（痘有专科。痘中症候不载。惟于痘后至紧要症。附专数方。）
一、泄泻。唇口淡白。疮靥平白。小便清。宜用六君子汤。
一、痘靥平白。宜用保元汤。
一、痘靥不落。落过者亦平白。宜用八珍汤。
一、痘中眼内生翳子。宜用兔粪焙之为末。每服三四钱。白水送下。服至升余即散。
一、痘后疮靥。或红肿紫肿黑肿。急宜解毒。用生地、连翘、归尾、甘草、赤芍等。服三四剂。毒自解。
郡城孝廉危东原两嫒。痘后一愆期不收。一收后痘靥平白。俱有微热。邀余过治。见唇口惨白。气出微微。
并用十全大补汤。服二剂。热除靥脱。俱转红润。随以保元汤调服之。愈。此望色审窍。知血气两虚之一验也。
肺朝百脉之气。肝统诸经之血。盖营血者。水谷之精气也。脾胃有伤。营卫虚弱。故血失常道而妄行。若气
虚气弱神瘦。唇有血色者。治法宜用四君子汤。
血虚者。精神照原。唇舌无色。治用四物汤加参、术。
粪前见血为近血。用黄连解毒汤。粪后见血为远血。用清胃汤。久不止者。用补中益气汤加胡黄连。
吐血者。胃中积热。宜用麦门冬饮。或清胃汤。
衄血者。脾热传肺。而肺不能统。血从鼻出。宜六君子汤加桔梗、当归、栀仁、黄芩。
咯血者。肾虚也。咯如牝鸡唤乳鸡声。婴儿无此症。
有咳嗽而吐血者。庸医多以童子痨治之。误矣，此乃肾水心火不相升降。火炎无制。治宜滋阴降火汤。
夏禹铸曰。诸般失血。有面色可审。俱属寻常。惟血脱、嗽血二种。症不多见。附录效案。以下较证。余友
陈公载之侄女。七岁。血吐数升。身冷如冰。通身筋现青色。平常扑跌处青更甚。唇口惨白。口气微冷。此乃气
虚血脱。初、大方脉作肺热。迫血妄行。用栀仁、黄芩等味。吐愈甚。此固照理用剂。却不知看色之妙。后余用
人参、黄 、肉桂、麦冬、甘草、白茯苓。二剂而愈。此气虚脱血。望形审窍之一验也。咳嗽带血。方见咳嗽类。
用滋阴降火汤。屡用屡效。症无疑二。故不附案。
（痘疹有专门的学科。痘疹中的各种症候没有详细记载，只在痘疹痊愈后出现的重要病症中，附上几个专门的有效方剂。）
一、泄泻。嘴唇和口色淡白，痘疮结痂处平坦且颜色苍白，小便清长。适宜使用六君子汤。
一、痘疮结痂不脱落，或者已经脱落后疮面依然平坦苍白。适宜使用八珍汤。
一、痘疹期间眼睛内部生出翳膜。适宜用兔粪焙干研成粉末，每次服用三四钱，用白开水送服。服用到一两升左右，翳膜自然消散。
一、痘疹痊愈后，疮痂部位如果出现红肿、紫肿或黑肿，急需解毒。使用生地、连翘、当归尾、甘草、赤芍等药材。服用三四剂，毒邪自然解除。
郡城孝廉危东原的两个女儿，痘疹后一个过期未收靥，一个收靂后痘疮平坦苍白，都有轻微发热，邀请我前去诊治。见到她们嘴唇和口色惨白，气息微弱。
统一使用十全大补汤。服用两剂后，热退且痘痂脱落，都转为红润。随后用保元汤调理服用，痊愈。这是通过观察面色和审察孔窍，判断气血两虚的一个验证案例。
肺朝会百脉之气，肝统摄各经之血。所谓营血，是水谷精微化生的精气。如果脾胃受损，营卫虚弱，血液就会失去正常轨道而妄行。如果是气虚、气弱、神疲消瘦，但嘴唇仍有血色者，治疗方法适宜使用四君子汤。
血虚者，精神面貌如常，但唇舌无色，治疗使用四物汤加入人参、白术。
大便前见血为近血，使用黄连解毒汤。大便后见血为远血，使用清胃汤。久治不止的，使用补中益气汤加入胡黄连。
吐血者，是胃中积热所致，适宜使用麦门冬饮，或者清胃汤。
鼻衄（流鼻血）者，是脾热传于肺，导致肺不能统摄血液，血液从鼻腔流出。适宜使用六君子汤加入桔梗、当归、栀子仁、黄芩。
咯血者，是肾虚所致。咯血声音像母鸡呼唤小鸡的声音。婴儿没有这种病症。
有咳嗽并伴随吐血的，庸医多将其当作童子痨（肺结核）治疗，这是错误的。这其实是肾水与心火升降失常，火炎上而无制约。治疗适宜使用滋阴降火汤。
夏禹铸说：各种失血症状，可以通过面色来审察，大多属于寻常病症。只有血脱和嗽血两种，症状不多见。附录有效案例，以便与其他证候比较。我的朋友陈公载的侄女，七岁，吐血数升，身体冷如冰，全身筋脉显现青色，平常磕碰处青色更甚，嘴唇和口色惨白，口气微冷。这是气虚导致的血脱。起初，内科医生认为是肺热迫血妄行，使用了栀子仁、黄芩等药物，结果吐血更加严重。这固然按照理论用药，却不知道观察面色的奥妙。后来我用人参、黄芪、肉桂、麦冬、甘草、白茯苓治疗，两剂就痊愈了。这是通过望形体、审孔窍来判断气虚脱血的一个验证案例。咳嗽带血的方子，参见咳嗽类，使用滋阴降火汤，屡用屡效，症状无疑，所以不附案例。
(There is a specialized discipline for smallpox/variolae. The various syndromes within variolae are not recorded in detail; only the critical conditions occurring after the resolution of variolae are attached with several specific prescriptions.)
