茅先生小儿有中伤泻候∶肚膨胀硬，身微热，微微地呕。此候本因父母爱惜儿子，将粘滑物与吃，见食得
美后，一向过剩将与儿子吃，奈儿子痴食，噎着五脏，停在胸膈不消化，蓦然间泻下。所治者，先用醒脾散（有二
方∶一方见胃气不和门，一方见慢脾风门中、）匀气散与调二日（方见胃气不和门中），见泻渐疏，便下青金丹与通下。
元
食所伤（方见积聚门中），后再下匀气散、建脾散与服（方见胃气不和门中）即愈。
葛氏《肘后》小儿病食不消，腹满下痢鸡子汤方
上用乱发如鸡子一枚，梳去垢， 咀之。鸡子七枚，去白，以黄并发内鸡子汁，热数按之，令汁出，取服，
大小无毒。
《千金》治少小下痢，若热不食，伤饱不乳，大黄汤方
大黄 甘草（炙） 麦门冬（各一两）
上三味 咀，以水二升，煮取一升。二、三岁儿分三、四服。
《千金》生金牛黄汤 主小儿积下不止，而发痫方。
生金（三铢。一方用六铢。无生金，用熟金亦得，法应作屑。亦用成器者） 牛黄（三铢） 细辛（半分） 麻黄
（二分，去根节） 干姜（炮） 人参 黄连 甘草（炙。各一分）
上八味 咀，以水一升六合，煮取八合，去滓，临卧研牛黄以煮汤中。儿有热者，用生姜以代干姜。今世
乏生金，但用成器金亦善，二、三两皆得用也。
太医局开胃丸 治小儿腑脏怯弱，内受风冷，腹胁胀满，肠鸣泄利，或青或白，乳食不化。又治脏冷夜啼，胎
寒腹痛方。
木香 蓬莪术 白术 人参（去芦头） 当归（锉，炒。以上各半两） 麝香（细研） 白芍药（各一分）
上件捣罗为末，都研令匀∶汤浸炊饼和丸如黍米大。每服十五丸，温米饮下。新生儿腹痛夜啼，可服五丸，
并乳食前服。
茅先生论述小儿患有中伤泻的证候：腹部胀大且坚硬，身体微热，偶尔呕吐。这种证候原本是因为父母过分疼爱孩子，给孩子喂食黏滑难消化的食物，看到孩子吃得香甜后，便一直过量地喂给孩子吃。无奈孩子不懂节制地进食，导致五脏被噎塞，食物停滞在胸膈无法消化，突然之间发生腹泻。治疗时，先用醒脾散（有两个方子：一个见于“胃气不和”门，另一个见于“慢脾风”门中）和匀气散调理两天（方子见于“胃气不和”门中），等到腹泻逐渐通畅，再给予青金丹以通下导滞。若是因原有饮食所伤（方子见于“积聚”门中），之后再服用匀气散、建脾散即可痊愈（方子见于“胃气不和”门中）。
葛氏《肘后备急方》记载治疗小儿病后食物不消化，腹部胀满并下痢如鸡蛋清样的汤剂方：
取乱发如鸡蛋大小一枚，梳理去除污垢，切碎。鸡蛋七枚，去掉蛋白，将蛋黄与头发放入鸡蛋汁中，加热并多次按压，使汁液渗出，取汁服用，对大人小孩都无毒害。
《千金方》治疗幼小儿童下痢，若伴有发热、不能进食，或因饱食过度而拒绝吃奶的大黄汤方：
大黄、甘草（炙）、麦门冬（各一两）
以上三味药切碎，用水二升，煮取一升。两岁至三岁的幼儿分三次或四次服用。
《千金方》生金牛黄汤，主治小儿积滞下痢不止，并引发癫痫的方剂。
生金（三铢。另一版本用六铢。若无生金，用熟金也可以，用法应制成碎屑。也可以使用成器的金饰）牛黄（三铢）细辛（半分）麻黄（二分，去根节）干姜（炮制）人参黄连甘草（炙。各一分）
以上八味药切碎，用水一升六合，煮取八合，滤去药渣，临睡前将牛黄研细融入煮好的药汤中。幼儿若有热象，用生姜代替干姜。当今世间缺乏生金，但使用成器金也很好，二两或三两都可以使用。
太医局开胃丸，治疗小儿脏腑虚弱，内受风冷侵袭，腹胁胀满，肠鸣泄利，大便颜色或青或白，乳食不化。又治疗脏寒夜啼，胎寒腹痛的方剂。
木香蓬莪术白术人参（去芦头）当归（锉碎，炒。以上各半两）麝香（细研）白芍药（各一分）
以上药材捣碎过筛成粉末，混合研磨均匀；用米汤浸湿炊饼和药丸，制成如黍米大小的丸剂。每次服用十五丸，温米饮送服。新生儿腹痛夜啼，可服用五丸，均在吃乳食之前服用。
Mr. Mao discusses the syndrome of "Zhong Shang Xie" (Diarrhea caused by internal injury/dietary damage) in children: The abdomen is distended and hard, the body has a slight fever, and there is occasional vomiting. This syndrome originally arises because parents excessively dote on their children, feeding them sticky and slippery foods. Seeing the child eat with pleasure, they continue to overfeed them. Unable to control their appetite, the children's five Zang organs become obstructed, food stagnates in the chest and diaphragm without digesting, and suddenly diarrhea occurs. For treatment, first use Xingpi San (Spleen-Awakening Powder; there are two formulas: one found in the section on "Stomach Qi Disharmony," another in "Slow Spleen Wind") and Yunqi San (Harmonizing Qi Powder) for conditioning over two days (formula found in "Stomach Qi Disharmony"), until the diarrhea gradually becomes loose. Then administer Qingjindan (Green Gold Pill) to promote downward purgation. If it was originally caused by dietary injury (formula found in the section on "Accumulation and Masses"), subsequently administering Yunqi San and Jianpi San (Spleen-Strengthening Powder) will lead to recovery (formulas found in "Stomach Qi Disharmony").
Ge Hong’s *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions Kept Up the Sleeve) records a decoction for treating children whose food fails to digest after illness, presenting with abdominal fullness and dysentery resembling egg whites:
