小儿寒吐者，由乳母当风取凉解脱，致令风冷入乳变败，儿若饮之，故呕吐也，乳母当食后捏去旧宿败乳，
急服理中汤，次用酿乳法，其候是寒清痰夹乳吐出是也。凡有此候服药不效，胃气将绝，药不能下，当服灵砂
丸。如大便通，宜来复丹，二药常用，验。〔薛〕寒吐之证，面目胀，额汗出，脉沉迟微，寒气停于胃，故胃不
纳而吐出也。哕逆者，由胃气虚甚，过服克伐，使清气不升，浊气不降，以致气不宣通而作也。风寒在胃者，用
理中丸。胃气虚者，六君子汤。风凉所致者，宜捏去败乳，急服理中丸，次服酿乳法。若呕吐清涎夹乳，小便
清利，用大安丸。若因乳母食浓味，用东垣清胃散。若乳母饮醇酒，用葛花解酲汤，饮烧酒服冷米醋三五杯。
乳母食生冷而致者，用五味异功散。乳母停食者，母服大安丸，子服异功散。乳母劳役者，子、母俱服补中益气
汤。乳母怒动肝火者，用加味逍遥散。乳母郁怒伤脾者，用归脾汤。乳母脾虚血弱者，用六君芎归，其子亦服三
五滴。气血虚而乳热者，子、母俱服八珍散，仍参热吐霍乱治之。
〔世〕万安膏 治小儿脾胃虚弱，腹生疳虫 瘕，食积泄泻，常服消疳去积，助胃气，和中，疏气滞。
人参 浓朴（姜制） 陈皮 青皮 肉桂（夏不用） 干姜（各一两） 木香 沉香 藿香 甘
草（各半两） 使君子（炮，十个） 泽泻（冬不用，春秋减半用）
上为末，炼蜜丸，如芡实大。食前米饮化下。如热，薄荷汤下。一方，无木香、
沉香、藿香、青皮、四君子，有白术、苍术、茯苓、猪苓。
〔田〕朱沉丹 治小儿呕吐不止。
朱砂（二钱半） 沉香（二钱） 藿香（三钱） 滑石（半两） 丁香（十四粒）
上为细末。每服半钱，用新汲水一盏，芝麻油滴成花子，抄药在上，须臾坠，滤去水，却用别水，空心送下。
定吐紫金核 治小儿一切呕吐不止。
半夏（汤洗七次，姜制） 人参 白术 木香 丁香 藿香（各二钱半）
上为细末，稀面糊为丸，如李核大。后用沉香一钱为末，朱砂一钱水飞，二味同研匀为衣。阴干，每服一丸，
用小枣一枚去核，纳药在内，湿纸裹，烧熟，嚼
与小儿服，后以米饮压之。
香银丸 治吐
丁香 干葛（各一钱） 半夏（汤浸，切，焙） 水银（各半两）
上，上三味同为细末，将水银，与药研匀，生姜汁丸，如麻子大。每服一二丸至五七丸，煎金银花汤下，无时。
《本事》白术散 治小儿吐呕，脉迟细，有寒。
白术 人参 半夏曲（各二钱） 茯苓 干姜 甘草（各一钱）
上为末。每服二钱，水一盏，姜三片，枣一枚，煎七分，去滓温服，日二三。
一方，无半夏曲，有木香、藿香。
姜橘汤 治脾慢胃冷，呕吐不止。
白姜（二钱，炮） 陈橘皮（去白，一两） 粉草（炙，三钱）
上件，锉焙为末。每服半钱或一钱，用温枣汤调化，空心，少与缓服。
定吐饮 治吐逆，投诸药不止，用此神效。
半夏（汤洗七遍，焙干，锉如绿豆大，筛去细末，二两） 生姜（干净，和皮、二两） 薄桂（去粗皮，锉，三钱）
上，生姜切作小框绿豆大，同前半夏和匀，入小铛内慢火顺手炒令香熟，带
干方下桂再炒匀，微有香气，以皮纸摊盛地上，出火毒，候冷，略播去黑焦末。每服二钱，水一盏，姜二片，煎七
分，稍空心，少与缓服。
参香饮 治胃虚作吐，投诸药不止。
人参（去芦，一两） 沉香 丁香 藿香（和梗） 南木香（各二钱半）
上锉。每服二钱，水一盏，煎七分，去滓，临入姜汁少许，作三次，空心温服。
【背景信息】
书名：幼科证治准绳 作者：王肯堂 朝代：明 章节：寒吐汤 类别：综合
小儿寒吐，是由于乳母在风中纳凉、衣着单薄，导致风冷之邪侵入乳汁并使其变质，婴儿饮用后，因而发生呕吐。此时应让乳母在进食后挤出陈旧败坏的乳汁，婴儿急服理中汤，随后采用“酿乳法”（即通过调理使乳汁恢复清纯的方法）。其症状表现为吐出清冷的痰液夹杂乳汁。凡是出现这种症状，服药无效，且胃气即将衰竭，药物无法下咽时，应当服用灵砂丸。如果大便通畅，适宜服用来复丹，这两种药是常用且有效的验方。〔薛己〕关于寒吐的证候，患儿面目浮肿，额头出汗，脉象沉迟而微弱，这是寒气停滞于胃，导致胃不能受纳食物而呕吐。呃逆（打嗝），是由于胃气极度虚弱，过度使用攻伐药物，使得清气不升、浊气不降，从而导致气机不畅而引发。若因风寒在胃，使用理中丸。若因胃气虚，使用六君子汤。若因风凉所致，宜挤出败乳，急服理中丸，随后采用酿乳法。若呕吐清涎夹杂乳汁，小便清长通利，使用大安丸。若因乳母食用浓味厚腻食物引起，使用东垣清胃散。若乳母饮用烈性酒，使用葛花解酲汤，并饮烧酒后喝三五杯冷米醋。若因乳母食用生冷食物引起，使用五味异功散。若乳母饮食积滞，母亲服用大安丸，婴儿服用异功散。若乳母劳累过度，母子均服用补中益气汤。若乳母愤怒引动肝火，使用加味逍遥散。若乳母郁怒损伤脾气，使用归脾汤。若乳母脾虚血弱，使用六君芎归汤，婴儿也服用三五滴。若气血虚弱且乳汁偏热，母子均服用八珍散，同时参照热吐和霍乱的治疗方法。
〔世〕万安膏：治疗小儿脾胃虚弱，腹部生疳虫及瘕块，食积泄泻。常服可消疳去积，助益胃气，调和脾胃，疏通气滞。
配方：人参、浓朴（姜制）、陈皮、青皮、肉桂（夏季不用）、干姜（各一两）、木香、沉香、藿香、甘草（各半两）、使君子（炮制，十个）、泽泻（冬季不用，春秋减半使用）。
制法：以上药材研为细末，用炼蜜制成如芡实大小的丸剂。饭前用米汤送服化开。若有热象，用薄荷汤送服。另一版本方剂，不含木香、沉香、藿香、青皮，四君子汤组成，含有白术、苍术、茯苓、猪苓。
〔田〕朱沉丹：治疗小儿呕吐不止。
配方：朱砂（二钱半）、沉香（二钱）、藿香（三钱）、滑石（半两）、丁香（十四粒）。
制法：研为细末。每次服用半钱，用新汲水一盏，滴入芝麻油形成花状纹路，将药粉撒在上面，片刻后药粉下沉，滤去水分，再用其他清水，空腹送服。
定吐紫金核：治疗小儿一切呕吐不止。
配方：半夏（热水清洗七次，姜制）、人参、白术、木香、丁香、藿香（各二钱半）。
制法：研为细末，用稀面糊制成如李核大小的丸剂。后用沉香一钱研末，朱砂一钱水飞法处理，将这两味药混合均匀作为丸剂的包衣。阴干，每次服用一丸，取一枚去核的小枣，将药丸纳入枣内，用湿纸包裹，烧熟后嚼碎给小儿服用，随后用米汤压服。
香银丸：治疗呕吐。
配方：丁香、干葛（各一钱）、半夏（热水浸泡，切片，焙干）、水银（各半两）。
制法：前三味药同为细末，将水银与药粉研磨均匀，用生姜汁制成如麻子大小的丸剂。每次服用一二丸至五七丸，煎金银花汤送服，不拘时间。
《本事方》白术散：治疗小儿呕吐，脉象迟细，属寒证。
