凡临病家诊视小儿,无论病之轻重,证之顺逆,稍长者令其本身忌口,乳子即令乳母忌口,严禁荤酒油腻,
酸咸辛辣,但可香茶白饭,稍用蜜饯糖食而已。盖乳房为胃经所主,饮食入胃,腐化精微而为荣血,贮于冲脉,
冲脉载以上行,遂变赤为白而为乳汁。小儿赖此以为命,与乳母气候相关,吉凶共际。是以母食热,子受热;
母食寒,子受寒;母食毒,子中毒。又惟荤酒油腻,甘肥凝滞之物为尤甚,故凡小儿有病,但得乳母忌口,
即不药亦能自愈。不观穷乡僻壤,藜藿单寒之家,所育之子,肥实壮健,而且少病,病亦易愈。人但云他人之
子,何以易育?不知他家无甘肥凝腻,口腹清淡,所以病少而易育;自家乳母,纵口饮啖,荤酒不忌,医虽
用药得法,其如乳汁不清,胃口油滞,不能宣布药力,所以多病难医也。此至紧至要关头,医者不为切戒,其
咎在医,至于病家,每多自误。凡乳子有病,其母于房劳食饮,寒暑喜怒,一毫不慎,惟责效于医之草根树皮,
讵知刀头圭角,能胜其无情之相火,能制其有质之油腻耶?徒令医者劳心,病儿受苦,深可悲悯!复有妇人姑
息之爱,切要提防。昔予一堂弟年八岁,因病伤寒几死,得遇明者保全,稍能步履,医嘱严忌荤腥。予伯母觌
面承错,私以烂蹄花一碗与之。病患见肉,登时食尽,时予目睹其事。夜即变证,四肢厥冷,口吐白沫,喉内
痰鸣,两目直视而绝。予伯与医者惊惶无措,莫测其由,因询曾食何物?伯母坚辞无有,微风不露,予亦莫敢
直言。医者无可下手,遂辞去。予取山楂肉,炒研细末,以浓姜汤调灌数次。盖山楂多服,最能通利,五更大泻
数行,所下油腻胶滞之物,内有精肉犹存,人事倏清。伯见所下之物,始
知食肉生变,痛詈其母,几至反目。幸予在侧开解之,令予调理,予为畅脾而安。此等暧昧,苟非予之目击,伯
母必不直告,即至真死,彼亦不言,医者亦不知其何以变证而死!可见妇女误事,为祸如此其烈也。凡类此者,
以天下之大,又岂特一人而已。故凡遇膏粱宦室,不可不谆切言之,以杜其姑息之害。
小儿在胎之时,冲脉运血以养之;及其产下,冲脉载血以乳之。乳为血化,所以儿之脾胃,独与此乳汁相
吻合,其他则皆非所宜矣。凡小儿一周二岁,止可饮之以乳,切不可 以谷食。盖谷食有形之物,坚硬难消。
儿之脾气未强,不能运化,每多因食致病。倘乳少必欲借谷食调养者,须以早米炒熟磨粉,微入白糖,滚汤
调服,不致停滞。至于肉食,尤为有害。凡小儿五岁之内,能忌肉食,终身无脾病。无奈愚夫愚妇,莫可理
喻,见儿病稍愈,即以肉食饲之,谬云虚补不如实补,谓药补为虚,肉补为实。不知此语出于何经?妄诞无知,
真堪唾骂!及其脾胃凝滞,儿病复作,始为仓惶懊悔,是谁之咎!故小儿病后,必不可妄用荤腥,只可素食调
理,或一月半月,待其脾气已健,始可略与清汤,仍不得过用甘肥。盖甘肥之物,非但不能益儿,适足以致病。
医者能知此意,治病必不掣肘;病家能根据禁忌,断无反复之虞。此非摸拟之辞,实知之深,见之确,端本澄源,
莫切乎此。予虽未学,临证有年,病家之弊,无不周知,故不得不剖心相告,庶后贤知所提备云。
凡到病家为小儿诊视,无论病情轻重、证候顺逆,稍长一些的孩子要令其本人忌口,吃奶的婴儿则要令乳母忌口。严禁食用荤腥、酒类和油腻食物,以及酸咸辛辣之物,只可饮用香茶、食用白饭,稍微吃点蜜饯糖食罢了。因为乳房由胃经所主,饮食进入胃中,经过腐熟消化转化为精微物质而形成营血,储存在冲脉中,冲脉承载血液向上运行,于是血液由红变白而成为乳汁。小儿依赖此乳汁维持生命,与乳母的体质气候密切相关,吉凶祸福共同承受。因此母亲吃热性食物,孩子就受热;母亲吃寒性食物,孩子就受寒;母亲吃有毒食物,孩子就中毒。尤其是荤腥、酒类、油腻、甘甜肥厚且凝滞难化的食物危害尤为严重。所以凡是小儿患病,只要乳母能忌口,即使不吃药也能自愈。没看到那些穷乡僻壤、贫寒之家养育的孩子,身体肥壮健壮,而且少生病,生病也容易痊愈吗?人们只说别人的孩子为什么容易抚养,却不知道他们家中没有甘甜肥厚凝腻的食物,饮食清淡,所以生病少且容易抚养;而自己家的乳母,放纵口腹之欲,荤酒不忌,医生虽然用药得当,但奈何乳汁不清,胃口油滞,不能宣通散布药力,所以多病且难以医治。这是至关重要、非常关键的关头,医生如果不加以严厉告诫,过错在医生;至于病家,往往多是自我误治。凡是吃奶的孩子有病,其母亲如果在房事、饮食、寒暑、喜怒等方面稍有疏忽不慎,却只指望依靠医生的草根树皮(指中药)来见效,哪里知道这些药物怎能战胜其无情相火,怎能制约其有形的油腻呢?白白让医生劳心费神,让孩子受苦,实在令人悲悯!又有妇人姑息溺爱之情,需要特别提防。过去我有一位堂弟八岁时,因患伤寒几乎死亡,遇到明医保全性命,刚能行走时,医嘱严格禁止荤腥。我的伯母当面认错,私下给他一碗烂蹄花。病人看见肉,立刻吃光,我当时亲眼目睹此事。当晚病情突变,四肢厥冷,口吐白沫,喉间痰鸣,两眼直视而昏迷。我和伯父及医生惊慌失措,不知原因,于是询问曾吃过什么?伯母坚决否认,掩饰得很严密,我也不敢直言。医生无法下手治疗,只好辞去。我取山楂肉,炒后研成细末,用浓姜汤调服灌下数次。因为山楂多服最能通利消导,五更时分腹泻数次,排出的都是油腻胶滞之物,里面还有未消化的精肉,人事才突然清醒。伯父看到排出的东西,才知道吃肉导致病情变化,痛骂其母,差点反目成仇。幸好我在旁边劝解,让我调理,我为他健脾安神。这种暧昧不明的事,如果不是我亲眼目睹,伯母必定不会直告,即使孩子真的死了,她也不会说,医生也不知道为什么会变证而死!可见妇女误事,造成的祸害如此猛烈。像这类情况,以天下之大,难道只有一个人吗?所以凡是遇到富贵官宦人家,不可不谆谆恳切地告知,以杜绝其姑息溺爱的危害。
小儿在胎儿时期,冲脉运送血液以滋养它;等到出生后,冲脉载运血液以形成乳汁。乳汁由血化生,所以小儿的脾胃,唯独与此乳汁相适应,其他食物则都不适宜。凡是小儿一到两岁,只能饮之以乳,切不可喂食谷物食物。因为谷物是有形之物,坚硬难消化。小儿脾气未强,不能运化,常常因为饮食致病。如果乳汁不足,一定要借谷物食物调养,必须用早米炒熟磨成粉,稍微加入白糖,用滚开水调服,才不会停滞。至于肉食,更是有害。凡是五岁以内的小儿,如果能忌口肉食,终身不会有脾病。无奈愚昧的夫妇,不可理喻,见孩子病稍好,就用肉食喂养,荒谬地说虚补不如实补,认为药补是虚,肉补是实。不知道这话出自哪部经典?狂妄荒诞无知,真该唾骂!等到脾胃凝滞,孩子疾病复发,才开始惊慌懊悔,这是谁的过错!所以小儿病后,绝不可妄用荤腥,只可用素食调理,或者一个月半个月,等待其脾气强健后,才可以稍微给予清汤,仍然不得过量使用甘甜肥厚之物。因为甘甜肥厚之物,不仅不能有益于孩子,反而足以导致疾病。医生能明白这层意思,治病必然不会受阻;病家能遵守禁忌,断然没有反复的忧虑。这不是模仿套话,而是深知此理,见识确切,从根本上澄源正本,没有比这更贴切的了。我虽然学识浅薄,但临证多年,对病家的弊端无不周知,所以不得不推心置腹地告知,希望后来的贤者知道提防。
