柴胡 人参 黄芩 当归身 川芎 生地黄 白芍药 地骨皮 知母 麦门冬 淡竹叶
上锉细。水一盏，煎七分，去滓温服，不拘时。
疹后热不除，忽作搐者，不可与急惊风同论，用导赤散（心）加人参、麦门冬、送服安神丸（痘谵妄），小便
清者可治，短少者不可治。
凡疹后牙龈黑烂，肉腐血出，臭息冲人者，曰走马疳，马鸣散主之（痘余毒）。若面颊浮肿，环口青黑，颊漏齿脱，
唇崩鼻坏者，死证也。如唇口多疮，其声嗄哑者，曰狐惑，以化 丸主之（痘余毒）。更烦躁昏闷失声者，死证也。
文蛤散 麻毒入胃，牙肉黑烂出血，走马疳证。
雄黄（五钱） 五倍子（二钱） 枯矾（五分） 蚕蜕纸（烧、存性，一钱）
上细末。米泔水洗净，以药搽之。
雄黄散 治同上。
雄黄（一钱） 黄柏（二钱） 麝香（一分）
先用艾汤净洗，后搽药。
疹退之后，微微咳嗽者，此余毒未尽也，泻白散合消毒散主之。若咳甚气喘，连声不住，甚至饮食汤水俱呛出者，
此热毒乘肺而然也，宜门冬清肺汤加枇杷叶，见血，加茅根汁、阿胶珠主之。但见胸高如龟壳，肩耸而喘，
血退场门鼻，摆手摇头，面色或青或赤或白而枯者，皆不可治也。
门冬清肺汤
天门冬（去心） 麦门冬（去心） 知母 贝母 桔梗 款冬花 甘草 牛蒡子 杏仁（去
皮尖，研） 马兜苓 桑白皮 地骨皮（各等分）
上锉细。水一盏，煎七分，去滓，食后温服。
疹出之时，曾作泄利，未经清解。至疹退之后，变为休息痢，不问赤白里急后重，日夜无度，此余毒在大肠也，
以黄芩汤送下香连丸。虚者、加人参。滑者、加椿根白皮。俱于丸药内加之，勿入煎药。
疹子既收，其毒不解，邪火拂郁，浑身发热，昼夜不退，发枯肤瘁，渐成疳瘵，
以清热除疳丸主之。若不早治，以致睡则扬睛，口鼻气冷，手足厥逆，微微螈 ，变为慢风，不救者多矣。
清热除疳丸
黄连 当归（各二钱） 龙胆草 青皮 陈皮 芦荟（各一钱五分） 川芎 干蟾头（烧，各一钱）
使君子（一钱二分）
共为末。神曲糊为丸。米汤下。
如浑身壮热，未至羸瘦，但多搐掣，烦躁不宁。此热在心脾二经也，以当归养
血汤、黄连安神丸、间而服之。
当归养血汤
当归 川芎 生地黄 麦门冬（去心） 木通 甘草 淡竹叶 山栀仁 灯心
便秘，少加大黄。
黄连安神丸
黄连 当归 龙胆草（各二钱） 石菖蒲 茯神（各一钱五分） 全蝎（七个）
共为细末，汤浸蒸饼杵猪心血丸，朱砂为衣。灯草汤下。
几见疹子收完之后，出入动止如常，忽然心腹绞痛而死者，还是元气虚弱，曾受疫疠之气，外虽无病，里
实亏损，所以一发而死也，谓之中恶。间有用人参汤研苏合香丸而苏者。
【禁忌】疹家禁忌，比痘家禁忌尤甚，若误食鸡鱼，则终身但遇天行之时，又令重出也。盐醋食之，令咳
不止。五辛食之，令生惊热。所以通禁，必待四十九日之后，方无禁也。大热未退，不可与食，与伤寒同。
一发之时，既表之后，切戒
风寒、冷水、瓜果之类，如一犯之，则皮毛闭塞，毒瓦斯难泄，遂变紫黑而死矣。如极渴欲水，只宜少与葱白，以
滋其渴耳。必须使皮窍中常微汗润泽可也。又忌梅、桃、鱼、蜂蜜、香鲜之物，恐惹疳虫上行。
柴胡、人参、黄芩、当归身、川芎、生地黄、白芍药、地骨皮、知母、麦门冬、淡竹叶。
以上药材切碎成细末。加水一盏，煎煮至七分，滤去药渣，温服，服用时间不限。
麻疹消退后热势不退，突然发生抽搐的，不能与急惊风（急性惊厥）混为一谈，应使用导赤散（清心火方剂）加入人参、麦门冬，并送服安神丸（用于痘疹余毒引起的谵妄）。若小便清澈量多者可治，若小便短少者则不可治。
凡是麻疹后退牙龈发黑腐烂，肌肉腐败出血，口臭冲人的，称为走马疳（一种严重的口腔坏死性疾病），以马鸣散为主治方剂（针对痘疹余毒）。如果面颊浮肿，口周青黑，脸颊溃漏牙齿脱落，嘴唇崩坏鼻子坏死的，属于死证。如果唇口多处生疮，声音嘶哑的，称为狐惑（类似现代白塞氏病或严重口腔生殖器溃疡综合征），以化 丸为主治方剂（针对痘疹余毒）。如果出现烦躁昏闷、失声的症状，也属于死证。
文蛤散：麻毒侵入胃部，导致牙肉发黑腐烂出血，即走马疳证候。
