Cyperi Rhizoma (Xiang Fu) and Schizonepeta Spike (Jing Jie Sui) in equal parts, coarsely ground. Take three spoons, boil in one bowl of water for several minutes, and use the liquid to wash/lavage the area.
Alternative method 2: Dry and grind floating duckweed (Fu Ping) into fine powder, apply dry to the area. Alternatively, dry butterflies in the shade, grind into powder, apply to the palm of the hand, and press against the affected area to stop prolapse.