Take one piece of tangled hair roughly the size of an egg, comb away dirt, and chop it. Take seven eggs, remove the whites, and place the yolks along with the hair into the egg juice. Heat and press repeatedly to extract the juice. Administer the juice orally. It is non-toxic for both adults and children.
*Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) records Dahuang Tang (Rhubarb Decoction) for treating young children with dysentery, especially when accompanied by fever, anorexia, or refusal to nurse due to overeating:
Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata, honey-fried), and Maimendong (Radix Ophiopogonis) (each 1 liang).
Chop the above three ingredients. Boil in 2 sheng of water to obtain 1 sheng. Children aged two to three years should divide this dose into three or four servings.
*Qianjin Fang* Shengjin Niuhuang Tang (Raw Gold and Calculus Bovis Decoction) primarily treats children with persistent diarrhea due to accumulation and subsequent onset of epilepsy:
Shengjin (Gold, raw; 3 zhu. Another version uses 6 zhu. If raw gold is unavailable, cooked gold may be used; it should be prepared as filings. Finished gold artifacts may also be used.) Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis; 3 zhu) Xixin (Herba Asari) (0.5 fen) Mahuang (Herba Ephedrae, 2 fen, roots and joints removed) Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparata, roasted) Renshen (Radix Ginseng) Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis) Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata, honey-fried) (each 1 fen).
Chop the above eight ingredients. Boil in 1 sheng 6 he of water to obtain 8 he. Strain the dregs. Before bedtime, grind Niuhuang finely and mix it into the decoction. If the child has heat symptoms, replace Ganjiang with Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens). Currently, raw gold is scarce in the world, but using finished gold artifacts is also effective; either 2 or 3 liang may be used.
Taiyi Ju Kaiwei Wan (Imperial Medical Bureau Stomach-Opening Pills) treats children with weak viscera who have internally contracted wind-cold, presenting with abdominal and hypochondriac distension, borborygmus, diarrhea (stool color either green or white), and indigestion of milk and food. It also treats night crying due to cold viscera and abdominal pain from fetal cold:
Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae), Peng'ezhu (Rhizoma Curcumae), Baizhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae), Renshen (Radix Ginseng, rhizome removed), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, sliced and stir-fried) (each 0.5 liang); Shexiang (Moschus, finely ground), Baishaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Lactiflorae) (each 1 fen).
Pulverize the above ingredients and mix thoroughly. Moisten with rice decoction and steamed bread dough to form pills the size of millet seeds. Administer 15 pills per dose with warm rice drink. For newborns with abdominal pain and night crying, administer 5 pills. Take before nursing or eating.