雄黄（五钱）、五倍子（二钱）、枯矾（五分）、蚕蜕纸（烧存性，一钱）。
以上研为细末。用米泔水洗净患处，将药物涂抹其上。
雄黄散：治疗同上。
雄黄（一钱）、黄柏（二钱）、麝香（一分）。
先用艾叶汤洗净，然后涂抹药物。
麻疹消退之后，若有轻微咳嗽，这是余毒未尽的表现，以泻白散合消毒散为主治方剂。如果咳嗽剧烈气喘，连续不断，甚至饮食汤水都呛出，这是热毒乘袭肺脏所致，宜用门冬清肺汤加枇杷叶；若见咳血，加茅根汁、阿胶珠主治。只要见到胸部高耸如龟壳，耸肩喘息，血液从肛门和鼻孔流出，摆手摇头，面色或青或赤或白且干枯的，都属于不可治疗的死证。
门冬清肺汤
天门冬（去心）、麦门冬（去心）、知母、贝母、桔梗、款冬花、甘草、牛蒡子、杏仁（去皮尖，研磨）、马兜铃、桑白皮、地骨皮（各等分）。
以上切碎成细末。加水一盏，煎煮至七分，滤去药渣，饭后温服。
在出疹期间，曾发生腹泻痢疾，未经过彻底清解。等到疹退之后，转变为休息痢（慢性间歇性痢疾），无论大便赤白、里急后重，日夜无度，这是余毒在大肠，以黄芩汤送下香连丸。体质虚弱者，加人参。滑泄者，加椿根白皮。均加入丸药中，不要放入煎剂。
麻疹既已收没，但毒邪未解，邪火拂郁，浑身发热，昼夜不退，毛发干枯皮肤憔悴，逐渐形成疳瘵（小儿慢性消耗性疾病），以清热除疳丸为主治方剂。如果不尽早治疗，以致睡眠时眼睛上翻，口鼻气息寒冷，手足厥冷，微微抽搐，变为慢惊风（慢性惊厥），大多无法救治。
清热除疳丸
黄连、当归（各二钱）、龙胆草、青皮、陈皮、芦荟（各一钱五分）、川芎、干蟾头（烧制，各一钱）、使君子（一钱二分）。
共研为细末。用神曲糊制作成丸剂。米汤送服。
如果浑身壮热，尚未至消瘦，但频繁抽搐，烦躁不宁。这是热邪在心脾二经，以当归养血汤、黄连安神丸，交替服用。
当归养血汤
当归、川芎、生地黄、麦门冬（去心）、木通、甘草、淡竹叶、山栀仁、灯心草。
便秘者，少量加大黄。
黄连安神丸
黄连、当归、龙胆草（各二钱）、石菖蒲、茯神（各一钱五分）、全蝎（七个）。
共研为细末，用汤浸蒸饼捣碎，加入猪心血制成丸剂，朱砂为衣。灯心草汤送服。
常见麻疹收没之后，出入行动如常，忽然心腹绞痛而死亡的，还是因为元气虚弱，曾经受到疫疠之气侵袭，外表虽无病症，内部实则亏损，所以一发即死，这称为中恶（突发性虚脱或中毒样症状）。间或有用人参汤研开苏合香丸而苏醒的。
【禁忌】患麻疹者的禁忌，比患痘疹者的禁忌更为严格。如果误食鸡肉鱼肉，则终身每当遇到天行疫病之时，又会令病情复发。食用盐醋，会导致咳嗽不止。食用五辛（葱、蒜、韭、薤、兴渠等辛辣刺激性食物），会导致产生惊热。因此必须全面禁忌，必须等到四十九日之后，才没有禁忌。大热未退时，不可进食油腻食物，这与伤寒病的禁忌相同。一旦发病，经过发汗解表之后，切忌接触风寒、冷水、瓜果之类，如果触犯，则皮毛闭塞，毒瓦斯难以宣泄，遂变成紫黑色而死。如果极度口渴想喝水，只宜少量给予葱白，以滋润其口渴即可。必须使皮肤毛孔常有微汗润泽才可以。又忌食梅子、桃子、鱼、蜂蜜、香气鲜美的食物，恐怕招惹疳虫上行。
Bupleurum Radix (Chaihu), Ginseng Radix (Renshen), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui Shen), Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Rehmanniae Radix Recens (Shengdihuang), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao), Cortex Lycii (Digupi), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maimendong), Lophatheri Herba (Danzhuyez).
