儿之初生有病，亦惟胎弱、胎毒二者而已矣。胎弱者，禀受于气之不足也。子干父母，一体而分，而禀受
不可不察。如禀肺气为皮毛，肺气不足，则皮薄怯寒，毛发不生；禀心气为血脉，心气不足，则血不华色，面
无光彩；受脾气为肉，脾气不足，则肌肉不生，手足如削；受肝气为筋，肝气不足，则筋不束骨，机关不利；
受肾气为骨，肾气不足，则骨节软弱，久不能行。此皆胎禀之病，随其脏气而求之。所谓父强母弱，生女必羸；
父弱母强，生儿必弱。故小儿有头破颅解，神慢气怯，项软头倾，手足痿软，齿生不齐，发生不黑，行住坐立，
须人扶掖者，此皆胎禀不足之故也。
胎毒者，即父母命门相火之毒也。命门者，男子以藏精，女子以系胞，道家谓之下丹田也。夫二五之精，
妙合而凝，纯粹之精，溶液而成胎，淫佚之火，蓄之则为胎毒矣。盖人生而静，天之性也；感物而动，人之欲
也。成胎之后，其母之关系尤繁。凡思虑火起于心，恚怒火生于肝，悲哀火郁于肺，甘肥火积于脾，淫纵火发
于肾，五欲之火隐于母胞，遂结为胎毒。凡胎毒之发，如虫疥，流丹、湿疮，痈疖、结核、重舌，木舌、鹅口，
口疮，与夫胎热、胎寒、胎搐、胎黄之类是也。更如一七之脐风，百日之痰嗽，半岁之真搐，一周之流丹，此
又毒之至酷至烈，而不可解者也。
胎寒者，母娠时患热病，多服寒冷之药，又或过餐生冷，令儿受之。生后昏昏多睡，间或吮乳泻白，此内
因也。或百日之内，忽病寒栗口冷，手足蜷曲不伸，腹痛啼叫不止，此生后受寒得之。治宜温散，指迷七气汤、
助胃膏为佳。
胎热者，母娠时喜食辛热炙 之物，或患热病，失于清解，使儿受之。生后目闭面赤，眼胞浮肿，弩身呢
呢作声，或啼叫惊烦，遍身壮热，小便黄涩，此胎热也。若不早治，则丹瘤疮疖，由此而至。宜集成沆瀣丹，
徐服解之，以平为度。
胎搐者，母娠时曾因惊恐，气传于子。生后频频作搐，其后身热面青，手足搐掣，牙关紧闭，腰直身僵，
睛邪目闭，多啼不乳。此乃胎痫，不治之证。如因身有热而作者，必先啼叫，虽曰胎病，由外因也。宜天麻丸，
后以六味地黄汤滋其化源，久服自愈。
盘肠气者，幼科称内吊者是也。皆因胎气郁积，壅结荣卫，五脏六腑，无一舒畅。其气不能升降，筑隘肠
胃之间，抵心而痛，其声辘辘，如猫吐恶，干啼口开，手足皆冷，宜疏散通气，调中散及木香丸。
脐突者，小儿多啼所致也。脐之下为气海，啼哭不止，则触动气海，气动于中，则脐突于外。其状突出光
浮，如吹起者，捏之则微有声。用乱发烧灰，枯矾等分为细末，敷突脐上，以膏药贴之自消。
不乳者，小儿生下三二日间，忽然不乳。当询问之，勿以不乳作脐风治，盖脐风有多啼撮口之证，此则无
之，但不乳耳。有吐乳，
乳之又吐者，或因拭口不净，恶秽入腹也，宜用槟榔、木香、甘草煎汤与服；如啼哭不乳者，腹痛也，亦胎寒
之证，宜木香、丁香、乳香、当归、甘草煎汤与服。如无以上诸证，无故不乳，宜问其母之乳汁多少。乳多者
伤乳也，宜少节之，不久自思乳矣；乳少者必有他证，细心察之。
胎黄者，儿生下面目浑身皆黄如金色，或目闭，身上壮热，大便不通，小便如栀子汁，皮肤生疮，不思乳
食，啼哭不止。此胎中受湿热也。宜茵陈地黄汤，母子同服，以黄退为度。
胎肥者，儿生下遍身肌浓，肉色通红，面色亦红，而黑睛多，时时生痰；自盈月以后，渐渐肌瘦，五心热
而大便难，白睛粉红色，此名胎肥。是亦在胎时，母食甘肥湿热太过，流入胞中，以致形质虚肥，血分壅热也。
加减大连翘饮，外以浴体法浴之。
胎怯者，生下面无精光，肌肉瘦薄，大便白而身无血色，目无精彩，时时哽气多哕者，此即治怯也。非育
于父母之暮年，即生于产多之孕妇。成胎之际，元精既已浇漓，受胎之后，气血复难长养，以致生来怯弱，若
后天调理得宜者，十可保全一二。调元散助之。
新生儿出生后患病，无非是胎弱和胎毒两种情况罢了。所谓胎弱，是指胎儿禀受的气血不足。胎儿源于父母，虽为一体却分为两半，因此禀受的情况不可不仔细考察。例如，肺主皮毛，若肺气不足，则皮肤薄、怕冷，毛发不生；心主血脉，若心气不足，则血液不能荣华于面色，面部无光彩；脾主肌肉，若脾气不足，则肌肉不生，手足消瘦如削；肝主筋，若肝气不足，则筋不能约束骨骼，关节活动不利；肾主骨，若肾气不足，则骨节软弱，很久都不能行走。这些都是胎禀不足的病证，应根据其所属脏腑之气来诊治。所谓父亲强壮母亲虚弱，生下的女儿必定瘦弱；父亲虚弱母亲强壮，生下的儿子必定体弱。所以小儿如果有头破颅缝开解、精神萎靡气息怯弱、颈部软弱头部倾斜、手足痿软无力、牙齿生长不齐、头发不长黑、坐立行走需要人搀扶等情况，这都是胎禀不足的缘故。
