《巢氏病源》小儿囟陷候∶此谓囟陷下不平也。由肠内有热，热气熏脏，脏热即渴引饮。而小儿泄利者，即
腑脏血气虚弱不能上冲髓脑，故囟陷也。
《圣惠》治小儿脏腑壅热，气血不荣，致囟陷不平者。生干地黄散方
生干地黄（二两） 乌鸡骨（一两涂，醋炙令黄。）
上件药捣，细罗为末。不计时候，以粥饮调下半钱。
《圣惠》治小儿囟陷方。
上取猪牙车骨髓，煎如膏，涂囟上良。
《圣惠》又方
上以狗头骨炙令黄，捣、罗为末。以鸡子清调涂之。
《圣惠》又方
上以天灵盖炙令黄，捣、罗为末。以生油涂调之。
《千金》小儿囟陷，灸脐上、下各半寸，及鸠尾骨端。又足太阴各一壮。
《巢氏病源》小儿滞颐候∶滞颐之病，是小儿多涎唾流出，渍于颐下，此由脾冷液多故也。脾之液为涎，脾
气冷，不能收制其津液，故冷涎流出，滞渍于颐也。
《五关贯真珠囊》小儿滞颐疾候∶滞颐疾者，涎流口边无时，此即因风冷入脾胃，故令涎水常流。
《惠济方》小儿滞颐候歌∶（宜葱汤丸，取用银白丸补）
滞颐为患本因伤，流出清涎口角傍。此患脾虚寒胃口，愚夫却道破涎囊。终朝服药全无效，夜卧流涎亦汗
床。洗肺更宜温胃口，脾元一壮自安康。
《千金》治小儿口中涎出方。
以白羊屎内口中。
《千金》又方
以东行牛口中沫，涂口中及颐上。
《千金》又方
桑白汁涂之瘥。
张涣∶小儿有多涎，常留在两口角，此由脾胃有冷，流出渍于颐下，乃名滞颐之病。宜温脾丹方
半夏（一两，用生姜六两同捣，细炒令黄） 丁香 木香（各一两） 干姜 白术 青橘皮（各半两）
上件捣，罗为末，炼蜜和如黍米大。每服十粒，米饮下。量儿大小加减。
张涣温胃散 治脾冷流涎。
半夏（白矾水浸，炒黄） 人参（去芦头） 肉豆蔻 白术 干姜 甘草（炙。以上各半两） 丁香（一两）
上件捣，罗为细末。每服一钱，水八分一盏，入生姜二片，煎五分去滓，温服食前。
《巢氏病源》中关于小儿囟门凹陷的论述：这指的是囟门低陷、不平整的情况。这是由于肠道内有热邪，热气熏蒸脏腑，导致脏腑发热从而引起口渴想喝水。如果小儿同时伴有腹泻，那么腑脏的气血虚弱，无法向上充养髓海和脑部，因此出现囟门凹陷。
《圣惠方》治疗小儿脏腑壅滞有热，气血不能荣润，导致囟门凹陷不平的方剂：生干地黄散方
生干地黄（二两） 乌鸡骨（一两，涂醋后炙烤至黄色）
将上述药物捣碎，过细筛成为粉末。不限时间，用米汤调服半钱。
《圣惠方》治疗小儿囟门的另一个方子。
取猪牙车骨髓，煎煮成膏状，涂抹在囟门上效果良好。
《圣惠方》又一方
取狗头骨炙烤至黄色，捣碎、过筛成为粉末。用鸡蛋清调和后涂抹。
《圣惠方》又一方
取天灵盖（人头顶骨）炙烤至黄色，捣碎、过筛成为粉末。用生油调和后涂抹。
《千金方》治疗小儿囟门凹陷，灸脐上、下各半寸处，以及鸠尾骨的末端。另外，双侧足太阴经各灸一壮。
《巢氏病源》中关于小儿滞颐的论述：滞颐这种病，是小儿口水多流出，浸渍在下巴下方，这是由脾脏虚冷、津液过多造成的。脾的液为涎，脾气寒冷，不能收摄控制津液，所以冷的涎水流出，滞留在下巴处。
《五关贯真珠囊》中关于小儿滞颐疾候的论述：滞颐疾，是指涎水不时从口边流出，这是因为风冷之邪侵入脾胃，导致涎水常流。
《惠济方》中关于小儿滞颐候的歌诀：（宜用葱汤丸，或选用银白丸进行补益）
滞颐为患本因伤，流出清涎口角傍。此患脾虚寒胃口，愚夫却道破涎囊。终朝服药全无效，夜卧流涎亦汗床。洗肺更宜温胃口，脾元一壮自安康。
《千金方》又一方
用向东行走的牛口中的唾液沫，涂抹在口中及下巴上。
《千金方》又一方
用桑白皮汁涂抹，病可痊愈。
张涣认为：小儿有多余的涎水，常停留在两口角，这是由脾胃有寒所致，流出并浸渍于下巴下方，这才名为滞颐之病。适宜使用温脾丹方
半夏（一两，用生姜六两同捣，细炒至黄色） 丁香 木香（各一两） 干姜 白术 青橘皮（各半两）
将上述药物捣碎，过筛成为粉末，用炼蜜调和如黍米大小。每次服用十粒，用米饮送下。根据患儿年龄大小增减剂量。
张涣温胃散 治疗脾冷导致的流涎。
半夏（用白矾水浸泡，炒黄） 人参（去芦头） 肉豆蔻 白术 干姜 甘草（炙。以上各半两） 丁香（一两）
将上述药物捣碎，过筛成为细末。每次服用一钱，用水八分一盏，加入生姜两片，煎至五分，去渣，饭前温服。
According to *Chao Shi Bing Yuan* (Source of Diseases by Chao) regarding the condition of sunken fontanelle in infants: This refers to the fontanelle being depressed and uneven. It is caused by heat within the intestines, where pathogenic heat steams the zang-fu organs. When the zang-fu organs become hot, it leads to thirst and a desire to drink. If the infant also suffers from diarrhea, the qi and blood of the fu-zang organs are deficient and cannot ascend to nourish the marrow and brain, thus resulting in a sunken fontanelle.