The above herbs are finely chopped. Add one cup of water, decoct until seven-tenths remains, strain the dregs, and take warm at any time.
If fever persists after the rash subsides and sudden convulsions occur, this should not be discussed as acute wind-stroke (Ji Jing Feng / Acute Convulsion). Use Dao Chi San (Clear Heart Fire Decoction) added with Ginseng Radix (Renshen) and Ophiopogonis Radix (Maimendong), taken together with An Shen Wan (Calming Spirit Pill for smallpox residual toxicity causing delirium). If urine is clear and abundant, it is treatable; if urine is scanty, it is untreatable.
Whenever the gums turn black and rot after the rash, with flesh decaying and bleeding, and foul breath assaulting people, this is called "Walking Horse Gangrene" (Zou Ma Gan, a severe oral necrotic disease). It is primarily treated with Ma Ming San (for residual toxicity from smallpox/rash). If the cheeks are swollen, the area around the mouth is cyanotic and black, the cheeks leak and teeth fall out, lips collapse, and the nose rots, these are death signs. If there are many sores on the lips and mouth, accompanied by hoarseness, it is called Hu Huo (similar to Behcet's syndrome or severe oral-genital ulceration), primarily treated with Hua Wan (for residual toxicity from smallpox/rash). If accompanied by restlessness, confusion, loss of voice, these are also death signs.
Wen Ge San: For measles toxin entering the stomach, causing blackening, rotting, and bleeding of gum tissue, presenting as Walking Horse Gangrene.
Realgar (Xionghuang, 5 qian), Chinese Gall (Wubeizi, 2 qian), Calcined Alum (Kufan, 5 fen), Silkworm Molt Paper (Can Tui Zhi, burned to retain properties, 1 qian).
Grind into fine powder. Clean the affected area with rice washing water, then apply the medicine topically.
Xionghuang San: Treatment same as above.
Realgar (Xionghuang, 1 qian), Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai, 2 qian), Moschus (Shexiang, 1 fen).
First wash cleanly with Mugwort water, then apply the medicine.
After the rash subsides, slight coughing indicates that residual toxins have not yet cleared. This is primarily treated with Xie Bai San combined with Xiao Du San. If coughing is severe with wheezing, continuous and unceasing, even causing food and liquids to be choked out, this is due to heat-toxin attacking the Lung. One should use Mendong Qingfei Tang (Ophiopogon Lung-Clearing Decoction) added with Loquat Leaf (Pipaye); if blood appears, add Sedge Rhizome Juice (Maogen Zhi) and Fried Donkey-hide Gelatin (E'jiao Zhu). If one observes the chest protruding like a turtle shell, shrugging shoulders while panting, bleeding from anus and nostrils, waving hands and shaking head, with complexion either cyanotic, red, or pale and withered, all are untreatable.
Mendong Qingfei Tang
Asparagus Fern Root (Tianmendong, dehearted), Ophiopogon Root (Maimendong, dehearted), Anemarrhena Rhizome (Zhimu), Fritillaria Bulb (Beimu), Platycodon Root (Jiegeng), Coltsfoot Flower (Kuandonghua), Licorice Root (Gancao), Arnebia Seed (Niubangzi), Apricot Kernel (Xingren, peeled and tip removed, ground), Aristolochia Root (Madouling), Mulberry Root Bark (Sangbaipi), Lycium Bark (Digupi) (all in equal parts).
