凡小儿囟肿囟陷，汗出不流，如珠如油，舒舌退场门，舌肿发惊，泻黑黯血，发
直如麻，皮肤无血色，此心绝也，并壬癸曰死。病重啼哭无泪，及病不哭下泪，爪
甲青黑，眼深如陷，舌卷囊缩，发搐目斜，连唇口动，手如抱头之状或脚面直，《素
问》云∶其华在爪，其充在筋。肝绝也，并庚卒日死。人中满，人中黑，唇缩反
张，唇焦枯燥，唇干紫黑，唇不盖齿，血肿尿血，舌缩或卷，鼻孔开张，齿禁冷涎
如油，嘬口如囊，面如土色，四肢逆冷如湿石之状，吃乳不收，泻粪赤黑，脾绝也，
并甲乙日死。有热咽汤水并药食喉中鸣，是胃脆直不能荫肺，此证医书少有，盖累
曾试之有验，并死不治。目直青鲜，气喘不回，吃食噎嗽，痰涎塞口，喉中鸣响，
鼻塞不通，鼻干黑燥，肺胀胃膈，头汗四肢冷，此肺绝也，并丙丁日死。面黑神
昏，眼黑眼肿，目无光彩，耳叶青黄焦枯，疳牙齿落，发疏黄燥，皮肤黑燥，惊风
咬乳，戛齿泄屁，黑色绕口，此肾绝也，并戊己日死。
小儿死证十五候 眼上赤脉下贯瞳人，囟门肿起，兼及作坑，鼻干黑燥，肚大
青筋，目多直视，睹不转睛，指甲黑色，忽作鸦声，虚舌退场门，啮齿咬人鱼口，气
急啼不作声，蛔虫既出，必是死形，用药速救，十无一生。小儿病困，汗出如珠，
着身不流者死。小儿病，其头发皆上逆者必死。小儿病而囟陷，其口唇干，目皮
反，口中气出冷，手足四垂，其卧如缚，掌中冷，皆不治。小儿中风热，喘鸣肩
息，脉缓则生，急则死。小儿痢疾，脉浮大而腹痛者必死。乳子病热，脉悬小，
手足温则生，寒则死。
凡是小儿囟门肿胀或凹陷，出汗但汗液不流动，像珍珠或油脂一样黏稠，伸舌且肛门脱出，舌头肿胀并发出惊叫，排泄黑色暗红的血便，头发直立如乱麻，皮肤没有血色，这是心气绝的表现，遇到壬日、癸日就会死亡。病情严重时啼哭却没有眼泪，或者生病后不哭却流下眼泪，指甲青黑，眼睛深陷，舌头卷缩、阴囊收缩，发生抽搐且眼球斜视，嘴唇和口角抽动，双手呈现抱头状或脚背僵硬伸直，《素问》说：“其荣华表现在指甲，其充养在于筋脉。”这是肝气绝的表现，遇到庚日突然死亡。人中部位饱满，人中发黑，嘴唇收缩或向后反张，嘴唇焦枯干燥，嘴唇干紫发黑，嘴唇无法遮盖牙齿，血液肿胀并尿血，舌头缩短或卷曲，鼻孔张开，牙齿紧闭伴有冷涎如油般流出，嘴巴撮缩如口袋状，面色如土色，四肢冰冷如同湿石头，吃奶时乳汁不收留，排泄赤黑色的粪便，这是脾气绝的表现，遇到甲日、乙日就会死亡。体内有热，喝汤水及服药时喉咙中发出鸣响，这是因为胃气脆弱不能荫蔽肺脏，这种证候在医书中很少记载，大概是因为多次尝试验证过有效（指确认必死），并且属于死证无法治疗。眼睛直视且呈青色鲜明，气喘急促无法平复，进食时噎阻咳嗽，痰涎堵塞口腔，喉咙中鸣响，鼻塞不通，鼻部干燥黑燥，肺部胀满膈膜不适，头部出汗而四肢冰冷，这是肺气绝的表现，遇到丙日、丁日就会死亡。面色黑，神志昏迷，眼珠黑或眼睑肿胀，眼睛没有光彩，耳廓青黄焦枯，疳积导致牙齿脱落，头发稀疏黄燥，皮肤黑燥，惊风咬乳头，磨牙放屁，口周出现黑色环绕，这是肾气绝的表现，遇到戊日、己日就会死亡。
小儿死亡的十五种征象：眼上有赤色脉络向下贯穿瞳孔，囟门肿胀突起，同时兼有凹陷如坑，鼻子干燥黑燥，腹部肿大且有青色筋脉显露，眼睛多呈直视状态，注视时眼球不转动，指甲变黑，忽然发出乌鸦般的叫声，虚性伸舌且肛门脱出，咬牙咬人鱼穴，气息急促啼哭却发不出声音，蛔虫排出后，必定是死相，即使迅速用药抢救，十个人中也活不过一个。小儿病重，出汗如珍珠般，附着在身上不流动的会死亡。小儿患病，如果头发全部向上逆立的必定死亡。小儿患病且囟门凹陷，口唇干燥，眼皮翻转，口中呼出冷气，手足下垂，躺卧时身体僵硬如同被捆绑，手掌冰冷，这些都是无法治疗的病症。小儿患中风热证，喘息有声，肩膀随呼吸起伏，脉象缓则生，脉象急则死。小儿患痢疾，脉象浮大且腹痛的必定死亡。婴儿患热病，脉象悬小，手足温暖则生，手足寒冷则死。
Whenever an infant's fontanelle is swollen or sunken, sweating occurs but the sweat does not flow, appearing like pearls or oil (sticky and viscous), with the tongue protruding and the anus prolapsing, tongue swelling accompanied by convulsive cries, passage of black and dark bloody stools, hair standing straight like hemp fibers, and skin lacking luster, this indicates Heart Qi exhaustion. Death will occur on Ren or Gui days. When the illness is severe, the child cries without tears, or ceases crying yet sheds tears; nails are cyanotic and black, eyes are deeply sunken, the tongue is curled and retracted, the scrotum is contracted, convulsions occur with strabismus, lip and mouth twitching, hands holding the head or feet dorsum stiffly extended. As stated in *Suwen* (Basic Questions): "Its brilliance manifests in the nails, its nourishment resides in the tendons." This indicates Liver Qi exhaustion, leading to sudden death on Geng days. The philtrum is full, the philtrum is black, lips are retracted or reversed backward, lips are scorched, dry, and brittle, lips are dry, purple, and black, lips fail to cover the teeth, blood swelling occurs with hematuria, the tongue is shortened or curled, nostrils are dilated, teeth are clenched with