干姜（辛热去皮三两） 黄连（三两去须苦寒） 黄芩（三两苦寒） 人参（三两
甘温）
上四味。以水六升。煮取二升。去滓。分温。再服。
辛以散之。甘以缓之。干姜人参之甘辛。以补正气。苦以泄之。黄连黄芩之苦。以
通寒格。
下利有微热而渴。脉弱者。令自愈。
下利阴寒之疾。反大热者逆。有微热而渴。里气方温也。经曰。诸弱发热。脉弱者。
阳气得复也。令必自愈。
下利。脉数。有微热。汗出。令自愈。设复紧。为未解。
下利阴病也。脉数。阳脉也。阴病见阳脉者生。微热汗出。阳气得通也。利必自愈。
诸紧为寒。设复脉紧。阴气犹胜。故云未解。
下利。手足厥冷。无脉者。灸之不温。若脉不还。反微喘者死。
下利。手足厥逆无脉者。阴气独胜。阳气大虚也。灸之阳气复。手足温而脉还。为
欲愈。若手足不温。脉不还者。阳已绝也。反微喘者。阳气脱也。
少阴负趺阳者。为顺也。
少阴肾水。趺阳脾土。下利为肾邪干脾。水不胜土。则为微邪。故为顺也。
下利。寸脉反浮数。尺中自涩者。必清脓血。
下利者。脉当沉而迟。反浮数者。里有热也。涩为无血。尺中自涩者。肠胃血散也。
随利下。必便脓血。清与圊通。脉经曰。清者厕也。
下利清谷。不可攻表。汗出必胀满。
下利者。脾胃虚也。胃为津液之主。发汗亡津液。则胃气愈虚。必胀满。
下利。脉沉弦者。下重也。脉大者为未止。脉微弱数者。为欲自止。虽发热不死。
沉为在里。弦为拘急。里气不足。是主下重。大则病进。此利未止。脉微弱数者。邪气
微而阳气复。为欲自止。虽发热。止由阳胜。非大逆也。
下利脉沉而迟。其人面少赤。身有微热。下利清谷者。必郁冒汗出而解。病患必微
厥。所以然者。其面戴阳。下虚故也。
下利清谷。脉沉而迟。里有寒也。面少赤。身有微热。表未解也。病患微厥。针经
曰。下虚则厥。表邪欲解。临汗之时。以里先虚。必郁冒。然后汗出而解也。
下利。脉数而渴者。令自愈。设不瘥。必清脓血。以有热故也。
经曰。脉数不解。而下不止。必胁热便脓血也。
下利后。脉绝。手足厥冷。 时脉还。手足温者生。脉不还者死。
下利后。脉绝。手足厥冷者。无阳也。 时。周时也。周时厥愈脉出。为阳气复。则生。
若手足不温。脉不还者。为阳气绝则死。
伤寒下利。日十余行。脉反实者死。
下利者。里虚也。脉当微弱。反实者。病胜脏也。故死。难经曰。脉不应病。病不
应脉。是为死病。
下利清谷。里寒外热。汗出而厥者。通脉四逆汤主之。
下利清谷。为里寒。身热不解。为外热。汗出。阳气通行于外。则未当厥。其汗出
而厥者。阳气太虚也。与通脉四逆汤。以固阳气。
热利下重者。白头翁汤主之。
利则津液少。热则伤气。气虚下利。致后重也。与白头翁汤。散热浓肠。
干姜（辛热，去皮三两） 黄连（三两，去须，苦寒） 黄芩（三两，苦寒） 人参（三两，甘温）
以上四味药。用水六升。煮取二升药液。去掉药渣。分两次温服。
辛味药物能发散邪气。甘味药物能缓和急迫。干姜和人参的辛甘之性。用来补益正气。苦味药物能泄降邪气。黄连和黄芩的苦味。用来通治寒格（指上热下寒、格拒不通的病证）。
腹泻属于阴寒性质的疾病。如果出现大热的症状则是逆证。若有轻微发热且口渴。说明体内阳气正在恢复温暖。经书说。诸弱脉伴随发热。脉象弱。说明阳气得以回复。必定会自行痊愈。
腹泻。脉象数。有轻微发热。出汗。会自行痊愈。如果脉象再次变得紧。说明病邪未解。
腹泻是阴病。脉数是阳脉。阴病出现阳脉者生。轻微发热出汗。说明阳气得以通达。腹泻必定自行痊愈。
各种紧脉主寒。如果脉象仍然紧。说明阴气依然强盛。所以说病未解除。
腹泻。手足冰冷。没有脉搏。施灸后手脚不回暖。如果脉搏不恢复。反而出现轻微气喘的。预后不良。
腹泻。手足厥冷且无脉搏。说明阴气独盛。阳气极度虚弱。施灸后阳气回复。手脚变暖且脉搏恢复。是想要痊愈的迹象。如果手脚不暖。脉搏不恢复。说明阳气已绝。反而出现轻微气喘。说明阳气脱失。
少阴脉（尺部脉）弱于趺阳脉（足背动脉）。为顺证。
少阴对应肾水。趺阳对应脾土。腹泻是因为肾邪干扰脾土。若水不胜土。则仅为轻微邪气。所以为顺证。
腹泻。寸脉反而浮数。尺中脉自涩的。必然排出脓血。
腹泻。脉象应当沉而迟。反而浮数。说明里有热。涩脉代表无血。尺中脉自涩。说明肠胃血液散乱。随腹泻而下。必然大便带脓血。“清”与“圊”相通。《脉经》说。清指厕所。
腹泻。脾胃虚弱。胃是津液的主宰。发汗耗伤津液。则胃气更加虚弱。必然导致胀满。
腹泻。脉象沉弦的。有里急后重感。脉象大的表示病势未止。脉象微弱数的。表示病情将要停止。虽然发热也不会死。
沉脉主在里。弦脉主拘急。里气不足。所以主里急后重。大脉表示病进。此腹泻未止。脉微弱数。说明邪气微而阳气回复。表示病情将要停止。虽然发热。只是由阳胜所致。并非大逆证。
腹泻脉象沉而迟。病人面部少许发红。身体有轻微发热。腹泻排出未消化食物的。必然会出现郁冒（头晕目眩如物蒙蔽）并出汗而病解。病人必有轻微四肢厥冷。之所以这样。是因为面戴阳（虚阳上浮）。下部虚损的缘故。
腹泻排出未消化食物。脉象沉而迟。说明里有寒。面部少许发红。身体有轻微发热。说明表证未解。病人轻微厥冷。《针经》说。下部虚则厥冷。表邪欲解。在即将出汗之时。因里先虚。必然出现郁冒。然后出汗而病解。
腹泻。脉数且口渴的。会自行痊愈。如果不愈。必然排出脓血。因为有热的原因。
