时变青色，皮肤慢、吐清涎者，亦是疹子之候。此皆因医人误下凉药太多，致令疮难发。凡疮毒血气顺、脾温
则易发，若服凉药过多，则血涩气弱、脾冷，则疮毒难泄，遂变恶候。此候亦服薄荷散并脱齿散。若面青气粗，
大小便不通，疮毒未发，宜进滑石散（方见疮疹出不快门中。）如大小便不通
利，则服脱齿散，次观色候调治。或有面色
赤者，亦是疮疹候。若先赤而后青，为逆候也。或患数日，面色青或痿黄，四肢微冷，上喘不涎，手足搐缩，
以三焦气壅，血脉凝滞，气不得相荣，当用薄荷散发泄疮毒。小儿初得病，便惊狂、身热、汗出。问之，身不
憎寒，并不恶风、脉洪数者，皆当下之。觉得有此证，疹痘未发之
前，当服当归散（方见疮疹未见乃可疏利门。）或有先头
疼，口鼻出热气，憎寒壮热，胸膈痞噎，生涎，心逆，作渴不止，足指冷，口作臭气，两手脉弦而或微，脾脉
弦数者，此因失饥、伤邪热，当发赤疹。及有患头疼，身不大热，口鼻有热气，咽喉干痛，口颊生疮，两目如
火热，耳尖、手足稍冷，两手脉洪大，后三二日必作渴、面赤，时作憎寒，心逆，口作臭气，目忽如朱色，亦
是伏疮疹之候。亦先当去邪毒，药须用大黄汤荡之。不可用巴豆、水银、轻粉，此等则无去热毒之理，反伤于
脏也。或觉已结于皮毛之间，微微似出，慎不可利，或误利之，则疮毒反没，蓄伏心间，邪入肺中，疮毒内坏而
死。若疮疹既出太盛，窦脓水者，却当以大黄药微利除毒。如未发毒疹以前，曾经利者，即不用大黄药。但以
解热药除其败毒。多有愚俗禁服药饵，只望巫祝，不以药泄利疮毒，致令大小便不通，停热毒于脏腑，攻冲眼鼻，
咽喉肿塞，口舌坏烂，束手受死。及有疹症，口进凉药或调气药，恣其所措。既疹痘已出之后，又复猛利，用
药既失，疾势已坏，虽扁鹊无门救疗，所以时人不能尽其天年。又按扁鹊活疹痘之法∶觉有疹痘之症，先用油
麻剂（方见疮疹初出门）解四肢
极热，如服药了，良久就卧，少时，服至三五服，大小便利，四肢热退，邪毒渐解，疹痘
既出亦轻。若曾服大黄散利者，亦不必服此。婴儿服此颇有益。或有未经解利而疮毒已发者，服解毒必圣散，
或升麻散发散。（二方见疮疹已出未出门。《博济》、《养生必用》方同。）若疮毒在肌肤，
三四日隐隐不发者，则急用紫草饮子（方见疮
疹初出门，与《圣惠》同，）至数服则疮疹出。凡疮疹未发前，当用黄柏膏（见疮疹爱护面目门，《圣惠方》
同）涂儿面颊眼目之间，仍续用
胡荽酒（方见疮疹初出门）喷背上、四肢，令速发出也。若疮未出，及虽出躁渴者，宜服甘草散（方见疮
疹太盛门中）以少解利，
热毒即住。若疮出迟，亦当服紫草饮子。大人针两腕砚子骨间，或灸一壮，亦助发出疹痘毒瓦斯。若已发，则不
必用之。如疮候未作脓，心膈躁、睡不安者，服青黛散、黑豆汁（二方见疮疹未见乃可疏利门。）若疮毒出
尽后，宜服黄芩
散以解余毒。若呕吐服此，呕吐自定。若赤口有疮，下部亦有疮，自下利者，服黄连散。或疮疹出后烦喘、小
便不利者，宜进灯心汤。（二方并见疮疹后解余毒门中。）若疮疹烦喘甚者，即用麻黄汤（方见疮疹太盛门
中。）或咽喉痛并嗽，则加
入麝香。其有服冷药太过，咳嗽、手足冷、脉迟者，煎炮干姜、炙甘草各四钱，水一升二合，取四合服之。其
或下痢赤黄，脓血及浑身热，当与薤白汤（方见疮疹便脓血门中）解去恶积便瘥。有疹痘安、便攻动、眼生翳膜肿胀者，
皆因肝脏败热停留所致。切忌用点者药，惟宜利脾肺，解肝热毒，仍于眼边上下贴 药以散毒瓦斯，当服蕤仁散。
若生翳障重者，兼密蒙花散，量力服食，（二方并见疮疹入眼门中。）翳膜退则止。凡有时气天行疮痘者，则急预服豆汤，
则不发疮。（方见如前黑豆汁是。）或发疮而因天行热气， 疮自疼、壮热，则当以桂枝及去节麻黄、黄芩各半两为末，
量大小一二钱，暖水调下，覆令汗出，又以葛根散解肌出汗（方见疮疹已出未出门中。）凡身疼、壮热、头痛，若不与小
汗，
无由表散，大便久秘，毒瓦斯藏伏，心腹胀满，不与微利，无由释去邪毒，切在消息。若痘疮已出者，不可发表，
更增疮烂。若发脓痛甚者，即用干净黄土罗细为末敷之，仍数数食蜜。若疮势稍轻者，则用川芒硝以猪胆汁调
涂疮上，勿令动着，直候疮痂落。有大段疮发、不通卧席者，用麦麸簟卧将息。如痘疮作浆戴白脓者，其毒轻；
或紫黑色隐隐在肌肉里者，其毒重；甚者，五脏、咽喉内皆有疮。其大便涩、出血。疮黑靥不出脓者，死。舌
黑，鼻有黑气者，死。其或疹痘未出以前，热毒内逼，目睽上窜惊叫、有如惊风者，此乃疮欲出之候。若误认
为惊风调治，毒瓦斯内蓄，邪热不泄，乃死。或有恶疮既出，谵语不止，此是恶候，更以冷药解利，则使声喑，
疮疹反没，乃死。或用燥药太过，咽喉肿痛，猛发鼻血、喘嗽而死。或疮作白 ，忽然蓄入脏腑，渐作紫黑、
无脓、日夜烦闷者，服化毒散（方见疮疹倒 门中，）其毒瓦斯当从手足心出，乃瘥，此五死一生之候。若便血、疮坏无脓
者，十死不治候。大热疮毒顺出，然后根据证调理。有患瘟毒豆疮不出者，一法以地黄、雄黄令饮。然不可太多，
