血淋心热伤血分，尿血同出茎中疼，清利须用小蓟饮，茎中痛甚五淋从。
【注】血淋者，盖因心热伤于血分，热气传入于胞，日久则尿血同出，遂成血淋。茎
中不时作痛，须以小蓟饮子治之；若茎中痛甚者，五淋散主之。
小蓟饮子
通草 滑石 淡竹叶 当归 小蓟 栀子（炒） 甘草（生） 生地 蒲黄 藕节
水煎，空心服。
【方歌】小蓟饮子治淋血，通草滑石淡竹叶，当归小蓟山栀甘，生地蒲黄合藕节。
五淋散
当归 赤芍 苦葶苈 木通 黄芩（炒） 栀子 车前子 淡竹叶 滑石 葵子 甘草（生） 赤茯
苓
引用葱白，水煎服。
【方歌】五淋血淋茎中疼，归芍葶苈芩木通，栀子车前淡竹叶，滑石葵子草赤苓。
小儿头痛分表里，里属内热表寒风，风寒外闭须疏散，内热熏蒸以清攻。
【注】小儿头痛之证不一，有在表在里之分。在表者，外感风寒也，法宜疏散之；在
里者，内热熏蒸也，法宜清解之。苟能调治得宜，则头痛自除矣。
风寒头痛属太阳，上及巅顶额角旁，恶寒无汗身发热，加味清空自堪尝。
【注】风寒头痛者，乃太阳经受邪也。其候恶寒发热，上及巅顶，下连额角，不时作
痛。法宜取汗，悉以清空膏主之。如痛甚者，于本方中加细辛；热盛便秘者，于本方中加川大黄。
清空膏
羌活 防风 柴胡 川芎 黄芩 黄连 甘草（生）
引用生姜，水煎服。痛甚加细辛。便秘加大黄。
【方歌】风热上攻头疼痛，加味清空膏最良，羌防柴芎芩连草，痛甚加辛便秘黄。
血淋是由于心火亢盛损伤血分所致，表现为小便出血且尿道疼痛，治疗应当使用小蓟饮子进行清利；若尿道疼痛剧烈，则属于五淋范畴，需用五淋散治疗。
【注释】所谓血淋，是因为心热损伤了血分，热气传入膀胱（胞），日久导致尿液与血液一同排出，从而形成血淋。尿道不时出现疼痛，应当用小蓟饮子来治疗；如果尿道疼痛非常剧烈，则用五淋散主治。
小蓟饮子
药材包括：通草、滑石、淡竹叶、当归、小蓟、炒栀子、生甘草、生地黄、蒲黄、藕节。
用水煎煮，空腹服用。
【方歌】小蓟饮子治疗淋证尿血，包含通草、滑石、淡竹叶，以及当归、小蓟、山栀、甘草，还有生地黄、蒲黄和藕节。
五淋散
药材包括：当归、赤芍、苦葶苈、木通、炒黄芩、栀子、车前子、淡竹叶、滑石、葵子、生甘草、赤茯苓。
引用葱白，用水煎煮后服用。
【方歌】五淋散及血淋症见尿道疼痛，由当归、赤芍、葶苈、黄芩、木通组成，加上栀子、车前子、淡竹叶，以及滑石、葵子、甘草和赤茯苓。
小儿头痛分为表证和里证两种情况，里证属于内热，表证属于风寒。对于风寒外束引起的头痛需要疏散解表，对于内热熏蒸引起的头痛则需要清热攻下。
【注释】小儿头痛的证候多种多样，有在表和在里的区别。在表的，是外感风寒，治疗方法适宜疏散；在里的，是内热熏蒸，治疗方法适宜清解。如果能够调理得当，头痛自然就会消除。
风寒头痛归属于太阳病（太阳经受邪所致的病证），疼痛向上波及头顶和额角两侧，伴有恶寒、无汗、身体发热等症状，可以使用加味清空膏进行治疗。
【注释】风寒头痛，是太阳经受邪所致。其症状表现为恶寒发热，疼痛上至头顶，下连额角，不时发作疼痛。治疗方法适宜发汗，全部以清空膏为主治方剂。如果疼痛剧烈，在原方中加入细辛；如果热盛且便秘，在原方中加入川大黄。
清空膏
药材包括：羌活、防风、柴胡、川芎、黄芩、黄连、生甘草。
引用生姜，用水煎煮后服用。疼痛剧烈者加细辛，便秘者加大黄。
【方歌】风热上攻导致头部疼痛，加味清空膏效果最好，由羌活、防风、柴胡、川芎、黄芩、黄连、甘草组成，疼痛剧烈加细辛，便秘加大黄。
Xuelin (Blood Strangury) is caused by Heart Heat damaging the Blood aspect, manifesting as hematuria accompanied by pain in the urethra. Treatment requires clearing and draining using Xiaojii Yinzi (Little Thistle Decoction). If the pain in the urethra is severe, it falls under the category of Wulin (Five Stranguries), treated with Wulin San.