腹泻后。脉搏消失。手足冰冷。过一段时间脉搏恢复。手足温暖的。预后良好。脉搏不恢复的。预后不良。
伤寒腹泻。一天十多次。脉象反而实的。预后不良。
腹泻。属里虚。脉象应当微弱。反而实。说明病邪胜过脏气。所以预后不良。《难经》说。脉不应病。病不应脉。这是死病。
腹泻排出未消化食物。里寒外热。出汗且四肢厥冷的。用通脉四逆汤主治。
腹泻排出未消化食物。为里寒。身热不退。为外热。出汗。阳气通行于外。本不应厥冷。其出汗且厥冷的。说明阳气太虚。给予通脉四逆汤。以固护阳气。
Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum, pungent and hot, peeled, 3 liang) Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis, 3 liang, remove the rootlets, bitter and cold) Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae, 3 liang, bitter and cold) Renshen (Radix Ginseng, 3 liang, sweet and warm).
The above four herbs. Boil with six sheng of water. Reduce to two sheng of decoction. Remove the dregs. Divide into two doses and take warm.
Pungent substances disperse [pathogens]. Sweet substances moderate [tension]. The pungent and sweet properties of Ganjiang and Renshen tonify the righteous qi. Bitter substances drain [excess]. The bitter properties of Huanglian and Huangqin unblock cold-ge [a condition of upper heat and lower cold causing rejection].
In diarrhea accompanied by slight fever and thirst, if the pulse is weak, it will resolve spontaneously.
Diarrhea is a yin-cold disease. If there is sudden intense heat, it is an adverse sign. With slight fever and thirst, it indicates that the interior qi is warming up. The Classics state: "Weak pulses with fever." A weak pulse indicates the restoration of yang qi. It will certainly resolve spontaneously.
In diarrhea, if the pulse is rapid, with slight fever and sweating, it will resolve spontaneously. If the pulse becomes tight again, the pathogen has not been resolved.
Diarrhea is a yin disease. A rapid pulse is a yang pulse. When a yin disease presents with a yang pulse, life is preserved. Slight fever and sweating indicate that yang qi is circulating. The diarrhea will certainly resolve spontaneously.
All tight pulses indicate cold. If the pulse remains tight, yin qi still prevails. Hence, it is said that the condition is not resolved.
In diarrhea, if the hands and feet are cold and there is no pulse, moxibustion applied fails to warm them. If the pulse does not return and there is instead slight panting, death ensues.