配方：白术、人参、半夏曲（各二钱）、茯苓、干姜、甘草（各一钱）。
制法：研为细末。每次服用二钱，加水一盏，生姜三片，大枣一枚，煎至七分，去渣温服，每日二三次。
另一版本方剂，无半夏曲，有木香、藿香。
姜橘汤：治疗脾慢胃冷，呕吐不止。
配方：白姜（二钱，炮制）、陈橘皮（去白，一两）、粉草（炙，三钱）。
制法：切碎焙干研为细末。每次服用半钱或一钱，用温热的枣汤调化，空腹少量缓慢服用。
定吐饮：治疗吐逆，投用各种药物无效者，用此方神效。
配方：半夏（热水清洗七遍，焙干，锉成绿豆大小，筛去细末，二两）、生姜（干净，带皮，二两）、薄桂（去粗皮，锉，三钱）。
制法：生姜切成小框状如绿豆大，与前药半夏混合均匀，放入小铛内用慢火顺手炒至香熟，带着干燥的桂枝再炒匀，微有香气，摊放在地上铺皮的纸上，以散发火毒，待冷却后，略扫去黑焦的粉末。每次服用二钱，加水一盏，生姜二片，煎至七分，稍空腹时，少量缓慢服用。
参香饮：治疗胃虚作吐，投用各种药物无效者。
配方：人参（去芦头，一两）、沉香、丁香、藿香（带梗）、南木香（各二钱半）。
制法：切碎。每次服用二钱，加水一盏，煎至七分，去渣，临服时加入少许姜汁，分三次，空腹温服。
Background Information:
Book: Youke Zhengzhi Zhunsheng (Standard for Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Diseases)
Author: Wang Kentang
Dynasty: Ming
Chapter: Han Tu Tang (Decoction for Cold Vomiting)
Category: Comprehensive
Pediatric cold vomiting arises when the nursing mother exposes herself to wind while cooling off or wears inadequate clothing, allowing wind-cold pathogens to enter the breast milk and cause it to deteriorate. If the infant drinks this spoiled milk, vomiting ensues. In such cases, the nursing mother should express and discard old, spoiled milk after meals. The infant should urgently take Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction), followed by the "Niang Ru Fa" (method of nurturing breast milk). The clinical presentation involves vomiting clear phlegm mixed with milk. For any case presenting these symptoms where medication is ineffective, and gastric qi is nearly exhausted such that medicine cannot be swallowed, Lingsha Wan (Cinnabar Pill) should be administered. If bowel movements are unobstructed, Laifu Dan (Revive Life Pill) is appropriate. These two remedies are commonly used and proven effective. [Xue Ji] Regarding the syndrome of cold vomiting, the infant presents with swelling of the face and eyes, sweating on the forehead, and a deep, slow, and faint pulse. This indicates cold qi stagnating in the Stomach, causing the Stomach to fail in receiving food, resulting in vomiting. Hiccups (Yue Ni) result from severe deficiency of Stomach qi, often due to excessive use of draining or attacking herbs, which prevents clear qi from ascending and turbid qi from descending, leading to impaired circulation of qi. If caused by wind-cold in the Stomach, Lizhong Wan (Regulate the Middle Pill) is used. If due to Stomach qi deficiency, Liu Junzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) is indicated. If caused by wind-cold exposure, the spoiled milk should be expressed, Lizhong Wan taken urgently, followed by the Niang Ru Fa method. If vomiting involves clear saliva mixed with milk and urination is clear and profuse, Da'an Wan (Great Peace Pill) is used. If caused by