肺主喘 实则闷乱喘促。好饮水。有不饮水者。虚则哽气长出气。
实则泻白散。葶苈丸泻之。虚则阿胶散。生脉散合甘桔汤补之。
泻白散 治咳嗽而微喘。面肿身热。
桑白皮（蜜炒） 地骨皮（各等分） 甘草（减半） 入粳米。水煎服。
阿胶散 治久嗽肺无津液。
阿胶（两半粉炒） 大力子（二钱五分） 马兜铃（半两） 甘草（钱半） 杏仁（七个去皮尖）
粳米 上为末。每服量加减。水煎服。
生脉散合甘桔汤 久嗽肺虚。
人参（一钱） 麦门冬（二钱） 五味子（十粒） 苦梗（一钱） 上锉分五剂。每剂入阿胶五
分。水煎。
诸气喘促。上气咳嗽。面肿。皆肺脏之本病也。加味泻白散主之。桔梗防风各二钱。甘
草一钱。地骨皮一钱二分。
兼见肝证。由中风得之。鼻流清涕。恶风喘嗽。宜发散。加减参苏饮主之。
如久咳嗽变风疾不治。如钱氏所谓三泻肝而肝病不退。三补肺而肺证尤虚。是也。
一小儿二岁久病嗽。时十月初。请予治之。予曰。不可治矣。父问其故。予曰。嗽者。
也。四时之病。将来者进。成功者退。十月建亥。金气已衰。木气始生。吾观令郎面色 白
。肺之衰也。头摇手摆。肝之风也。肺衰风生。作搐而死。果不治。
兼见心证。发热饮水。喘嗽闷乱。此心火胜也。宜凉膈散加知母石膏主之。
久嗽不止。黄连阿胶丸 黄连赤茯苓能抑心火。肝得其清。
兼见脾证。咳则吐。此伤乳食。而喘嗽不安。宜葶苈丸。小陷胸加大黄主之。
一儿泄泻后。病咳而喘。上气急。予用芎蝎散。效。
一女子脾胃素弱。一日啖生枣。病腹胀而喘。其母忧甚。恐夫知食以生冷也。予曰勿忧
。乃作钱氏异功散加藿香叶以去脾经之湿。紫苏叶以去肺经之风。一大剂而胀消喘止。
一女子素有喘病。发则多痰。予用补肾地黄丸服之。或怪而问曰。喘者肺腑也。今补肾
。予曰。肺生气。肾则纳而藏之。痰涎者。肾之津液所生也。哮喘吐涎。乃气不归元。津液
无所受也。果服此丸而安。
加味泻白散
古泻白散。加苏叶桔梗是也。
参苏饮 治伤风咳嗽。
古参苏饮紫苏叶陈皮前胡枳壳桔梗半夏茯苓干葛甘草人参木香众药皆等分。甘草减半。
东垣凉膈散 治心肺热。
甘草 栀子 薄荷 桔梗 连翘。乃河间凉膈散去硝黄加桔梗是也。
黄连阿胶丸 治肺热或咯唾血。
黄连（三钱） 赤茯苓（二钱） 阿胶（炒一钱） 上以莲肉为末。水调胶和。众手丸。麻子
大。米饮下。
小陷胸加大黄汤 治痰壅喘促。以代葶苈丸。
黄连 半夏 枳实 栝蒌（和皮用） 甜葶苈 大黄（各等分） 上锉。先以水煎栝蒌一沸
。入药煎七分。食后服。
芎蝎散 治脾虚上气喘促急。呕吐痰涎。足胫冷者。
川芎 荜茇（各一钱） 蝎梢（去毒三分） 半夏（酒浸一宿水洗七次焙干） 细辛（各二分）
上为极细末。热汤调。稍热服。
肺脏主管气喘。实证表现为胸闷烦躁、呼吸急促，喜欢喝水；也有不喝水的情况。虚证表现为叹气、长出气。
实证用泻白散治疗，或用葶苈丸攻下泄实。虚证用阿胶散治疗，或用生脉散合甘桔汤补益。
泻白散：治疗咳嗽伴有轻微气喘，面部浮肿，身体发热。
组成：桑白皮（蜜炙）、地骨皮（各等分），甘草（减半量），加入粳米，水煎服。
阿胶散：治疗久咳导致肺中津液枯竭。
组成：阿胶（半两，蛤粉炒）、牛蒡子（二钱五分）、马兜铃（半两）、甘草（一钱半）、杏仁（七个，去皮尖）。
用法：将上述药材研为细末，每次服用根据情况加减剂量，水煎服。
生脉散合甘桔汤：治疗久咳导致的肺气虚弱。
组成：人参（一钱）、麦门冬（二钱）、五味子（十粒）、桔梗（一钱）。