[Note] Xuelin (Blood Strangury) arises because Heart Heat damages the Blood aspect, and the heat transmits to the Bladder (Pao). Over time, urine and blood are discharged together, forming Xuelin (Blood Strangury). The urethra experiences intermittent pain, which should be treated with Xiaojii Yinzi (Little Thistle Decoction); if the pain in the urethra is severe, Wulin San is the primary prescription.
Xiaojii Yinzi (Little Thistle Decoction)
Ingredients: Tongcao (Tetrapanacis Medulla), Huashi (Talcum), Dan Zhuye (Bamboo Leaf), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Xiaoji (Cirsii Herba), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus, stir-fried), Gancao (Licorice Root, raw), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Puhuang (Pollinis Typhae), Ou jie (Nymphaeae Rhizoma).
Decoct in water and take on an empty stomach.
[Fang Ge - Prescription Song] Xiaojii Yinzi treats strangury with blood, containing Tongcao, Huashi, and Dan Zhuye; Danggui, Xiaoji, Zhizi, and Gancao; combined with Shengdi, Puhuang, and Ou jie.
Wulin San
Ingredients: Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chishao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Ku Tingli (Semen Lepidii et Descurainiae), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, stir-fried), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen), Dan Zhuye (Bamboo Leaf), Huashi (Talcum), Kuizi (Abutili Semen), Gancao (Licorice Root, raw), Chifuling (Poria Cocos with Red Cortex).
Reference Congbai (Scallion White), decoct in water and take.
[Fang Ge - Prescription Song] For Wulin and Xuelin with urethral pain, use Danggui, Chishao, Tingli, Huangqin, and Mutong; add Zhizi, Cheqianzi, Dan Zhuye, Huashi, Kuizi, Gancao, and Chifuling.
Pediatric headache is divided into Exterior and Interior syndromes. The Interior syndrome belongs to Internal Heat, while the Exterior syndrome belongs to Wind-Cold. For headaches caused by external closure of Wind-Cold, dispersing and diffusing methods are required; for those caused by steaming from Internal Heat, clearing and purging methods are used.
[Note] Pediatric headache presents with various patterns, distinguished by whether they are in the Exterior or Interior. Those in the Exterior are due to external contraction of Wind-Cold, so the treatment principle is to disperse and diffuse. Those in the Interior are due to steaming from Internal Heat, so the treatment principle is to clear and resolve. If managed appropriately, the headache will naturally subside.
Wind-Cold Headache belongs to Taiyang Disease (a disease pattern resulting from pathogenic invasion of the Taiyang channel). The pain extends to the vertex and the sides of the forehead. Symptoms include aversion to cold, absence of sweating, and fever. Jiawei Qingkong Gao (Modified Clearing the Sky Ointment/Powder) is suitable for treatment.
[Note] Wind-Cold headache results from pathogenic invasion of the Taiyang channel. Its manifestations include aversion to cold, fever, pain extending to the vertex and connecting to the forehead angles, occurring intermittently. The treatment principle is to induce sweating, primarily using Qingkong Gao. If the pain is severe, add Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) to the base formula; if there is excess heat and constipation, add Chuan Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) to the base formula.
Qingkong Gao
Ingredients: Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Gancao (Licorice Root, raw).
Reference Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger), decoct in water and take. Add Xixin if pain is severe; add Dahuang if constipated.
[Fang Ge - Prescription Song] When Wind-Heat attacks upward causing head pain, Jiawei Qingkong Gao is most effective, composed of Qianghuo, Fangfeng, Chaihu, Chuanxiong, Huangqin, Huanglian, and Gancao; add Xixin for severe pain, add Dahuang for constipation.