the nursing mother consuming rich and heavy flavors, Dongyuan Qingwei San (Dongyuan's Clear the Stomach Powder) is prescribed. If the nursing mother has consumed strong alcohol, Gehua Jie Cheng Tang (Kudzu Flower Decoction to Resolve Intoxication) is used, along with drinking roasted wine followed by three to five cups of cold rice vinegar. If caused by the nursing mother eating raw or cold foods, Wuwei Yigong San (Five-Ingredient Extraordinary Merit Powder) is indicated. If the nursing mother has food stagnation, she takes Da'an Wan, and the infant takes Yigong San. If the nursing mother suffers from overexertion, both mother and infant take Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction). If the nursing mother's anger stirs Liver fire, Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder) is used. If the nursing mother's depression and anger injure Spleen qi, Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction) is prescribed. If the nursing mother has Spleen deficiency and blood weakness, Liu Jun Xiong Gui Tang (Six Gentlemen with Ligusticum and Angelica Decoction) is used, and the infant also takes three to five drops. If there is qi and blood deficiency with hot breast milk, both mother and infant take Bazhen San (Eight Treasures Powder), and treatment should also reference methods for heat vomiting and cholera-like disease.
[Shi] Wan'an Gao (Ten Thousand Safety Plaster): Treats pediatric Spleen and Stomach weakness, abdominal pinworms and masses, food stagnation, and diarrhea. Regular use eliminates parasites and stagnation, assists Stomach qi, harmonizes the middle jiao, and disperses qi stagnation.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Houpo (Magnolia Bark, ginger-processed), Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel), Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel), Rougui (Cinnamon Bark, omitted in summer), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) (each 1 liang); Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), Chenxiang (Agarwood), Huoxiang (Patchouli Herb), Gancao (Licorice Root) (each 0.5 liang); Shijunzi (Quinine Seed, processed, 10 seeds); Zexie (Alisma Rhizome, omitted in winter, halved in spring and autumn).
Preparation: Grind all ingredients into fine powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Euryale Seed (Qianshi). Administer before meals, dissolved in rice water. If heat signs are present, administer with Mint Decothesis. Another variation excludes Muxiang, Chenxiang, Huoxiang, and Qingpi; instead, it includes Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Fuling (Poria), and Zhuling (Polyporus).