太多则反有所损。或饮啜食热乳积于腑脏者，当兼用药疗乳母。婴儿、孩童之性，阳盛而阴微，脏腑阴阳气稍
差逆，大小便多不顺利。自扁鹊、太仓公论疗婴孩药性有可饵者，皆先知节气阴阳治之，利脏腑，则病势渐解也。
张仲景论∶孩儿初生下时，宜进地黄汁，点在孩儿口中，退下黑屎，至壮年不患疮疹。及小儿生下未满一
百日以来，如遇天气和暖、无恶风之时，抱于日中，使皮肤紧密，常奈风日。若只在房室之间，或常于温暖之
处，忽乍见风日，使寒邪之气伏积脏腑，若遇天气不调，多作疮疹之候。若疮疹出，方得寒邪散、毒瓦斯消也。
若孩儿患疮子，父母即不得行房。若有触犯，使疮疹不出，毒瓦斯入心，闷乱而死。若已出之候，触之则令其疮
黑烂痛极，如刀割尔；设或疮疹得安，其瘢经年黑色。仲景谓疮疹未生之间，宜于房室烧赤术、猪甲二物，辟
恶气。父母常戒其色欲，亦令人守房室门，勿令外人入房，恐有触犯，令小儿疮疹难出。或得上喘、面青黄色
者，犹良。若因此犯而死者，不可胜数。又有疹痘安后，疮痂虽落，其瘢犹 ，肌肉或凹凹，再作疮疹，此因
安后不解利毒瓦斯，留滞败热后肌肉之间也。余历究诸古今方目，汉魏以前，疮疹之说经方不载，惟扁鹊有油剂，
仲景有数方，悉已修录。昔宋之秦承祖，晋中书令王 ，各有一方，亦见于后。自后巢元方乃论疹痘之症，《太
平圣惠》稍编其方，诸家方书亦少有载者。今所习诸方，皆世良工经用调理得效，秘而不传者。愚不忍坐视其
人之亡，故叙其传变脉证、病候及药，以广其传，庶使患者免罹夭伤之苦矣。
《活人书》论∶小儿疮疹与伤寒相类，头疼、身热、足冷、脉数，疑似之间，只与升麻
汤。（方见伤寒发斑门。）缘升麻
汤解肌，兼治疮子，已发未发皆可服。但不可疏转，此为大戒。伤寒身热固不可下，疮疹发热在表，尤不可转。
世人不学，乃云初觉以药利之，宣其毒也，误矣。又云疮痘已出，不可疏转，出得已定，或脓血太盛，却用疏
利，亦非也。大抵疮疹首尾皆不可下。小儿身热，耳冷、尻冷，咳嗽，辄用利药，即毒瓦斯入里杀人。但与化毒
汤、紫草木通汤（二方并见疮疹已出未出门、）鼠粘子汤（方见
疮疹攻咽痛门，）出得太盛，即用犀角地黄汤解之（方见疮疹太盛门中。）若疮痘
出不快，烦躁不得眠者，水解散（方见时气门中。）麻黄黄芩汤、（方
见伤寒门中。）升麻黄芩汤、（方见伤寒门中。）活血散主之。（方见疮疹出不快
门。）黑疮倒 ，猪尾无比散、龙脑膏子、无不验也。（三方并见疮疹倒 门中。）若热毒攻咽，
喉痛，如圣汤。（方见疮疹攻咽痛门。）疮痘
入眼，决明散、拨云散、密蒙花散、通圣散、蛤粉散主之。（五方并见疮疹入眼门。）治疮疹之法，无出此矣。
《全生指迷》论曰∶疮疹之疾，见《巢氏病源》及《千金要方》所载。或附于时行热病之后，亦无专论的确。
主疗之法，或出于俗传俚语，执以为法。今初得此疾，往往以胡荽酒、葡萄酒及投以诸温热药。咸云∶发之使
快，或出之未快，隐隐在皮肤间，则以火 人齿，酒调服之。又云∶始得此疾，不可投之凉药，恐胃冷致疮不
能发出，多以为疮疹宜温。余自历事以来，尝见执此论者，致使病患耳目口鼻悉平，咽中闭塞，大便坚秘，小
便皆血，如此死者，几三十余人。又或见 疮，其头黑色凹而不起者，则谓之倒 。亦由始得之，失于调解，
更增暖温汤药。孤阳无阴，郁毒不散，热无从出，反攻腑脏，其气俱绝，故使凹而不起。又加温药以发之，其
毙者不可胜数。余尝究此疾，大抵亦时气之一端。有如瘾疹麸片状者；有赤热如斑状者；有如豌豆之状者；或
大小不等皆出脓水者，亦谓之脓庖。盖毒瓦斯有浅深，故发之有异状。其先风邪外客于皮肤，热不得发泄者，则
为瘾疹之状，但皮肤痒瘙，而其疾亦轻。其先热蕴于内，外与风邪相连，客搏于血则为赤斑之状，其毒瓦斯深蕴
伏于脏腑，闭于经络，内外相合，热蓄血聚，壅过不行，结而成脓，则为 疮。大抵其疾始发，令人掏去痂，
令血出则定无瘢子。若从他至干，定隐一瘢子也。（刘洙并无方诀，内所引方与众人方同。）
董汲《斑疹总论》曰∶夫生民之道，自微而着，由小而大，此物理灼然，不待经史证据可知。然小儿气禀
微弱，故《短剧方》云∶人生六岁以上为小，六岁以下，经不全载。所以乳下婴儿有疾难治者，皆为无所根据。
至如小儿斑疹一候，不惟脉理难辨，而治疗最比他病尤重。始觉证与伤寒、阴痫相近。通都辅郡名医辈出，则
犹能辨其一二。远地左邑视病不精，失于详审，投药暴妄，加之小儿脏腑娇嫩，易为伤动。斑疹未出，往往疑
为伤风，即以麻黄等药，重发其汗，遂使表虚里实。若为阴痫治之，便用温惊药品，则热势愈盛。直至三四日。
证候已定，方得以斑疮药治之，则所失多矣。大率世俗医者，斑疹欲出，多以热药发之，遂使胃中热极。其初
作时，即斑疹见于皮下，其已出者，变黑色而如陷。既见不快，又用热药熏蒸其疾，斑疹得热则出，愈难转生。
热证大小中间，且与少惺惺散。唯候一二日。若身上无赤点，必是伤风。须候他五六日，必自安。若是伤食热，
一二日决自安。若是一二日身上有赤点，大便二三日不通，须用少药动。若是大便如常，切不可与他药吃，恐