用法：将药材切碎分为五剂，每剂加入阿胶五分，水煎服。
各种气喘急促、上气咳嗽、面部浮肿，都是肺脏的本病。用加味泻白散主治。
配方：桔梗、防风各二钱，甘草一钱，地骨皮一钱二分。
如果兼见肝证，是由中风引起的。症状为鼻流清涕，怕风，气喘咳嗽。适宜采用发散法治疗，用加减参苏饮主治。
如果久咳变成风疾则难以治愈，正如钱乙所说：“三次泻肝而肝病不退，三次补肺而肺证更虚”，指的就是这种情况。
有一个两岁的小儿，长期患病咳嗽。当时是十月初，请我去诊治。我说：“治不好了。”父亲问原因，我说：“咳嗽，是……（原文此处似有脱漏，意指咳嗽之病机）。四季的疾病，将来之气进，成功之气退。十月建亥，金气已经衰退，木气开始生长。我看令郎面色苍白，这是肺气衰败的表现；头摇手摆，这是肝风内动的表现。肺气衰败而生风，会导致抽搐而死。”果然未能治愈。
如果兼见心证，表现为发热、想喝水、气喘咳嗽、胸闷烦躁，这是心火亢盛所致。适宜用凉膈散加知母、石膏治疗。
久咳不止，可用黄连阿胶丸。黄连和赤茯苓能抑制心火，使肝得到清凉。
如果兼见脾证，咳嗽时呕吐，这是伤及乳食，导致气喘咳嗽不安。宜用葶苈丸，或小陷胸汤加大黄治疗。
有一个小儿在泄泻后，生病咳嗽且气喘，上气急迫。我用芎蝎散治疗，见效。
有一个女子脾胃素来虚弱。一天吃了生枣，导致腹胀且气喘。她的母亲非常担忧，害怕丈夫知道她吃了生冷食物。我对她说：“不要担心。”于是开具钱氏异功散加藿香叶以去除脾经的湿气，紫苏叶以去除肺经的风邪。一大剂药后，腹胀消除，气喘停止。
有一个女子素有气喘病，发作时痰多。我用补肾地黄丸给她服用。有人奇怪地问：“气喘是肺腑的病，现在却补肾？”我说：“肺主生气，肾主纳气并收藏它。痰涎，是肾的津液所化生的。哮喘吐涎，是因为气不归元，津液无处受纳。”果然服用此丸后病情安定。
参苏饮：治疗伤风咳嗽。
古方参苏饮组成：紫苏叶、陈皮、前胡、枳壳、桔梗、半夏、茯苓、干葛、甘草、人参、木香。众药皆等分，甘草减半。
东垣凉膈散：治疗心肺热证。
组成：甘草、栀子、薄荷、桔梗、连翘。这是河间凉膈散去掉芒硝、大黄，加上桔梗而成。
黄连阿胶丸：治疗肺热或咯唾血。
组成：黄连（三钱）、赤茯苓（二钱）、阿胶（炒一钱）。
用法：以上药物以莲肉研为细末，用水调胶和匀，众人搓丸，如麻子大，米汤送服。
小陷胸加大黄汤：治疗痰壅导致的气喘急促，用以代替葶苈丸。
组成：黄连、半夏、枳实、栝蒌（带皮用）、甜葶苈、大黄（各等分）。
用法：将药材切碎。先用水煎栝蒌一沸，再加入其他药物煎至七分，饭后服用。
芎蝎散：治疗脾虚导致的上气喘促急迫，呕吐痰涎，足胫发冷者。
组成：川芎、荜茇（各一钱）、蝎梢（去毒三分）、半夏（酒浸一夜，水洗七次，焙干）、细辛（各二分）。
用法：研为极细末，用热汤调服，稍热时服用。
The Lung governs wheezing. In excess conditions, there is chest oppression, restlessness, and rapid breathing; the patient may desire to drink water, though some do not. In deficiency conditions, there is sighing and long exhalations.