Whenever attending a pediatric case, regardless of the severity of the illness or the favorable/unfavorable nature of the syndrome, for children old enough to eat solid food, instruct them to observe dietary restrictions; for infants breastfeeding, instruct the nursing mother to observe dietary restrictions. Strictly prohibit consumption of meat, alcohol, and greasy foods, as well as sour, salty, pungent, and spicy items. Only fragrant tea and plain rice are permitted, with perhaps some honey-preserved fruits or sugar confections in small amounts. This is because the breasts are governed by the Stomach Meridian (Stomach Channel). Food entering the stomach undergoes rotting and ripening to transform into fine essence, which becomes Ying Blood (Nutritive Blood), stored in the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel). The Chong Mai carries blood upward, transforming it from red to white to become breast milk. Infants rely on this for life, sharing the physiological climate with the nursing mother, experiencing both auspicious and inauspicious outcomes together. Therefore, if the mother consumes hot-natured food, the child receives heat; if she consumes cold-natured food, the child receives cold; if she consumes toxic food, the child suffers toxicity. Among these, meat, alcohol, greasy, sweet, rich, and stagnating foods are particularly harmful. Thus, whenever an infant falls ill, if the nursing mother observes dietary restrictions, the illness can heal spontaneously even without medication. Have you not observed that children raised in remote, poor households, living on simple coarse food, are often robust and healthy, with few illnesses that resolve easily? People wonder why others' children are easier to raise, not realizing that those families lack sweet, rich, and stagnating foods, maintaining a light diet, hence fewer illnesses and easier recovery. In contrast, one's own nursing mother may indulge her appetite, disregarding restrictions on meat and alcohol. Even if the physician prescribes appropriate medicine, the uncleared quality of the milk and the oily stagnation of the digestive system prevent the medicinal power from being disseminated effectively, resulting in frequent and difficult-to-treat illnesses. This is a critical juncture; if the physician fails to strictly warn against it, the fault lies with the physician. As for the family, they often cause their own harm. When a breastfeeding infant is ill, if the mother is negligent regarding sexual activity, diet, temperature changes, or emotional states, yet relies solely on herbal remedies (roots and bark) for cure, how can such herbs overcome the ruthless "Ministerial Fire" (Xiang Huo) or neutralize tangible grease? This only causes the physician mental distress and the child suffering, which is deeply pitiable. Furthermore, the indulgent love of women requires vigilance. Once, my eighth-year-old cousin nearly died from Taiyang Disease (Cold Damage Syndrome) but was saved by a skilled physician. After recovering enough to walk, he was strictly ordered to avoid meat and fish. My aunt, having apologized face-to-face, secretly gave him a bowl of stewed trotters. Seeing the meat, he ate it all immediately, which I witnessed. That night, his condition deteriorated: limbs became cold, he vomited white foam, had phlegm rales in the throat, stared fixedly, and lost consciousness. My uncle and the physician were panicked and confused about the cause. Upon asking what he had eaten, the aunt denied it vehemently, hiding it well, so I dared not speak out. With no treatment strategy available, the physician resigned. I took Hawthorn Fruit (Shanzha), stir-fried and ground into powder, mixed with