冰住不出。若是患到四五六日却泄泻，须与他理中丸及温中药吃，其泻便止。若到四五日不大便，疮子又盛出，
却喘粗气急、腹胀、小便赤涩，须用四顺散通之。（甘草、大黄、芍药、当归。）若得通气不喘，
腹不胀，便休与药吃，渐次
安愈。若初觉有赤点子，大便如常，小便赤，须用药通过大便，要出快也。若出得色红而快，更不须通也。世
人言∶小儿疮已出，更不得下。设若疮子半出半不出，或盛出却大便不通，小便赤涩，喘粗腹胀， 齿唇干、
口燥引渴、谵语，急当下也，不下则不可。若半出半不出，或盛时却下利支厥，呕逆腹胀、吃噫，须急与理中、
四逆、姜附汤之类，不须疑，已试甚良。疮子发如脓窠、不肯 者，但调沙糖水与吃。疮子将欲干时，须得儿
头痛发热，皮毛洒淅如寒，手足耳鼻时冷，胸中烦躁，如以针刺其皮中，时或瘙痒甚者。至于昏睡谵语，其脉
或大小不定，其应指必疾，甚者至于六七至，非必日数深而后见，亦有始得之便发此证者，慎无惶惑，乱作别
治。故将往者为可鉴，及取近世已验之法条次于下∶其疾始觉头痛发热微寒，烦躁咽痛者，则以四味升麻汤（方
见疮疹已出未出门，《养生必用》同。）若瘙痒成瘾疹者，则以荆芥汤。时呕者，宜小柴胡汤。
不恶寒，但烦躁、小便赤涩、
多渴，成赤斑点者，则以竹叶汤、犀角饮子（四方并是疮疹已出未出门中。）大便不通者，则以四顺
饮子。（葛氏四味饮同，方见温壮门中。）
若昏甚谵言、大便不通，则与大承气汤。（方见疮疹大小便不通门。）若大便自利黑黄色，此毒瓦斯亦
有所出，亦不必广于汤剂，
恐重增他病。其大便已利，不得以温药助之，则其疮亦希少而自快利。但只以升麻汤、荆芥汤最佳。（方见同前。）
刘洙小儿疮子诀∶若小儿觉身热，或者疮痛，又恐是伤风、伤寒，又恐是伤食。未辨明，便不通，更以巴
豆取积药下之，则使儿脏腑内虚，热又不除，邪气益深，变为喘满，便血，或为 痈，身体裂破，遂使百年之
此时若面色变青，皮肤松弛无力，并吐出清稀涎沫的，也是痘疹发作的征兆。这都是因为医生误用过多寒凉泻下药，导致痘疹难以透发。凡是痘毒气血调和、脾脏温暖，就容易发出；如果服用寒凉药过多，就会导致血液凝涩、气机虚弱、脾脏寒冷，从而使痘毒难以宣泄，进而转变为凶险的证候。出现这种证候时，也可以服用薄荷散和脱齿散。如果见面色发青、呼吸粗重，大小便不通畅，痘毒尚未发出，应当服用滑石散（方剂见“疮疹出不快”门中）。如果大小便不通利，则服用脱齿散，随后观察面色和证候进行调理。有的患儿面色发红，这也是痘疹的征候。如果先红后青，属于逆证。或者患病数日后，面色发青或萎黄，四肢微冷，向上喘息且无痰涎，手足抽搐拘挛，这是由于三焦气机壅滞，血脉凝滞，气机不能相互荣养所致，应当使用薄荷散发泄痘毒。
小儿初患此病，就出现惊厥狂乱、身体发热、出汗。询问病情，发现身体并不怕冷，也不恶风，脉象洪大数急的，都应当使用下法。察觉到这些证候，在疹痘尚未发出之前，应当服用当归散（方剂见“疮疹未见乃可疏利”门中）。或者有先出现头痛，口鼻出热气，怕冷且高热，胸膈痞闷噎塞，生涎，心胃逆乱，口渴不止，脚趾发冷，口中发出臭气，两手脉象弦而或微弱，脾脉弦数的，这是因饥饿受损、感受邪热，应当发出赤疹。还有患头痛，身体不太热，口鼻有热气，咽喉干痛，面颊生疮，两眼如火烧般灼热，耳尖、手脚稍冷，两手脉象洪大，两三天后必定口渴、面色发红，时常怕冷，心胃逆乱，口中发出臭气，眼睛突然呈现朱红色，这也是伏匿性痘疹的征候。也应当先去除邪毒，药物必须用大黄汤荡涤攻下。不可使用巴豆、水银、轻粉，这些药物没有清除热毒的道理，反而会损伤脏腑。
如果觉得痘毒已经结聚在皮毛之间，微微似要发出，千万不可使用泻下法，如果误用泻下，痘毒反而内陷，蓄积在心间，邪气进入肺中，痘毒在内破坏而导致死亡。如果痘疹发出过于旺盛，化脓流水的，却应当用大黄类药物轻微泻下以清除毒素。如果在未发痘疹之前，曾经使用过泻下法，就不再用大黄类药物，只用解热药物清除败毒。多有愚昧世俗之人禁止服药，只指望巫术祈祷，不用药物泻利痘毒，导致大小便不通，热毒停积在脏腑，攻冲眼鼻，咽喉肿塞，口舌溃烂，束手待毙。
又有患痘疹症，口进凉药或调气药，随意处置。既然疹痘已经发出之后，又再次猛烈用药，用药失误，疾病形势已经败坏，即使是扁鹊也无门救疗，所以当时的人不能享尽天年。又按扁鹊治疗痘疹的方法：觉察到有痘疹的证候，先用油麻剂（方剂见“疮疹初出”门）解除四肢的极热，如服药后，过很久躺下休息，一会儿，服用至三五次，大小便利，四肢热退，邪毒逐渐解除，痘疹发出时也较轻。如果曾经服用大黄散泻下的，也不必再服此药。婴儿服用此药颇有益处。或者有未经解表泻利而痘毒已经发出的，服用解毒必圣散，或升麻散发散。（两个方剂见“疮疹已出未出”门，《博济》、《养生必用》方相同。）如果痘毒在肌肤，三四天隐隐不发，则紧急使用紫草饮子（方剂见“疮疹初出”门，与《圣惠方》相同），服用数次后痘疹就会发出。凡痘疹未发前，应当用黄柏膏（见“疮疹爱护面目”门，《圣惠方》相同）涂抹儿童面颊眼目之间，仍继续用胡荽酒（方剂见“疮疹初出”门）喷洒背部、四肢，令其迅速发出。