For excess conditions, use Xiebai San (White-Draining Powder) or Tingli Wan (Descurainia Seed Pill) to drain the excess. For deficiency conditions, use Ejiao San (Donkey-Hide Gelatin Powder) or combine Shengmai San (Generate the Pulse Powder) with Ganjie Tang (Licorice and Platycodon Decoction) to tonify.
Xiebai San: Treats cough with slight wheezing, facial edema, and body heat.
Ingredients: Sangbaipi (Bark of Mulberry Root, honey-fried), Digupi (Bark of Ground Cherry Root, equal parts), Gancao (Licorice Root, halved amount). Add Jingmi (Rice Grain). Decoct in water and take orally.
Ejiao San: Treats prolonged cough leading to depletion of Lung fluids.
Ingredients: Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin, half tael, stir-fried with clam powder), Dali Zi (Arctii Fructus, 2.5 qian), Madouling (Aristolochiae Fructus, half tael), Gancao (Licorice Root, 1.5 qian), Xingren (Prunus Armeniaca Seed, seven seeds, skin and tips removed).
Preparation: Grind into fine powder. Take an appropriate dose adjusted according to the condition, decoct in water, and take orally.
Shengmai San combined with Ganjie Tang: Treats Lung deficiency caused by prolonged cough.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Root, 1 qian), Maimendong (Ophiopogon Tuber, 2 qian), Wuweizi (Schisandra Fruit, ten grains), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root, 1 qian).
Preparation: Cut into pieces and divide into five doses. Add Ejiao (0.5 qian) to each dose. Decoct in water and take orally.
Various forms of wheezing, rapid breathing, upper Qi rebellion with cough, and facial edema are all primary diseases of the Lung organ. The main treatment is Jiawei Xiebai San (Modified White-Draining Powder).
Formula: Jiegeng (Platycodon Root) and Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root), each 2 qian; Gancao (Licorice Root), 1 qian; Digupi (Bark of Ground Cherry Root), 1.2 qian.
If accompanied by Liver symptoms, resulting from Wind-stroke, there is clear nasal discharge, aversion to wind, wheezing, and cough. It is suitable to use dispersing methods. The main treatment is Jiashen Su Yin (Modified Ginseng and Perilla Decoction).
If prolonged cough transforms into a Wind disease, it becomes incurable. As Qian Yi stated: "Three times draining the Liver while the Liver disease does not recede, three times tonifying the Lung while the Lung condition becomes even more deficient," refers to this situation.
A two-year-old child suffered from chronic cough for a long time. It was early October when I was invited to treat him. I said, "It cannot be cured." The father asked why. I said, "Cough... [text missing]. Diseases of the four seasons follow the principle that advancing Qi enters and successful Qi retreats. In the tenth month (Hai month), Metal Qi has declined, and Wood Qi begins to generate. I observe your son's pale complexion, which indicates the decline of Lung Qi. His head shaking and hand waving indicate internal Wind of the Liver. With declining Lung Qi generating Wind, convulsions will occur leading to death." Indeed, he could not be cured.
If accompanied by Heart symptoms, manifesting as fever, thirst, wheezing, cough, chest oppression, and restlessness, this is due to Hyperactive Heart Fire. It is suitable to use Liangge San (Cooling the Diaphragm Powder) plus Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum).
Prolonged cough that does not cease can be treated with Huanglian Ejiao Wan (Coptis and Donkey-Hide Gelatin Pill). Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) and Chifuling (Red Poria) can suppress Heart Fire, allowing the Liver to obtain clarity.