Finely chop. Add one cup of water, decoct until seven-tenths remains, strain, and take warm after meals.
During the eruption phase, if diarrhea/dysentery occurred and was not thoroughly cleared, and after the rash subsides transforms into intermittent dysentery (Xiuxi Li), regardless of whether stool is red/white with tenesmus, occurring day and night without limit, this is residual toxin in the Large Intestine. Treat with Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction) to deliver Xianglian Wan (Fragrant Coptis Pill). For deficiency cases, add Ginseng Radix (Renshen). For slippery/uncontrolled cases, add Toona Root Bark (Chungen Baipi). Add these to the pill mixture, do not put them in the decoction.
Once the rash has receded but the toxin remains unresolved, evil fire stagnates, causing whole-body fever unrelenting day and night, dry hair, emaciated skin, gradually forming Gan Zhai (pediatric chronic consumption disease). Primarily treat with Qingre Chu Gan Wan (Heat-Clearing and Worm-Expelling Pill). If not treated early, leading to eyes rolling up during sleep, cold breath from mouth/nose, cold limbs, slight tremors, transforming into slow wind (Man Feng / Chronic Convulsion), most will not survive.
Qingre Chu Gan Wan
Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian), Angelica Sinensis Root (Danggui) (each 2 qian), Gentian Root (Longdancao), Green Tangerina Peel (Qingpi), Aged Tangerina Peel (Chenpi), Aloe (Luhui) (each 1.5 qian), Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Dried Toad Head (Ganchan Tou, burned) (each 1 qian), Quisqualis Fruit (Shijunzi) (1.2 qian).
Grind into fine powder. Make pills using Medicated Leaven paste. Take with rice soup.
If there is high fever throughout the body, not yet emaciated, but frequent convulsions and restless irritability, this indicates heat in the Heart and Spleen meridians. Administer Danggui Yangxue Tang (Angelica Blood-Nourishing Decoction) and Huanglian Anshen Wan (Coptis Calming Spirit Pill) alternately.
Danggui Yangxue Tang
Angelica Sinensis Root (Danggui), Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Rehmannia Root Fresh (Shengdihuang), Ophiopogon Root (Maimendong, dehearted), Akebia Stem (Mutong), Licorice Root (Gancao), Lophatherum Herb (Danzhuyez), Gardenia Seed (Shanzhiren), Juncus Effusus (Dengxin).
For constipation, add small amount of Rhubarb (Dahuang).
Huanglian Anshen Wan
Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian), Angelica Sinensis Root (Danggui), Gentian Root (Longdancao) (each 2 qian), Acorus Rhizome (Shichangpu), Poria (Fushen) (each 1.5 qian), Full Scorpion (Quanxie) (7 pieces).
Grind into fine powder. Soak steamed dough cake in water, pound with pig heart blood to make pills, coat with Cinnabar (Zhusha). Take with Juncus tea.
It is often seen that after the rash has completely receded, when movement and activity are normal, sudden death occurs due to severe abdominal pain. This is still due to weak Yuan Qi (Original Qi) having been affected by epidemic pestilence qi. Although there are no external symptoms, the interior is actually deficient, so death occurs upon onset. This is called Zhong E (Sudden Evil Attack/Syncope). Occasionally, patients may revive by taking Ren Shen Tang (Ginseng Decoction) mixed with Su He Xiang Wan (Styrax Pill).
[Contraindications] The contraindications for measles patients are stricter than those for smallpox patients. If chicken or fish is mistakenly consumed, whenever an epidemic occurs in later years, the disease will recur. Consumption of salt and vinegar causes incessant coughing. Consumption of Five Pungent Spices (Wu Xin - pungent vegetables like garlic, scallions, etc.) causes convulsive fever. Therefore, all must be strictly prohibited until forty-nine days have passed, after which there are no restrictions. When high heat has not subsided, greasy foods should not be eaten, similar to contraindications for Cold Damage (Shanghan). After the initial eruption and sweating therapy, one must strictly avoid wind-cold, cold water, melons, and fruits. If violated, pores close, preventing toxin expulsion, leading to purple-black discoloration and death. If extremely thirsty and desiring water, only give small amounts of Scallion White (Congbai) to moisten thirst. It is necessary to maintain slight perspiration and moisture through the skin pores. Also avoid plums, peaches, fish, honey, and fragrant/fresh foods, lest they provoke worm pathogens to ascend.