如果痘未发出，以及虽然发出但烦躁口渴的，宜服用甘草散（方剂见“疮疹太盛”门中）以轻微泻利，热毒即可停止。如果痘发出迟缓，也应当服用紫草饮子。成人针刺两腕尺骨茎突之间，或艾灸一壮，也有助于发出疹痘毒气。如果已经发出，则不必使用。如果疮候未成脓，心膈烦躁、睡眠不安的，服用青黛散、黑豆汁（两个方剂见“疮疹未见乃可疏利”门）。如果痘毒出尽后，宜服用黄芩散以解除余毒。如果呕吐服用此药，呕吐自然停止。如果口腔有疮，下部也有疮，自行腹泻的，服用黄连散。或者痘疹发出后烦喘、小便不利的，宜进灯心汤。（两个方剂并见“疮疹后解余毒”门中）。如果痘疹烦喘严重的，即用麻黄汤（方剂见“疮疹太盛”门中）。或者咽喉痛并咳嗽，则加入麝香。那些服用冷药太过，出现咳嗽、手脚冷、脉迟的，煎煮炮干姜、炙甘草各四钱，水一升二合，取四合服用。那些或下痢赤黄色，脓血及浑身发热，应当给予薤白汤（方剂见“疮疹便脓血”门中）解除并去除恶积，大便好转。有疹痘安定，但便动，眼睛生翳膜肿胀的，都是因为肝脏败热停留所致。切忌使用点眼药，只宜利脾肺，解肝热毒，仍在眼边上下贴药以散毒气，应当服用蕤仁散。如果生翳障严重的，兼用密蒙花散，量力服用（两个方剂并见“疮疹入眼”门中），翳膜退去则停药。
凡有时行瘟疫性质的痘疮，则紧急预先服用豆汤，就不会发出疮毒。（方剂见前述黑豆汁是）。或者发出疮毒而因时行热气，疮自疼痛、高热，则当用桂枝及去节麻黄、黄芩各半两研为末，根据年龄大小一二钱，暖水调下，覆盖令其出汗，又以葛根散解肌出汗（方剂见“疮疹已出未出”门中）。凡身体疼痛、高热、头痛，如果不给予小汗，无法从体表发散，大便久秘，毒气藏伏，心腹胀满，如果不给予轻微泻下，无法释去邪毒，切需斟酌考量。如果痘疮已经发出，不可发表，否则更增加疮烂。如果发脓疼痛严重的，即用干净黄土筛细为末敷之，仍多次食用蜂蜜。如果疮势稍轻的，则用川芒硝以猪胆汁调涂疮上，勿令触动，直候疮痂脱落。有大段疮发、不能卧席的，用麦麸簟卧将息。如痘疮作浆戴白脓的，其毒轻；或紫黑色隐隐在肌肉里的，其毒重；严重的，五脏、咽喉内皆有疮。其大便涩、出血。疮黑靥不出脓的，死。舌黑，鼻有黑气的，死。
那些或疹痘未出以前，热毒内逼，眼睛睁大上窜惊叫、有如惊风的，这是疮欲出的征候。如果误认为惊风调治，毒气内蓄，邪热不泄，乃死。或者有恶疮既出，谵语不止，这是恶候，再以冷药解利，则使声音嘶哑，疮疹反没，乃死。或用燥药太过，咽喉肿痛，猛发鼻血、喘嗽而死。或疮作白色，忽然蓄入脏腑，渐作紫黑、无脓、日夜烦闷的，服用化毒散（方剂见“疮疹倒靥”门中），其毒气应当从手足心出，乃痊愈，这是五死一生之候。如果便血、疮坏无脓的，十死不治之候。大热疮毒顺出，然后根据证候调理。有患瘟毒豆疮不出的，一法用地黄、雄黄令其饮用。然不可太多，太多则反有所损。或饮啜食热乳积于腑脏的，应当兼用药疗乳母。
婴儿、孩童的天性，阳盛而阴微，脏腑阴阳气稍有差逆，大小便多不顺利。自扁鹊、太仓公论述治疗婴孩药性有可服用的，都是先知节气阴阳来治疗，利脏腑，则病势逐渐解除。张仲景论述：孩子刚出生时，宜进地黄汁，点在孩子口中，排出黑屎，到壮年不患疮疹。以及小儿生下未满一百天以来，如遇天气和暖、无恶风之时，抱于日中，使皮肤紧密，常耐风日。如果只在房室之间，或常于温暖之处，忽乍见风日，使寒邪之气伏积脏腑，若遇天气不调，多作疮疹之候。如果疮疹发出，方得寒邪散、毒气消也。
如果孩子患疮子，父母即不得行房。若有触犯，使疮疹不出，毒气入心，闷乱而死。如果已出的征候，触之则令其疮黑烂痛极，如刀割一般；设或疮疹得安，其瘢痕经年黑色。仲景谓疮疹未生之间，宜于房室烧赤术、猪甲二物，辟恶气。父母常戒其色欲，亦令人守房室门，勿令外人入房，恐有触犯，令小儿疮疹难出。或得上喘、面青黄色的，犹良。若因此犯而死的，不可胜数。又有疹痘安后，疮痂虽落，其瘢痕犹不平，肌肉或凹凹，再作疮疹，这是因为安后不解利毒气，留滞败热于肌肉之间也。
我历究诸古今方目，汉魏以前，疮疹之说经方不载，惟扁鹊有油剂，仲景有数方，悉已修录。昔宋之秦承祖，晋中书令王，各有一方，亦见于后。自后巢元方乃论疹痘之症，《太平圣惠》稍编其方，诸家方书亦少有载者。今所习诸方，皆世良工经用调理得效，秘而不传者。我不忍坐视其人之亡，故叙其传变脉证、病候及药，以广其传，庶使患者免罹夭伤之苦矣。