所谓胎毒，就是父母命门相火之毒。命门，男子用来藏精，女子用来系胞（子宫），道家称之为下丹田。阴阳二五之精气，奇妙结合而凝聚，纯粹的精液溶解形成胚胎，但淫佚之火蓄积起来就成为胎毒了。大概人生下来时本性是安静的，这是天的本性；接触外物后产生欲望而动，这是人的欲望。怀孕之后，母亲的影响尤为复杂。凡是思虑过度导致火起于心，愤怒导致火生于肝，悲哀导致火郁于肺，饮食甘肥导致火积于脾，纵欲导致火发于肾，这五种欲望之火隐伏在母体的胞宫中，于是结聚成为胎毒。凡是胎毒发作，如虫疥、流丹（一种急性丹毒）、湿疮、痈疖、结核、重舌（舌下复生一小舌）、木舌（舌体肿胀僵硬）、鹅口（口腔黏膜白色斑片）、口疮，以及胎热、胎寒、胎搐、胎黄等病症都是。另外像出生七日的脐风、百日的痰嗽、半岁的真搐、一周岁的流丹，这些又是毒性极其酷烈且难以化解的病症。
胎寒，是因为母亲怀孕期间患热病，过多服用寒凉药物，或者过食生冷食物，让胎儿受到了影响。出生后昏昏欲睡多眠，偶尔吃奶后泻出白色稀便，这是内因导致的。或者在百日之内，突然生病出现寒战、口冷、手足蜷曲不能伸展、腹痛啼叫不止，这是出生后受寒所致。治疗宜用温散法，指迷七气汤、助胃膏效果较好。
胎热，是因为母亲怀孕期间喜欢吃辛辣燥热的炙烤食物，或者患热病时未能及时清热解表，使胎儿受到影响。出生后眼睛紧闭、面色红赤、眼睑浮肿、身体弓起并发出哼哼声，或者啼叫惊烦、全身壮热、小便黄而涩滞，这就是胎热。如果不尽早治疗，就会导致丹瘤、疮疖等病症。宜用集成沆瀣丹，慢慢服用以解除胎热，以症状平息为度。
胎搐，是因为母亲怀孕期间曾因惊恐，气机传给了胎儿。出生后频繁抽搐，后来身体发热、面色青紫、手足抽搐掣动、牙关紧闭、腰背挺直身体僵硬、眼球斜视或闭目、多啼哭不吃奶。这是胎痫，属于难治之证。如果是因为有身热而引发的抽搐，必然先有啼叫，虽然说是胎病，实则由外因引起。宜用天麻丸，随后用六味地黄汤滋养化源，长期服用可自愈。
盘肠气，是儿科称为“内吊”的病证。都是因为胎气郁积，壅塞阻滞营卫之气，五脏六腑没有一处舒畅。气机不能升降，积聚在狭窄的肠胃之间，抵冲心脏引起疼痛，发出辘辘声响，像猫吐恶物一样干啼张口，手足皆冷，宜用疏散通气、调和脾胃的方法，可用调中散及木香丸。
脐突，是由于小儿多啼哭引起的。脐下为气海穴，啼哭不止，就会触动气海，气在体内动荡，导致脐部向外突出。其形状突出光亮浮肿，像吹起来一样，捏之则有轻微声音。用乱发烧成灰，与枯矾等分为细末，敷在突出的脐上，用膏药贴住即可自行消退。
不乳，是指小儿出生后两三日间，突然不吃奶。应当询问原因，不要将不乳当作脐风来治疗，因为脐风有多啼、撮口等症状，此症则没有，只是不吃奶而已。如果有吐乳，吃了又吐的情况，可能是因为擦拭口腔不干净，秽物入腹所致，宜用槟榔、木香、甘草煎汤给婴儿服用；如果是啼哭而不吃奶，则是腹痛，也是胎寒的证候，宜用木香、丁香、乳香、当归、甘草煎汤给婴儿服用。如果没有以上各种症状，无故不吃奶，应询问母亲的乳汁多少。乳汁过多的话，可能是伤乳（消化不良），宜适当节制，不久自然会想吃奶了；乳汁少的则必有其他证候，需细心观察。
胎黄，是指婴儿出生后面目浑身都黄如金色，或者眼睛紧闭，身上壮热，大便不通，小便像栀子汁一样黄，皮肤生疮，不思饮食，啼哭不止。这是因为在胎中受了湿热所致。宜用茵陈地黄汤，母子同服，以黄疸退去为度。
胎肥，是指婴儿出生遍身肌肉丰厚，肉色通红，面色也红，黑睛较多，时常生痰；满月以后，渐渐肌肉消瘦，五心烦热而大便困难，白睛呈粉红色，这叫胎肥。这也是因为在胎时，母亲食用甘肥湿热太过，流入胞宫，导致形体虚胖，血分壅热所致。可用加减大连翘饮，外用浴体法洗浴。