*Sheng Hui Fang* (Formulas of Holy Grace) treats infants with stagnation and heat in the zang-fu organs, where qi and blood fail to provide nourishment, causing the fontanelle to be sunken and uneven. Formula for Raw Dried Rehmannia Powder (Sheng Gan Di Huang San):
Raw Dried Rehmannia Root (Sheng Di Huang, *Rehmanniae Radix Preparata*) (2 liang); Black Chicken Bone (Wu Ji Gu, *Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson ossum*) (1 liang, coated with vinegar and roasted until yellow).
Crush the above ingredients and sift them into fine powder. Take half a qian at any time, mixed with rice water.
*Sheng Hui Fang* provides another formula for treating sunken fontanelle in infants.
Take the bone marrow from the pig's jaw (Zhu Ya Che), boil it down into a paste, and apply it to the fontanelle; this is effective.
*Sheng Hui Fang*, another formula:
Roast dog skull bone (Gou Tou Gu, *Canis lupus familiaris cranium*) until yellow, crush and sift into powder. Mix with egg white and apply.
*Sheng Hui Fang*, another formula:
Roast Tian Ling Gai (Tian Ling Gai, human calvaria) until yellow, crush and sift into powder. Mix with raw sesame oil and apply.
*Qian Jin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) for treating sunken fontanelle in infants: Moxibustion on points half an cun above and below the umbilicus, and at the tip of the xiphoid process (Jiu Wei). Additionally, one moxa cone on each side of the Foot-Taiyin channel.
According to *Chao Shi Bing Yuan* regarding the condition of drooling (Zhi Yi) in infants: The disease of Zhi Yi involves excessive saliva flowing out of the mouth and soaking the area under the chin. This is due to coldness in the spleen and excessive fluids. The fluid of the spleen is saliva; when spleen qi is cold, it fails to control the body fluids, causing cold saliva to flow out and accumulate under the chin.
*Wu Guan Guan Zhen Zhu Nang* describes the syndrome of infantile drooling: Saliva flows from the corners of the mouth without cessation. This occurs because wind-cold invades the spleen and stomach, causing constant salivation.
Song verse from *Hui Ji Fang* regarding infantile drooling: (Use Cong Tang Wan or Silver White Pill for tonification)
Drooling troubles stem from injury, clear saliva flows by the mouth corner. This ailment arises from spleen deficiency and cold stomach; foolish men mistake it for a broken saliva sac. Taking medicine all day yields no effect, while sleeping, saliva flows and wets the bed. Washing the lungs is suitable, but warming the stomach is better; strengthening the spleen's origin brings health.
*Qian Jin Fang* treats infants with saliva coming from the mouth.
Place white sheep dung inside the infant's mouth.
*Qian Jin Fang*, another formula:
Apply the foam from the mouth of an ox that walks eastward to the infant's mouth and chin.
*Qian Jin Fang*, another formula:
Apply juice from Mulberry Root Bark (Sang Bai Pi, *Mori Cortex*) to cure the condition.
Zhang Huan states: Infants with excessive saliva often have it remain at the corners of the mouth. This is caused by cold in the spleen and stomach, which flows out and soaks the chin, named the disease of Zhi Yi. The appropriate formula is Spleen-Warming Pill (Wen Pi Dan):
Pinellia Tuber (Ban Xia, *Pinelliae Rhizoma*) (1 liang, pounded together with 6 liang of fresh ginger, stir-fried until yellow); Clove (Ding Xiang, *Caryophylli Flos*); Costus Root (Mu Xiang, *Aucklandiae Radix*) (each 1 liang); Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang, *Zingiberis Rhizoma*), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Bai Zhu, *Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*), Green Tangerina Peel (Qing Ju Pi, *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride*) (each 0.5 liang).
Pound and sift the above ingredients into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of millet seeds. Take ten pills per dose, washed down with rice water. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
Zhang Huan's Stomach-Warming Powder (Wen Wei San) treats drooling due to spleen cold.
Pinellia Tuber (Ban Xia, *Pinelliae Rhizoma*) (soaked in alum water, stir-fried until yellow); Ginseng Root (Ren Shen, *Panacis Ginseng Radix*) (remove rhizome); Nutmeg (Rou Dou Kou, *Myristicae Semen*), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Bai Zhu, *Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*), Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang, *Zingiberis Rhizoma*), Licorice Root (Gan Cao, *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) (roasted; each 0.5 liang above); Clove (Ding Xiang, *Caryophylli Flos*) (1 liang).
Pound and sift the above into fine powder. Take one qian per dose. Add two slices of fresh ginger to eight fen of water (one cup). Decoct to five fen, strain, and take warm before meals.