《活人书》论述：小儿疮疹与伤寒相类，头疼、身热、足冷、脉数，疑似之间，只与升麻汤。（方剂见“伤寒发斑”门）。缘升麻汤解肌，兼治疮子，已发未发皆可服。但不可疏转（泻下），此为最大禁忌。伤寒身热固不可下，疮疹发热在表，尤不可转（泻下）。世人不学，乃云初觉以药利之，宣其毒也，误矣。又云疮痘已出，不可疏转，出得已定，或脓血太盛，却用疏利，亦非也。大抵疮疹首尾皆不可下。小儿身热，耳冷、尻冷，咳嗽，辄用利药，即毒气入里杀人。但与化毒汤、紫草木通汤（两个方剂并见“疮疹已出未出”门）、鼠粘子汤（方剂见“疮疹攻咽痛”门），出得太盛，即用犀角地黄汤解之（方剂见“疮疹太盛”门）。若疮痘出不快，烦躁不得眠的，用水解散（方剂见“时气”门）。麻黄黄芩汤、（方剂见“伤寒”门）、升麻黄芩汤、（方剂见“伤寒”门）、活血散主之。（方剂见“疮疹出不快”门）。黑疮倒靥，猪尾无比散、龙脑膏子，无不验也。（三个方剂并见“疮疹倒靥”门）。若热毒攻咽，喉痛，用如圣汤。（方剂见“疮疹攻咽痛”门）。疮痘入眼，决明散、拨云散、密蒙花散、通圣散、蛤粉散主之。（五个方剂并见“疮疹入眼”门）。治疮疹之法，无出此矣。
《全生指迷》论述说：疮疹之疾，见《巢氏病源》及《千金要方》所载。或附于时行热病之后，亦无专论的确。主疗之法，或出于俗传俚语，执以为法。今初得此疾，往往以胡荽酒、葡萄酒及投以诸温热药。咸云：发之使快，或出之未快，隐隐在皮肤间，则以火针人齿，酒调服之。又云：始得此疾，不可投之凉药，恐胃冷致疮不能发出，多以为疮疹宜温。我自历事以来，尝见执此论者，致使病患耳目口鼻悉平，咽中闭塞，大便坚秘，小便皆血，如此死者，几三十余人。又或见倒靥疮，其头黑色凹而不起的，则谓之倒靥。亦由始得之，失于调解，更增暖温汤药。孤阳无阴，郁毒不散，热无从出，反攻腑脏，其气俱绝，故使凹而不起。又加温药以发之，其毙者不可胜数。
我尝究此疾，大抵亦时气之一端。有如瘾疹麸片状的；有赤热如斑状的；有如豌豆状的；或大小不等皆出脓水的，亦谓之脓疱。盖毒气有浅深，故发之有异状。其先风邪外客于皮肤，热不得发泄的，则为瘾疹之状，但皮肤痒瘙，而其疾亦轻。其先热蕴于内，外与风邪相连，客搏于血则为赤斑之状，其毒气深蕴伏于脏腑，闭于经络，内外相合，热蓄血聚，壅过不行，结而成脓，则为脓疱。大抵其疾始发，令人掏去痂，令血出则定无瘢痕。若从他至干，定隐一瘢痕也。（刘洙并无方诀，内所引方与众人方同。）
董汲《斑疹总论》说：夫生民之道，自微而着，由小而大，此物理灼然，不待经史证据可知。然小儿气禀微弱，故《短剧方》云：人生六岁以上为小，六岁以下，经不全载。所以乳下婴儿有疾难治的，皆为无所根据。至如小儿斑疹一候，不惟脉理难辨，而治疗最比他病尤重。始觉证与伤寒、阴痫相近。通都辅郡名医辈出，则犹能辨其一二。远地左邑视病不精，失于详审，投药暴妄，加之小儿脏腑娇嫩，易为伤动。斑疹未出，往往疑为伤风，即以麻黄等药，重发其汗，遂使表虚里实。若为阴痫治之，便用温惊药品，则热势愈盛。直至三四日，证候已定，方得以斑疮药治之，则所失多矣。大率世俗医者，斑疹欲出，多以热药发之，遂使胃中热极。其初作时，即斑疹见于皮下，其已出者，变黑色而如陷。既见不快，又用热药熏蒸其疾，斑疹得热则出，愈难转生。
热证大小中间，且与少惺惺散。唯候一二日。若身上无赤点，必是伤风。须候他五六日，必自安。若是伤食热，一二日决自安。若是一二日身上有赤点，大便二三日不通，须用少药动。若是大便如常，切不可与他药吃，恐冰住不出。若是患到四五六日却泄泻，须与他理中丸及温中药吃，其泻便止。若到四五日不大便，疮子又盛出，却喘粗气急、腹胀、小便赤涩，须用四顺散通之。（甘草、大黄、芍药、当归）。若得通气不喘，腹不胀，便休与药吃，渐次安愈。若初觉有赤点子，大便如常，小便赤，须用药通过大便，要出快也。若出得色红而快，更不须通也。世人言：小儿疮已出，更不得下。设若疮子半出半不出，或盛出却大便不通，小便赤涩，喘粗腹胀，咬牙唇干、口燥引渴、谵语，急当下也，不下则不可。若半出半不出，或盛时却下利支厥，呕逆腹胀、吃噫，须急与理中、四逆、姜附汤之类，不须疑，已试甚良。
疮子发如脓窠、不肯结痂的，但调沙糖水与吃。疮子将欲干时，须得儿头痛发热，皮毛洒淅如寒，手足耳鼻时冷，胸中烦躁，如以针刺其皮中，时或瘙痒甚者。至于昏睡谵语，其脉或大小不定，其应指必疾，甚者至于六七至，非必日数深而后见，亦有始得之便发此证者，慎无惶惑，乱作别治。故将往者为可鉴，及取近世已验之法条次于下：其疾始觉头痛发热微寒，烦躁咽痛的，则以四味升麻汤（方剂见“疮疹已出未出”门，《养生必用》同）。若瘙痒成瘾疹的，则以荆芥汤。时呕的，宜小柴胡汤。不恶寒，但烦躁、小便赤涩、多渴，成赤斑点者的，则以竹叶汤、犀角饮子（四方并是疮疹已出未出门中）。大便不通的，则以四顺饮子。（葛氏四味饮同，方见“温壮”门中）。若昏甚谵言、大便不通，则与大承气汤。（方剂见“疮疹大小便不通”门）。若大便自利黑黄色，此毒气亦有所出，亦不必广于汤剂，恐重增他病。其大便已利，不得以温药助之，则其疮亦希少而自快利。但只以升麻汤、荆芥汤最佳。（方见同前）。
刘洙小儿疮子诀：若小儿觉身热，或者疮痛，又恐是伤风、伤寒，又恐是伤食。未辨明，便不通，更以巴豆取积药下之，则使儿脏腑内虚，热又不除，邪气益深，变为喘满，便血，或为痈，身体裂破，遂使百年之...