cold saliva flowing like oil, the mouth purses like a bag, the face resembles earth color, limbs are cold and rigid like wet stones, milk intake is not retained, and stool is red-black. This indicates Spleen Qi exhaustion, leading to death on Jia or Yi days. Internal heat causes wheezing sounds in the throat when drinking soup, water, or taking medicine. This is because Stomach Qi is fragile and cannot moisten the Lung. This syndrome is rarely recorded in medical books, likely because repeated trials have confirmed its lethality; it is a fatal condition that cannot be treated. Eyes are fixed and bright green, breathing is rapid and unremitting, eating causes choking and coughing, phlegm and saliva block the mouth, wheezing sounds are heard in the throat, nasal congestion is present, the nose is dry, black, and scorched, lung distension and diaphragmatic discomfort occur, head sweating accompanies cold limbs. This indicates Lung Qi exhaustion, leading to death on Bing or Ding days. The face is black, consciousness is clouded, eyes are black or swollen, eyes lack luster, earlobes are cyanotic, yellow, scorched, and dry, malnutrition (Gan syndrome) leads to tooth loss, hair is sparse, yellow, and dry, skin is black and dry, convulsions cause biting of the nipple, grinding of teeth and flatulence, blackness surrounds the mouth. This indicates Kidney Qi exhaustion, leading to death on Wu or Ji days.
Fifteen signs of death in infants: Red vessels in the upper eye extend downward through the pupil; the fontanelle swells and protrudes, accompanied by depression like a pit; the nose is dry, black, and scorched; the abdomen is large with visible blue veins; eyes are frequently fixed, staring without moving; nails turn black; suddenly emitting crow-like sounds; pathological tongue protrusion with anal prolapse; teeth grinding and biting the human fish area (area between thumb and index finger); rapid breathing with silent crying; expulsion of roundworms indicates certain death. Even if medication is administered urgently for rescue, fewer than one in ten survives. In critically ill infants, sweat beads like pearls and adheres to the body without flowing indicates death. If all hair stands upright in an ill infant, death is certain. If an ill infant has a sunken fontanelle, dry lips, inverted eyelids, cold breath from the mouth, hanging limbs, a supine posture as if bound, and cold palms, these are untreatable conditions. For infants suffering from wind-heat stroke, wheezing with shoulder respiration: a slow pulse indicates survival, while a rapid pulse indicates death. For infants with dysentery, a floating and large pulse accompanied by abdominal pain indicates certain death. For infants with febrile disease, a suspended and small pulse: warm hands and feet indicate survival, while cold hands and feet indicate death.