1. Diarrhea (Xie Xie). The lips and mouth appear pale, the scabs of the pustules are flat and white, and urination is clear. Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) is appropriate.
2. The scabs of the pustules are flat and white. Baoyuan Tang (Preserve Vitality Decoction) is appropriate.
3. The scabs of the pustules do not fall off, or even after falling off, the skin remains flat and pale. Bazhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction) is appropriate.
4. During the course of variolae, opacities (Yi Zi) form inside the eyes. It is appropriate to roast rabbit feces (Tun Fen), grind them into powder, take 3–4 qian per dose, and swallow with plain water. After consuming more than one sheng, the opacities will dissipate naturally.
5. After the resolution of variolae, if the scarred areas become red and swollen, purple and swollen, or black and swollen, urgent detoxification is required. Use Shengdi Huang (Rehmanniae Radix), Lian Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Danggui Wei (Angelicae Sinensis Radix Caulis), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), and Chishao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra). Take 3–4 doses, and the toxin will resolve naturally.
The two daughters of Xiaolian Wei Dongyuan in the county city: one had delayed resolution of the pustules, and the other had flat, white scabs after resolution. Both presented with slight fever. They invited me to treat them. I observed their lips and mouths were ghastly white, and their breath was faint.
I uniformly prescribed Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Thousand People Great Tonifying Decoction). After two doses, the fever subsided, the scabs fell off, and both turned rosy. Subsequently, they were regulated with Baoyuan Tang until cured. This serves as a verification of diagnosing dual deficiency of Qi and Blood through observing complexion and examining sensory orifices.
The Lung receives the Qi of all vessels; the Liver commands the Blood of all meridians. Ying Blood (Nutritive Blood) is the refined essence derived from food and drink. If the Spleen and Stomach are damaged, leading to weakness of Ying and Wei (Defensive) Qi, blood may deviate from its normal pathway and flow recklessly. In cases of Qi deficiency, Qi weakness, mental fatigue, and emaciation, yet where the lips retain color, the treatment method should employ Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction).
In cases of Blood deficiency, the spirit and demeanor remain normal, but the lips and tongue lack color. Treatment uses Siwu Tang (Four Substance Decoction) supplemented with Renshen (Ginseng Radix) and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma).
Blood appearing before defecation is termed "Near Blood" (Jin Xue); treat with Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Decoction for Resolving Toxicity). Blood appearing after defecation is termed "Far Blood" (Yuan Xue); treat with Qingwei Tang (Clear the Stomach Decoction). For chronic cases that do not stop, use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) supplemented with Huhuanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma processed with honey).
Hematemesis (Vomiting blood) results from accumulated heat in the Stomach; treat with Maimendong Yin (Ophiopogon Drink) or Qingwei Tang.
Epistaxis (Nosebleed) occurs when Heat from the Spleen transmits to the Lung, causing the Lung to lose its ability to command blood, resulting in blood flowing from the nose. Treat with Liujunzi Tang supplemented with Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Zhiren (Gardeniae Semen), and Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix).
Hemoptysis (Coughing up blood) is due to Kidney Deficiency. The sound of coughing resembles a hen calling to her chicks. Infants do not present this syndrome.
Some patients present with cough accompanied by vomiting blood. Quacks often mistakenly diagnose this as Tongzilao (Childhood Consumption/Tuberculosis). This is actually a failure of Kidney Water and Heart Fire to ascend and descend properly, leading to uncontrolled flaming fire. Treatment requires Ziyin Jianghuo Tang (Nourish Yin and Descend Fire Decoction).
Xia Yuzhu stated: Various types of hemorrhage can be assessed by facial complexion and generally belong to common conditions. Only Blood Collapse (Xue Tuo) and Coughing Blood (Sou Xue) are rare symptoms. I append effective cases below for comparison. My friend Chen Gongzai’s niece, aged seven, vomited several shengs of blood. Her body was cold as ice, and all visible tendons showed cyanosis, which was even more pronounced at sites of previous trauma. Her lips and mouth were ghastly white, and her breath was slightly cold. This was Qi deficiency leading to Blood collapse. Initially, internal medicine physicians attributed it to Lung Heat forcing blood to flow recklessly and used Zhiren and Huangqin, which exacerbated the vomiting. Although the medication followed theoretical principles, they failed to grasp the subtleties of observing complexion. Later, I treated her with Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), and Baifuling (Poria), curing her in two doses. This serves as a verification of diagnosing Qi deficiency and Blood collapse through observing physical form and examining orifices. For coughing blood, see the Cough category, using Ziyin Jianghuo Tang, which has proven repeatedly effective. The diagnosis is certain, so no case is appended.