When the complexion turns cyan, the skin is flaccid and slow to react, and clear saliva is vomited, this is also a sign of variola (smallpox) or rubeola (measles). This is all caused by physicians mistakenly administering too many cold and purgative medicines, leading to difficulty in the eruption of sores. Generally, when the pathogenic factors of sores are harmonious with Qi and Blood, and the Spleen is warm, eruption is easy; however, if too many cold medicines are taken, it leads to stagnant Blood, weak Qi, and a cold Spleen, making it difficult for the toxic heat of sores to be discharged, thereby transforming into a malignant condition. For such conditions, Bohe San (Mint Powder) and Tuochi San (Tooth-Exfoliating Powder) may also be administered. If the face is cyan, breathing is coarse, and both urination and defecation are obstructed, with sores not yet erupted, Huashi San (Talcum Powder) should be advanced (formula see "Sore Eruption Difficulty" section). If urination and defecation are not smooth, Tuochi San should be taken, followed by observation of color and symptoms for further treatment. Some patients have a red complexion, which is also a sign of sores. If the complexion changes from red to cyan, it indicates an adverse prognosis. Or, after several days of illness, if the face is cyan or sallow, limbs are slightly cold, there is upward panting without phlegm, and hands and feet twitch and contract, this is due to congestion of Qi in the Triple Burner, stagnation of blood vessels, and failure of Qi to nourish each other. Mint Powder should be used to vent and discharge the sore toxins.
In infants, upon initial onset, there may be惊狂 (convulsions and mania), fever, and sweating. Upon inquiry, the body does not feel cold, nor is there aversion to wind, and the pulse is洪数 (surging and rapid); in such cases, purgation is indicated. Recognizing these symptoms, before the rash erupts, Danggui San (Angelica Sinensis Powder) should be taken (formula see "Purgation Before Rash Appearance" section). If there is initial headache, hot air exhaled from mouth and nose, aversion to cold with high fever, chest and diaphragm fullness and oppression, salivation, rebellious Heart Qi, incessant thirst, cold toes, foul breath, wiry or weak pulses in both hands, and a wiry-rapid pulse in the Spleen position, this is due to injury from hunger and pathogenic heat, requiring the eruption of red rashes. There are also cases of headache, slight fever, hot air from mouth and nose, dry and painful throat, sores on cheeks, eyes burning like fire, slightly cold ear tips and extremities, surging-large pulses in both hands, followed by thirst and red face after two or three days, intermittent aversion to cold, rebellious Heart Qi, foul breath, and eyes suddenly appearing vermilion; this is also a sign of latent variola/rubella. The pathogenic toxins must first be removed using Dahuang Tang (Rhubarb Decoction) to purge. Baidu (Croton Seed), Shuiyin (Mercury), and Qingfen (Calomel) must not be used, as they lack the ability to clear heat toxins and instead damage the Zang organs.
If it feels as though toxins have gathered between the skin and hair follicles and are slightly emerging, purgation must strictly be avoided. Mistaken purgation causes the toxin to sink back, accumulating in the Heart, entering the Lungs, causing internal destruction of sores and death. If sores erupt excessively and suppurate with pus and water, mild purgation with Dahuang-containing medicines should be used to remove toxins. If purgation was already performed before the eruption, Dahuang medicines should not be used; instead, heat-clearing medicines should be used to eliminate residual toxins. Many ignorant laypeople forbid medication, relying only on witchcraft and prayers, failing to use medicines to purge sores, leading to obstruction of urination and defecation, retention of heat toxins in the Zang-Fu, attacking eyes and nose, swelling and blockage of throat, rotting of mouth and tongue, resulting in helpless death.
Others treat rash symptoms with cold or Qi-regulating medicines arbitrarily. After the rash has erupted, if harsh medicines are used again due to error, the disease becomes incurable even by Bian Que, causing premature death. According to Bian Que's method for treating variola: upon sensing symptoms, first use Youma Ji (Sesame Oil Preparation) (formula see "Initial Eruption" section) to relieve extreme heat in the four limbs. After taking the medicine, rest for a while, then take 3-5 doses until urination and defecation are smooth, limb heat subsides, and pathogenic toxins gradually resolve, resulting in milder eruption. If Dahuang San (Rhubarb Powder) was previously taken, this medicine is unnecessary. It is beneficial for infants. If toxins have erupted without prior resolution/purgation, Jiedu Bisheng San (Certain Miracle Detoxifying Powder) or Shengma San (Cimicifuga Powder) should be taken (two formulas see "Erupted or Not" section, same as *Boji* and *Yangsheng Biyong*). If toxins are in the skin and muscles but do not emerge clearly after 3-4 days, Zicao Yinzi (Arnebia Decoction) should be urgently used (formula see "Initial Eruption", same as *Shenghui*), and after several doses, sores will erupt. Before eruption, Huangbai Gao (Phellodendron Ointment) (see "Protecting Face and Eyes" section, same as *Shenghui*) should be applied to the cheeks and eyes, and Huisu Jiu (Coriander Wine) (formula see "Initial Eruption") sprayed on the back and limbs to promote rapid eruption.