胎怯，是指婴儿出生后面无神采，肌肉瘦薄，大便色白且身体无血色，目光无精彩，时常噎气多呃逆，这就是胎怯。如果不是父母生育时的暮年所生，就是生于产次多的孕妇。受孕之际，元精已经稀薄，受胎之后，气血又难以长养，以致生来就怯弱，如果后天调理得当，十人中可保全一二。可用调元散辅助治疗。
If a newborn falls ill shortly after birth, it is solely due to two conditions: Fetal Weakness (Tai Ruo) and Fetal Toxin (Tai Du). Fetal Weakness refers to the insufficiency of Qi inherited from the parents. The fetus originates from the parents; although they form one entity, they are divided into two, so the nature of inheritance must be carefully examined. For instance, the Lung governs the skin and hair; if Lung Qi is insufficient, the skin will be thin and sensitive to cold, and hair will not grow. The Heart governs the blood vessels; if Heart Qi is insufficient, blood will fail to nourish the complexion, resulting in a lackluster face. The Spleen governs muscles; if Spleen Qi is insufficient, muscles will not develop, and the limbs will appear emaciated as if shaved. The Liver governs tendons; if Liver Qi is insufficient, tendons will fail to bind the bones, leading to joint dysfunction. The Kidney governs bones; if Kidney Qi is insufficient, bone joints will be weak, and walking may be delayed for a long time. These are all diseases of fetal endowment, which should be diagnosed according to the Qi of the respective Zang organs. It is said that if the father is strong and the mother weak, the daughter born will surely be frail; if the father is weak and the mother strong, the son born will surely be weak. Therefore, if an infant presents with broken skull sutures, lethargy, timidity, neck weakness causing head tilting, flaccid limbs, irregular tooth eruption, black hair failing to darken, and the need for assistance to sit, stand, or walk, these are all due to insufficient fetal endowment.