strong ginger decoction, and administered several times. Large doses of Hawthorn Fruit are excellent for promoting digestion and clearing stagnation. By early morning, he had several bowel movements, expelling greasy, sticky substances containing undigested meat, after which he regained consciousness. Seeing the excrement, my uncle realized the meat caused the deterioration, scolded his wife severely, almost leading to a rift. Fortunately, I intervened and advised me to treat him; I regulated his Spleen and calmed his mind. Such ambiguous situations, if not witnessed by me, would likely never be confessed by the aunt, even if the child died; the physician would remain unaware of the cause of death! Thus, the harm caused by women's negligence can be so severe. Given the vastness of the world, is there only one such case? Therefore, when dealing with wealthy or official families, one must earnestly explain this to prevent the dangers of indulgence.
During fetal development, the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel) transports blood to nourish the fetus; after birth, it carries blood to produce milk. Since milk is transformed from blood, an infant's Spleen and Stomach are uniquely adapted to this milk, while other foods are unsuitable. For infants aged one to two years, only milk should be consumed; grain foods must absolutely be avoided. Grain foods are tangible, hard, and difficult to digest. An infant's Spleen Qi (Vital Energy) is not yet strong and cannot transport and transform them, often leading to illness due to improper feeding. If milk is insufficient and grain food is necessary for nourishment, early rice should be stir-fried until cooked, ground into powder, mixed with a little white sugar, and taken with boiling water to prevent stagnation. Meat is even more harmful. Children under five who abstain from meat will generally not suffer Spleen diseases throughout their lives. Regrettably, ignorant parents are unreasonable; seeing the child recover slightly, they feed them meat, falsely claiming that "real supplementation is better than empty supplementation," asserting that medicinal tonification is "empty" while meat tonification is "real." From which classic does this saying originate? It is arrogant, absurd, and ignorant, deserving of scorn! Only when Spleen and Stomach stagnation occurs and the illness recurs do they panic and regret. Whose fault is this? Therefore, after an illness, infants must absolutely not use meat or fish recklessly; only vegetarian diets should be used for regulation. For one to half a month, wait until the Spleen Qi is robust before offering clear broths, still avoiding excessive sweet and rich foods. Sweet and rich foods not only fail to benefit the child but are sufficient to cause disease. If physicians understand this, treatment will not be hindered; if families follow these prohibitions, there will be no risk of relapse. This is not mere rhetoric, but based on deep knowledge and accurate observation. To rectify the root and clarify the source, nothing is more pertinent than this. Although my learning is limited, I have years of clinical experience and am fully aware of the faults of patients' families. Thus, I must speak from the heart, hoping future practitioners will take heed.