If sores have not erupted, or have erupted with irritability and thirst, Gancao San (Licorice Powder) (see "Excessive Eruption" section) should be taken to mildly purge, stopping heat toxins. If eruption is delayed, Zicao Yinzi should also be taken. For adults, acupuncture at the radial styloid process of both wrists, or one moxa cone, also assists in erupting rash toxins. If already erupted, this is unnecessary. If sores have not suppurated, with irritability in the chest/diaphragm and restless sleep, Qingdai San (Indigo Powder) and Heidou Zhi (Black Soybean Juice) should be taken (two formulas see "Purgation Before Appearance" section). After toxins are fully expelled, Huangqin San (Scutellaria Powder) should be taken to resolve residual toxins. If vomiting occurs, this stops it. If there are sores in the mouth and lower body with diarrhea, Huanglian San (Coptis Powder) is indicated. If irritability, panting, and difficult urination occur after eruption, Dengxin Tang (Juncus Decoction) should be advanced (both formulas see "Resolving Residual Toxins After Eruption" section). If panting is severe, Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) should be used (see "Excessive Eruption" section). If there is sore throat and cough, add Shexiang (Musk). If excessive cold medicines were taken, leading to cough, cold hands/feet, and slow pulse, Pao Ganjiang (Prepared Ginger) and Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice), 4 qian each, decocted in 1.2 sheng of water to yield 4 he, should be taken. For dysentery with yellow-red stool, pus/blood, and whole-body fever, Xiebai Tang (Allium Macrostemon Decoction) (see "Dysentery with Pus/Blood" section) should be given to resolve evil accumulation and improve bowel movements.
If variola stabilizes but moves downward, causing eye nebulae and swelling, this is due to lingering敗热 (defeated heat) in the Liver. Eye drops must be strictly avoided; instead, benefit the Spleen and Lungs, resolve Liver heat toxins, apply medicines around the eyes to disperse toxins, and administer Ruiren San (Buckthorn Seed Powder). For severe nebulae, combine with Mimenghua San (Descurainia Flower Powder), dosing according to strength (two formulas see "Sores Entering Eyes" section); stop when nebulae recede. For epidemic variola, urgently pre-administer Dou Tang (Bean Decoction) to prevent eruption (formula see Black Soybean Juice above). If eruption occurs due to epidemic heat, with painful sores and high fever, use Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), Qujie Mahuang (De-stemmed Ephedra), and Huangqin (Scutellaria), 0.5 liang each, powdered, mixed with warm water (1-2 qian based on age), covered to induce sweat, followed by Gegen San (Kudzu Powder) to release the muscle layer (formula see "Erupted or Not" section). For body pain, high fever, and headache, if minor sweating is not induced, pathogens cannot be dispersed from the exterior; if constipation persists, toxins remain hidden; if abdominal distension exists, mild purgation is needed to release pathogens; careful consideration is required. If sores have erupted, exterior-releasing methods must not be used, lest they worsen ulceration. If suppuration and pain are severe, apply finely sifted clean yellow earth powder and consume honey frequently. If sores are mild, apply Chuan Mangxiao (Niter) mixed with pig bile to the sores, avoiding disturbance, until scabs fall off. For severe eruptions preventing lying on mats, lie on a wheat-bran mat. If pustules form white pus, toxicity is light; if purple-black and hidden in muscles, toxicity is heavy; in severe cases, sores exist in five Zang organs and throat. With constipation and bleeding, black scabs without pus indicate death. Black tongue and black qi from nostrils indicate death.
Before eruption, if heat toxins force inward, causing wide-open staring eyes, upward rolling, screaming, resembling convulsions, this is a sign of impending eruption. Mistaking this for convulsions and treating accordingly causes toxin accumulation, failure to vent pathogenic heat, and death. If malignant sores erupt with incessant delirium, this is a malignant sign; treating with cold medicines causes aphonia, sinking of sores, and death. Overuse of drying medicines causes sore throat/swelling, sudden epistaxis, panting/cough, and death. If sores turn white, suddenly sink into Zang-Fu, become purple-black, lack pus, and cause day/night irritability, Huadu San (Detoxifying Powder) (see "Inverse Sores" section) should be taken; toxins should exit via palms and soles for recovery; this is a "five deaths, one life" prognosis. Hematochezia and necrotic sores without pus indicate ten deaths, no cure. For smooth eruption of major heat toxins, regulate according to symptoms. For epidemic bean pox not erupting, one method uses Dihuang (Rehmannia) and Xionghuang (Realgar) drink, but not in excess, lest it cause harm. If hot milk accumulates in Zang-Fu due to drinking/eating, the lactating mother should also be treated. Infants and children have Yang abundance and Yin deficiency; slight imbalance of Zang-Fu Yin-Yang Qi leads to irregular urination/defecation. Since Bian Que and Taichanggong discussed pediatric medicines, they prioritized solar terms and Yin-Yang regulation to benefit Zang-Fu and resolve disease.
Zhang Zhongjing stated: Upon birth, Dihuang juice should be instilled in the infant's mouth to expel black stool, preventing variola in adulthood. For infants under 100 days, during warm weather without evil winds, expose them to sunlight to tighten skin and acclimatize to wind/sun. Keeping them indoors or in warmth, then suddenly exposing them to wind/sun, causes cold pathogens to accumulate in Zang-Fu; with climate irregularity, this often leads to variola. Only when sores erupt does cold pathogen dissipate and toxins消 (disappear). Parents must abstain from intercourse if the child has sores; violation causes non-eruption, toxin entry into Heart, confusion, and death. If already erupted, violation causes black, rotten, excruciatingly painful sores; if healed, scars remain black for years. Zhongjing advised burning Chizhu (Atractylodes) and Zhu Jia (Pig Nails) in the room before sores appear to repel evil qi. Parents should curb lust, guard doors against outsiders to prevent violation and hindered eruption. Wheezing and cyan-yellow face are still good signs. Deaths from violation are countless. After recovery, if scabs fall but scars remain uneven/muscles depressed, and sores recur, this is due to failure to resolve toxins post-recovery, leaving defeated heat in muscles.
I have studied ancient and modern formularies; pre-Han/Wei texts did not record variola formulas, except for Bian Que's oil preparation and Zhongjing's few formulas, which I have recorded. Qin Chengzu of Song and Wang [Name Missing] of Jin each had one formula, also recorded later. Later, Chao Yuanfang discussed rash/variolous symptoms, and *Taiping Shenghui* compiled some formulas, though rarely cited elsewhere. Current popular formulas are those proven effective by skilled practitioners, kept secret.不忍 (cannot bear) to watch people die, I narrate the transmission, pulse/symptoms, and medicines to spread knowledge, sparing patients premature suffering.