If accompanied by Spleen symptoms, coughing with vomiting indicates injury from milk and food, leading to restless wheezing and cough. Tingli Wan (Descurainia Seed Pill) or Xiaoxianxiong Tang (Minor Stagnation in the Chest Decoction) plus Dahuang (Rhubarb Root) should be used.
A child developed cough and wheezing after diarrhea, with urgent upper Qi rebellion. I used Xiongxie San (Chuanxiong and Scorpion Powder), and it was effective.
A woman with inherently weak Spleen and Stomach ate raw dates one day, resulting in abdominal distension and wheezing. Her mother was very worried, fearing her husband would know she ate cold/raw foods. I told her, "Do not worry." I prescribed Qianshi Yigong San (Qian's Modified Extraordinary Efficacy Powder) plus Huoxiangye (Patchouli Leaf) to remove Dampness from the Spleen channel, and Zisuye (Perilla Leaf) to remove Wind from the Lung channel. After one large dose, the distension subsided and wheezing stopped.
A woman had a chronic history of wheezing, producing much phlegm during attacks. I administered Bushen Dihuang Wan (Kidney-Tonifying Rehmannia Pill). Someone questioned strangely, saying, "Wheezing is a disease of the Lung and Fu organs; why tonify the Kidney now?" I replied, "The Lung generates Qi, while the Kidney receives and stores it. Phlegm and saliva are generated from the fluids of the Kidney. Asthma with expectoration of saliva occurs because Qi fails to return to its origin, and fluids have nowhere to be received." Indeed, taking this pill brought relief.
Jiawei Xiebai San (Modified White-Draining Powder): This is the ancient Xiebai San added with Ziyeh (Perilla Leaf) and Jiegeng (Platycodon Root).
Shen Su Yin (Ginseng and Perilla Decoction): Treats Wind-cold cough.
Ancient Shen Su Yin ingredients: Zisuye (Perilla Leaf), Chenpi (Citrus Reticulata Peel), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), Banxia (Pinellia Tuber), Fuling (Poria), Gange (Kudzu Root), Gancao (Licorice Root), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix). All herbs are equal in weight, except Gancao which is halved.
Dongyuan Liangge San (Dongyuan's Cooling the Diaphragm Powder): Treats Heat in the Heart and Lung.
Ingredients: Gancao (Licorice Root), Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit), Bohe (Mentha Haplocalyx), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), Lianqiao (Forsythia Fruit). This is Hejian's Liangge San minus Xiaoshi (Mirabilite) and Dahuang (Rhubarb Root), plus Jiegeng (Platycodon Root).
Huanglian Ejiao Wan (Coptis and Donkey-Hide Gelatin Pill): Treats Lung Heat or hemoptysis.
Ingredients: Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 3 qian), Chifuling (Red Poria, 2 qian), Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin, stir-fried 1 qian).
Preparation: Grind Lotus Seeds (Lianrou) into powder. Mix with gelatin using water. Roll into pills the size of hemp seeds. Take with rice water.
Xiaoxianxiong Jada Huang Tang (Minor Stagnation in the Chest Decoction Plus Rhubarb): Treats wheezing and rapid breathing due to Phlegm obstruction, used as a substitute for Tingli Wan.
Ingredients: Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Banxia (Pinellia Tuber), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Gualou (Trichosanthes Fruit, used with peel), Tian Tingli (Sweet Descurainia Seed), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root). All equal parts.
Preparation: Cut into pieces. First decoct Gualou (Trichosanthes Fruit) in water for one boil. Then add other herbs and decoct until reduced to 70%. Take after meals.
Xiongxie San (Chuanxiong and Scorpion Powder): Treats urgent upper Qi wheezing due to Spleen deficiency, vomiting of phlegm and saliva, and cold lower legs and shins.
Ingredients: Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Rhizome), Bibai (Long Pepper Fruit), each 1 qian; Xeshao (Scorpion Tail, detoxified 3 fen); Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, soaked in wine overnight, washed seven times, dried); Xixin (Asarum Root), each 2 fen.
Preparation: Grind into extremely fine powder. Mix with hot water and take while slightly warm.