[Tian] Zhuchen Dan (Cinnabar and Agarwood Pill): Treats incessant vomiting in infants.
Ingredients: Zhusha (Cinnabar, 2.5 qian); Chenxiang (Agarwood, 2 qian); Huoxiang (Patchouli Herb, 3 qian); Huashi (Talcum, 0.5 liang); Dingxiang (Clove, 14 buds).
Preparation: Grind into fine powder. Take 0.5 qian per dose. Use one cup of fresh well water, add sesame oil to create a flower-like pattern on the surface, sprinkle the powder on top. After a moment, the powder sinks. Filter out the water, then administer with other clean water on an empty stomach.
Dingtu Zijin He (Purple Gold Core for Stabilizing Vomiting): Treats all types of incessant vomiting in infants.
Ingredients: Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, washed seven times in hot water, ginger-processed); Renshen (Ginseng Radix); Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome); Muxiang (Aucklandia Root); Dingxiang (Clove); Huoxiang (Patchouli Herb) (each 2.5 qian).
Preparation: Grind into fine powder. Bind with thin wheat paste into pills the size of a Plum Pit. Coat with powder made from 1 qian of Chenxiang (Agarwood) and 1 qian of Zhusha (Cinnabar, water-triturated). Dry in shade. Take one pill per dose. Remove the pit from one small date, insert the pill inside, wrap in wet paper, and roast until cooked. Chew and feed to the infant, then press down with rice water.
Xiangyin Wan (Agarwood and Mercury Pill): Treats vomiting.
Ingredients: Dingxiang (Clove); Gegen (Kudzu Root) (each 1 qian); Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, soaked in hot water, sliced, dried); Shuiyin (Mercury) (each 0.5 liang).
Preparation: Grind the first three ingredients into fine powder. Triturate the mercury with the powder until uniform. Form pills the size of Sesame Seed using Ginger Juice. Take 1-2 pills up to 5-7 pills per dose. Administer with decoction of Jin Yin Hua (Honeysuckle Flower) at any time.
Baizhu San (Atractylodes Powder) from *Ben Shi Fang*: Treats pediatric vomiting with slow and fine pulses, indicating cold.
Ingredients: Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome); Renshen (Ginseng Radix); Banxia Qu (Pinellia Fermented Paste) (each 2 qian); Fuling (Poria); Ganjiang (Dried Ginger); Gancao (Licorice Root) (each 1 qian).
Preparation: Grind into powder. Take 2 qian per dose. Add one cup of water, 3 slices of Ginger, and 1 Jujube. Decoct to 70% volume, strain, and take warm. Twice or thrice daily.
Another variation excludes Banxia Qu and includes Muxiang (Aucklandia Root) and Huoxiang (Patchouli Herb).
Jiangju Tang (Ginger and Tangerine Peel Decoction): Treats sluggish Spleen and cold Stomach with incessant vomiting.
Ingredients: Baijiang (White Ginger, 2 qian, processed); Chenjupi (Aged Tangerine Peel, pith removed, 1 liang); Fengcao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, 3 qian).
Preparation: Cut, dry, and grind into powder. Take 0.5 or 1 qian per dose. Dissolve in warm Jujube Tea. Take in small amounts slowly on an empty stomach.
Dingtu Yin (Vomiting-Stabilizing Drink): Treats regurgitation/vomiting where other medications have failed; this formula is miraculously effective.
Ingredients: Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, washed seven times in hot water, dried, cut to mung bean size, fine powder sifted out, 2 liang); Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, clean, with skin, 2 liang); Bao Gui (Thin Cinnamon Twig, bark removed, cut, 3 qian).
Preparation: Cut Fresh Ginger into pieces the size of mung beans. Mix uniformly with Banxia. Stir-fry in a small pan over low heat until fragrant and cooked. Add the dried Gui (Cinnamon) and stir-fry evenly until slightly fragrant. Spread on paper placed on the ground to dissipate fire toxicity. Cool, then sweep away black charred residues. Take 2 qian per dose. Add one cup of water and 2 slices of Ginger. Decoct to 70% volume. Take in small amounts slowly, slightly on an empty stomach.
Shenxiang Yin (Ginseng and Agarwood Drink): Treats vomiting due to Stomach deficiency where other medications have failed.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix, rhizome removed, 1 liang); Chenxiang (Agarwood); Dingxiang (Clove); Huoxiang (Patchouli Herb, with stem); Nanmuxiang (Southern Aucklandia Root) (each 2.5 qian).
Preparation: Cut into pieces. Take 2 qian per dose. Add one cup of water. Decoct to 70% volume, strain. Just before administration, add a little Ginger Juice. Divide into three doses. Take warm on an empty stomach.