*Huoren Shu* states: Pediatric sores resemble Taiyang syndrome (exogenous febrile disease), with headache, fever, cold feet, and rapid pulse. In doubtful cases, only Shengma Tang (Cimicifuga Decoction) should be given (see "Taiyang Macula" section). Shengma Tang releases the muscle layer and treats sores, usable whether erupted or not. However, purgation (Shuzhuan) is strictly forbidden. Taiyang fever should not be purged; sores with exterior heat especially must not be purged. Ignorant people claim early purgation vents toxins, which is wrong. Others say post-eruption purgation is fine if pus/blood are excessive, which is also wrong. Generally, sores must never be purged at start or end. Purging in children with fever, cold ears/buttocks, and cough sends toxins inward, causing death. Instead, use Huadu Tang (Detoxifying Decoction), Zicao Mutong Tang (Arnebia and Akebia Decoction) (see "Erupted or Not"), Niuzibang Tang (Arctium Decoction) (see "Throat Pain"), and if excessive, Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhino Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) (see "Excessive Eruption"). For slow eruption with irritability/insomnia, Shuijie San (Water-Relieving Powder) (see "Seasonal Disease"), Mahuang Huangqin Tang (Ephedra and Scutellaria Decoction), Shengma Huangqin Tang (Cimicifuga and Scutellaria Decoction) (both see "Taiyang"), and Huoxue San (Blood-Invigorating Powder) (see "Slow Eruption") are indicated. For black inverse sores, Zhuwei Wubi San (Pig Tail Peerless Powder), Longnao Gaozi (Borneol Paste) are effective (see "Inverse Sores"). For heat toxins attacking throat, Rusheng Tang (Like-Saint Decoction) (see "Throat Pain"). For eyes entering sores, Jueming San (Cassia Seed Powder), Boyun San (Cloud-Piercing Powder), Mimenghua San, Tongsheng San, Ha Fen San (Clam Shell Powder) are indicated (all see "Eye Entry"). These are the ultimate methods.
*Quansheng Zhimi* states: Sores are recorded in *Chao Shi Bing Yuan* and *Qianjin Yaofang*, often following epidemic heat, without specific definitive theory. Treatments often rely on folk sayings. Initially, Huisu Jiu, wine, and warm/hot medicines are used to hasten eruption. If stuck in skin, fire-needle teeth with wine is used. Cold medicines are forbidden to avoid stomach cold hindering eruption, favoring warmth. I have seen many deaths (nearly 30) from adherents causing flat features, blocked throat, constipation, and hematuria. Inverse sores (black, sunken) result from initial mismanagement adding warm medicines, leading to isolated Yang, trapped toxins, internal attack, and death. Further warming accelerates death. I study this as part of seasonal diseases. Types include urticaria-like flakes, red maculae-like spots, pea-like bumps, or varying sizes with pus (pustules). Depth of toxins varies eruption appearance. Wind-pathogens on skin with trapped heat cause urticaria (itchy, mild). Internal heat combined with wind invading blood causes red maculae. Deep visceral entrapment, meridian closure, heat/blood stagnation causing pus results in pustules. Picking scabs to bleed prevents scarring; natural drying leaves scars. (Liu Zhu has no unique formulas, citing common ones).
Dong Ji's *Ban Zhen Zonglun* states: Life grows from small to large. Infants have weak Qi; *Duanju Fang* notes children under six are hard to treat due to lack of textual basis. Pediatric macular/rash conditions are hard to pulse-diagnose and critical. Initial symptoms resemble Taiyang syndrome or Yin epilepsy. Famous doctors in capitals can distinguish them; remote areas often misdiagnose as wind-cold, using heavy Ma Huang (Ephedra) sweating, causing exterior deficiency and interior excess. Treating as Yin epilepsy with warm/convulsion medicines increases heat. By days 3-4, diagnosis is set, but much time is lost. Secular doctors use hot medicines to erupt sores, causing extreme stomach heat. Early subcutaneous maculae turn black and sink. Continued heating makes eruption harder to reverse. Use Shao Xingxing San (Minor Awakening Powder) for moderate heat. Wait 1-2 days. No red spots = wind-cold (wait 5-6 days for self-resolution). Food-stagnation heat resolves in 1-2 days. Red spots + constipation (2-3 days) = mild purgation needed. Normal stool = no medicine (fear of freezing eruption). Days 4-6 diarrhea = Lizhong Wan (Regulate Middle Pill) and warm medicines. Days 4-5 constipation + severe sores + panting/distension/red urine = Sishun San (Four Compliance Powder: Licorice, Rhubarb, Peony, Angelica) to unblock. Once breathing/abdomen normalize, stop medicine for gradual recovery. Initial red spots + normal stool + red urine = use medicine to move bowels for faster eruption. Red/fast eruption = no purgation needed. People say no purgation post-eruption. But if half-erupted/half-hidden, or excessive with constipation/red urine/panting/distension/grinding teeth/dry lips/thirst/delirium, urgent purgation is required. If half-erupted with diarrhea/cold limbs/vomiting/distension, urgently use Lizhong, Sini, Jiangfu Tang (Ginger-Aconite Decoction). Tested effective. For pustule-like sores not crusting, give sugar water. As sores dry, expect headache/fever/chills/cold extremities/irritation/itching/delirium/surging pulse (6-7 beats per breath). Do not panic or treat differently.
Previous cases serve as warning. Recent verified methods listed below: Initial headache/fever/chill/irritability/sore throat = Siwei Shengma Tang (Four-Ingredient Cimicifuga Decoction) (see "Erupted or Not", same as *Yangsheng Biyong*). Itching/urticaria = Jingjie Tang (Schizonepeta Decoction). Vomiting = Xiao Chaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction). No chill, only irritability/red urine/thirst/red spots = Zhuye Tang (Bamboo Leaf Decoction), Xijiao Yinzi (Rhino Horn Drink) (four formulas see "Erupted or Not"). Constipation = Sishun Yinzi (Four Compliance Drink) (same as Ge Shi Siwei Yin, see "Warm Fever"). Severe delirium/constipation = Da Chengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) (see "Urination/Defecation Obstruction"). Spontaneous black-yellow stool = toxins exiting; avoid extensive decoctions to prevent new illnesses. Post-purgation, do not use warm medicines, lest sores become sparse and self-resolve. Shengma Tang and Jingjie Tang are best.
Liu Zhu's Pediatric Sores Formula: If infant has fever/sores pain, fearing wind-cold or food stagnation, and constipation, do not use Baidu (Croton) to purge accumulation, causing interior deficiency, persistent heat, deepening pathogens, wheezing/fullness, hematochezia, carbuncles, body splitting, and premature death.