Fetal Toxin refers to the toxin of the Ministerial Fire (Xiang Huo) of the Gate of Life (Ming Men). The Gate of Life stores essence in men and connects to the uterus (Bao Gong) in women, known in Daoism as the Lower Dantian. The essence of Yin and Yang combines miraculously to condense; pure essence dissolves to form the embryo, but excessive fire accumulates to become Fetal Toxin. Generally, human nature is quiet at birth, which is the nature of Heaven; reacting to external stimuli and moving is human desire. After conception, the mother's influence is particularly complex. Any excessive thinking generates fire in the Heart; anger generates fire in the Liver; sorrow causes fire to stagnate in the Lungs; sweet and fatty foods cause fire to accumulate in the Spleen; and sexual indulgence causes fire to arise in the Kidneys. These fires of the five desires hide in the maternal womb, eventually knotting together to form Fetal Toxin. Manifestations of Fetal Toxin include insect-like scabies, flowing erysipelas (Liu Dan), damp sores, carbuncles and furuncles, tubercles, double tongue (Chong She), wooden tongue (Mu She), thrush (E Kou), mouth ulcers, as well as Fetal Heat, Fetal Cold, Fetal Convulsions, and Fetal Jaundice. Furthermore, conditions such as umbilical tetanus at seven days, phlegm-cough at one hundred days, true convulsions at six months, and erysipelas at one year are examples of toxins that are extremely severe and difficult to resolve.
Fetal Cold occurs when the mother suffers from febrile disease during pregnancy, takes excessive cold-natured medicines, or consumes too much raw and cold food, transmitting this condition to the fetus. After birth, the infant sleeps excessively and drowsily, occasionally passing white loose stools after breastfeeding; this is caused by internal factors. Alternatively, within the first hundred days, the infant may suddenly present with chills, cold mouth, curled limbs that cannot extend, abdominal pain, and incessant crying; this results from catching cold after birth. Treatment should employ warming and dispersing methods; Zhimi Qiqi Tang (Pinellia Seven-Qi Decoction) and Zhuwei Gao (Stomach-Assisting Paste) are recommended.
Fetal Heat arises when the mother craves spicy, hot, and roasted foods during pregnancy, or fails to clear heat and resolve exterior symptoms when suffering from febrile disease, thereby affecting the fetus. After birth, the infant keeps eyes closed, has a red face, swollen eyelids, arches the body while making humming sounds, or cries with fright and irritability, accompanied by high fever throughout the body, yellow and scanty urine. This is Fetal Heat. If not treated early, it may lead to erysipelas tumors, sores, and boils. Jicheng Hangxie Dan (Integrated Hengxie Pill) should be administered slowly to resolve the heat, with cessation of symptoms as the goal.