In diarrhea, with cold hands and feet and no pulse, yin qi alone prevails and yang qi is greatly deficient. After moxibustion, if yang qi restores, hands and feet become warm and the pulse returns, recovery is desired. If hands and feet remain cold and the pulse does not return, yang qi is exhausted. If there is slight panting, it indicates the collapse of yang qi.
If the Shaoyin pulse [radial artery at the wrist] is weaker than the Fuyang pulse [dorsalis pedis artery], it is a favorable sign.
Shaoyin corresponds to Kidney Water. Fuyang corresponds to Spleen Earth. Diarrhea occurs when Kidney evil interferes with Spleen. If Water cannot overcome Earth, it is merely a minor pathogen. Thus, it is favorable.
In diarrhea, if the Cun pulse [distal position on radial artery] is unexpectedly floating and rapid, while the Chi pulse [proximal position on radial artery] is naturally choppy, pus and blood must appear in the stool.
In diarrhea, the pulse should be deep and slow. If unexpectedly floating and rapid, it indicates heat in the interior. Choppy pulse signifies lack of blood. A naturally choppy Chi pulse indicates scattering of blood in the intestines and stomach. Accompanying the diarrhea, pus and blood will inevitably appear in the stool. "Qing" and "Qing" [to defecate] are interchangeable. The Maijing states: "Qing refers to the toilet."
In diarrhea with undigested food in the stool, exterior attack via sweating is contraindicated. Sweating will inevitably cause abdominal fullness.
Diarrhea indicates deficiency of the Spleen and Stomach. The Stomach is the master of fluid substances. Sweating depletes fluids, further weakening Stomach qi. Abdominal fullness will inevitably result.
In diarrhea, if the pulse is deep and wiry, there is a sensation of heaviness in the rectum [tenesmus]. If the pulse is large, the condition has not ceased. If the pulse is faint, weak, and rapid, the condition is about to cease. Even with fever, death will not occur.
Deep pulse indicates interior location. Wiry pulse indicates tension/constriction. Interior qi deficiency causes tenesmus. Large pulse indicates disease progression; this diarrhea has not ceased. A faint, weak, and rapid pulse indicates that the pathogen is mild and yang qi is restoring, suggesting the condition is about to cease. Although there is fever, it is due to yang predominance, not a major adverse reversal.
In diarrhea, if the pulse is deep and slow, the patient's face shows slight redness, the body has slight fever, and there is diarrhea with undigested food, there will inevitably be vertigo/dizziness [yumao] followed by sweating and resolution. The patient will have slight cold extremities. This is because the face exhibits "floating yang" [deficient yang floating upward] due to deficiency below.
Diarrhea with undigested food, deep and slow pulse, indicates cold in the interior. Slight facial redness and slight body fever indicate the exterior is not yet resolved. Slight cold extremities. The Zhijing states: "Deficiency below leads to cold extremities." As the exterior pathogen desires to resolve, at the time of impending sweating, due to prior interior deficiency, vertigo/dizziness will inevitably occur, followed by sweating and resolution.
In diarrhea, if the pulse is rapid and there is thirst, it will resolve spontaneously. If it does not improve, pus and blood will inevitably appear in the stool, due to the presence of heat.
The Classics state: "If rapid pulse persists and diarrhea does not cease, there will be heat in the hypochondrium and pus and blood in the stool."
After diarrhea, if the pulse vanishes and hands and feet are cold, but after a period (one zhou cycle) the pulse returns and hands and feet become warm, life is preserved. If the pulse does not return, death ensues.
In Taiyang disease with diarrhea, occurring more than ten times a day, if the pulse is unexpectedly excess/solid, death ensues.
Diarrhea indicates interior deficiency. The pulse should be faint and weak. An excess pulse indicates the pathogen overcomes the organ qi. Hence, death. The Nanjing states: "When the pulse does not correspond to the disease, and the disease does not correspond to the pulse, it is a fatal disease."
In diarrhea with undigested food, interior cold with exterior heat, sweating, and cold extremities, Tongmai Sini Tang (Decoction for Reviving the Pulse) is indicated.
Diarrhea with undigested food indicates interior cold. Unresolved body heat indicates exterior heat. Sweating allows yang qi to circulate outward; thus, cold extremities should not normally occur. Sweating with cold extremities indicates extreme deficiency of yang qi. Administer Tongmai Sini Tang to consolidate yang qi.
In heat-diarrhea with tenesmus, Baitouweng Tang (Decoction of Pulsatilla) is indicated.
Diarrhea reduces fluid substances. Heat injures qi. Qi deficiency leading to diarrhea causes tenesmus. Administer Baitouweng Tang to clear heat and strengthen the intestines.