Fetal Convulsions occur when the mother experiences fright or terror during pregnancy, transmitting the qi disturbance to the fetus. After birth, the infant frequently convulses, later developing fever, cyanotic face, limb spasms, locked jaw, rigid back and body, strabismus or closed eyes, excessive crying, and refusal to breastfeed. This is Fetal Epilepsy (Tai Xian), a refractory condition. If convulsions are triggered by fever, there is usually preceding crying; although termed a fetal disease, it is actually caused by external factors. Tianma Wan (Gastrodia Pill) is indicated, followed by Liuwei Dihuang Tang (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Decoction) to nourish the source of transformation; long-term administration leads to self-healing.
Pan Chang Qi (Coiled Intestine Qi), known in pediatrics as "Nei Diao" (Internal Tugging), is caused by the accumulation and stagnation of fetal qi, obstructing Ying and Wei qi, leaving no organ free from constraint. Qi fails to ascend and descend, accumulating in the narrow space between stomach and intestines, striking the heart and causing pain, producing rumbling sounds like a cat vomiting foul matter, dry crying with open mouth, and cold extremities. Treatment requires dispersing stagnation and promoting qi circulation using Tiaozhong San (Regulate Middle Powder) and Muxiang Wan (Aucklandia Pill).
Umbilical Protrusion (Qi Tu) is caused by excessive crying in infants. Below the umbilicus lies the Qihai (Sea of Qi) acupoint. Incessant crying disturbs Qihai, causing qi to surge internally and protrude externally. The protrusion is shiny and swollen, resembling an inflated sac, and makes a slight sound when pinched. Crushed human hair ash and Alum (Ku Fan) in equal parts are ground into fine powder, applied to the protruding umbilicus, and covered with a plaster to resolve spontaneously.
Failure to Breastfeed refers to an infant suddenly refusing milk two or three days after birth. One must inquire into the cause and not mistake this for Umbilical Tetanus, which presents with excessive crying and mouth twitching; this condition lacks those signs and only involves refusal to feed. If vomiting occurs repeatedly after feeding, it may be due to unclean oral wiping allowing filth into the abdomen; Binglang, Muxiang, and Gancao decoction is suitable. If crying accompanies refusal to feed, it indicates abdominal pain, also a sign of Fetal Cold; Muxiang, Dingxiang, Ruxiang, Danggui, and Gancao decoction is appropriate. If none of these symptoms are present and the infant refuses milk without cause, inquire about the mother's milk supply. Excessive milk may cause indigestion ("Shang Ru"); moderate restriction will restore appetite soon. Insufficient milk suggests other pathologies requiring careful observation.
Fetal Jaundice presents as golden-yellow discoloration of the face, eyes, and whole body upon birth, possibly with closed eyes, high fever, constipation, urine resembling gardenia juice, skin sores, anorexia, and incessant crying. This results from damp-heat acquired in utero. Yinchin Dihuang Tang (Coptis and Rehmannia Decoction) should be taken by both mother and infant until jaundice subsides.
Fetal Obesity describes an infant born with thick flesh, reddish skin and face, prominent iris, and frequent phlegm production. After one month, the infant gradually becomes emaciated, experiences five-palm heat, difficulty defecating, and pinkish sclera. This is Fetal Obesity, caused by the mother consuming excessive sweet, fatty, damp-heat-inducing foods during pregnancy, which flow into the womb, resulting in pseudo-plumpness and blood-level heat stagnation. Jiadian Dalianqiao Yin (Modified Large Lonicera Decoction) is used, along with external bathing therapy.
Fetal Timidity (Tai Qie) presents as a lackluster appearance, thin muscles, white stool, pale body, dull eyes, frequent hiccupping, and belching. This condition arises either from late-life parenthood or multiple pregnancies. At conception, the primordial essence is already depleted, and post-conception qi and blood struggle to nourish the fetus, resulting in innate frailty. With proper postnatal care, one or two out of ten cases may survive. Tiaoyuan San (Restore Origin Powder) assists treatment.